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and hedges, clean your garden wall, clear your gravel walks from rubbish, lay your turf where wanted, and roll your lawns very smooth in dry weather.

In the Nursery. Graft on proper stocks, sow the seeds of deciduous trees and shrubs, propagate also by cuttings, sow hardy ever greens; weed the whole carefully, and water seedlings.

In the Green-House. Moderate the heat, by admitting fresh air in mild weather; if frosty, or very cold, keep all shut close; trim your orange-trees, myrtles, &c. into shape; shift such plants as require larger pots, give fresh earth to the roots in general; sow the seeds of exotics, and of oranges for stocks.

In the Hot-House. Your pines will begin to shew fruit; therefore keep up the heat, water these plants frequently, and, in favourable days, admit a little air.

APRIL.

Kitchen-garden. Keep up your hot-beds for cucumbers and melons, allowing the young plants air daily; give water occasionally, and remove decayed leaves; if the sun is very powerful, put mats, &c. over your glasses; impregnate the female flowers, by means of the fine powder on the antheræ of the male blossoms, this will insure an early crop, and should be done on the day the flowers first open; make hot-bed ridges, to receive the plants intended to be set out under bell or hand glasses; sow melon and cucumber seeds for a late crop, plant out your lettuces, sow small salading, radishes, turnips, spinach, kidney-beans, brocoli, onions, leeks, cardoons, carrots, parsnips, potherbs, capsicums, love-apples, scorzonera, salsafy, purslane, beans, peas, gourds, and pompions; set potatoes for a late crop, and plant slips of pot and sweet herbs; destroy weeds, and water young plants when the weather is dry.

In the Fruit-garden. You may plant trees, propagate vines, summer-dress the old ones, protect the blossoms of wallfruit, rub off useless buds, and thin the fruit where too numerous; you may yet prune, and graft, or bud; destroy insects and weeds, clean your strawberries very carefully, and clear them from runners, except what you keep for planting out in June; water these plants well, or they will bear but poorly.

In the Pleasure-garden. You may yet sow tender annuals on hot-beds; the more hardy will succeed with less heat, and the hardy will only require warm clean borders: your bulbous roots will be in

blossom, and must be amply watered; in very hot weather you must shade them, or they will soon pass off; carnations and polyanthuses may yet be sown; those in pots will demand attention; transplant fibrous rooted perennials, sow some also; set your tuberoses in hot-beds, or in hothouses; pay attention to your auriculas, and save their seed very carefully; sow balm of Gilead, plant out ever greens and flowering shrubs, propagate them; roll your grass walks often, and, if too luxu riant, mow them; plant box and thrift edgings, put sticks to your flowering plants, roll your gravel-walks after turning them, and destroy weeds every

where.

In the Nursery. Finish sowing evergreens, flowering-shrubs, and tree-seeds; water your seed-beds, transplant evergreens, examine your grafts, and make new ones early in the month.

In the Green-house. Give air to your plants, water and shift into larger pots or tubs, put fresh earth, cleanse the plants, head down myrtles, &c. inarch, and propagate by seeds and cuttings.

In the Hot-house. Your pine-apples will demand daily attendance, and must be liberally supplied with water, keep the heat well up, admit air occasionally in suitable weather; stove exotics may now be propagated by seeds, cuttings, layers, or suckers.

MAY.

Kitchen-garden. As your melons and cucumbers, will be getting fast forward, you must carefully keep up the heat of your beds by fresh linings of dung, and screen from cold at night; in the day, give air at suitable times, and occasionally water moderately. You will now, in all probability, have occasion to raise your glasses, so as to give room; do this by putting bricks, &c. under the frames. As the melons set, place a tile under each, else the damp of the bed will stain and render the lower part unsightly. You can now sow cucumbers for pickling : this may be done in a free soil, fully exposed to the sun. At night cover the young plants with straw, &c. You may also sow gourds, &c. This is a good time for a full crop of kidney beans, and, if fair, for the scarlet runners: put in small salading, spinach, turnips, carrots, parsnips, onions, for succeeding crops; taking care to weed and water those formerly sown : set out cabbages and savoys; screen your cauliflowers from the sun, by

&c.

JUNE.

bending in the leaves over the flowers, propagate by seeds, cuttings, suckers, which will now be forming: water these plants well, making a trench, or basin, for that purpose: transplant cauliflowers, and sow for a Michaelmas crop. Sow brocoli, borecole, beans, peas, &c. and stick the peas which are ready; top off your blossoming beans; sow endive, for an early crop, propagate pot-herbs and aromatics by cuttings, &c. Support seedling plants, prick out celery, and sow some, also some radishes; thin your cardoons, and weed with diligence: if the weather proves dry, water liberally.

In the Fruit-garden. Look to your wall trees, protect from birds and insects, which by the end of the month will be pecking at your early fruits; trim the shoots and leaves of all fruit-trees, to allow the fruit sun and air, but without scorching; thin your wall-fruit where too close or abundant; destroy snails, keep your borders clean, fumigate, to kill small insects, water new planted trees; clear away superfluous clusters from your vines, look to your strawberries, watering them amply; examine grafted trees.

In the Flower-garden. Be attentive to your bulbous flowers, take up such as have lost their leaves, and lay them to season; your carnations will require care, trim off all puny flowers; your tender annuals must be again removed to a fresh hot-bed; those sown last month may now be pricked out: the less tender may be set out into open spaces, if the weather is warm, choosing moist weather for that operation. You may sow hardy annuals, and propagate double flowers by slips preserve seedling bulbs from too great heat. When your auriculas have done flowering, remove them to the open air; plant tuberoses for the next year, transplant perennial flowers, and sow some of their seeds; destroy weeds, mow your lawns, and keep your gravel walks perfectly clean.

In the Nursery. Water seedlings, and shade them, if hot weather; propagate evergreens by layers, and look over your grafts.

In the Green-house. A free circulation should be allowed, and the plants be gradually introduced to the open air; remove decayed parts, and shift into larger vessels where wanted; water freely, and propagate by layers and cuttings.

In the Hot-house. Your pines will want water often, and fresh air occasionally; you must look to your exotics, and VOL. V.

Kitchen-garden. Your melons must be protected from excessive heat by mats over the glasses, which they will now bear to be well raised, water them and your cucumbers; all under bell-glasses should have free range; thin out the gerkin plants, leaving four in each hole, setting out the rest as before directed into ridges, &c. You may yet sow for pickling; transplant celery into trenches for blanching, also endive; set out lettuces, and sow more seed; sow radishes, and small salading; prick out cauliflowers, and pay attention to those now getting forward, save some seed from the best heads; sow a full crop of turnips for autumn; weed and loosen about your carrots and parsnips, also your beets; thin and clear your onions; transplant leeks, brocoli, and borecole; plant kidney and running beans; sow peas and beans for late crops, and a full crop of cabbages and savoys for winter. Cut no asparagus after this month; plant pot-herbs, gather mint, plant out capsicum, love-apples, and basil; water freely every where; weed carefully, set out cardoons for blanching; sow spinach and radishes; and keep your manure compact, so as not to be injured by the heat.

In the Fruit-garden. Keep your wallfruit clean from insects, and guard against birds; thin the sets where too numerous. Where apple, pear, plum, &c. trees have made shoots, regulate them duly, taking off all that would be superfluous close to the stems; new planted trees should be examined, and eventually watered. Look over your vines again; towards the end of the month you may bud, or inoculate some fruit trees. Clear your strawberry beds from suckers, and set out where you want new beds, or to supply vacancies. Destroy snails, and scare birds.

In the Flower-garden. Transplant hardy annuals, water tender annuals; some quick flowers may yet be sown, to blow in autumn; take up the bulbs that are past flowering, transplant Guernsey and Belladonia lily roots, propagate fibrous rooted plants, transplant seedlings, look to your carnations and pinks, both old and seedlings, lay them, as also double flowers of various kinds, propagate by pip

N n

ings (or cuttings,) cut edgings, clear away weeds, water freely, mow lawns and vallies, and clip hedges.

In the Nursery. You may inoculate stove-fruit trees, examine last years' buds, graft in general; inoculate roses; propagate hardy exotics, water seedlings, and shade them; water trees newly planted, and transplant seedling pines, firs, &c.

In the Green-house. Admit air to the fullest extent, and bring the plants out into the open air; water and stir the soil in the pots, wash off dust, destroy insects, cleanse the interior well, plant cuttings and slips of myrtle, geranium, &c. Propagate succulent plants, letting the cuttings remain in a dry airy place about ten days. You may inarch upon orange and lemon trees, make layers of greenhouse shrubs, and transplant seedling

exotics.

In the Hot-house. Give fresh air and abundance of water, but not too much at a time take off the crown and side swellers from the ripe fruit, as they will in two years bear fruit.

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JULY.

Kitchen-garden. Plant out the principal crops of cabbages, &c. watering them well for several days; plant out brocoli, and sow seed for spring crops; transplant endive, and sow seed for winter crops; you may yet sow kidney and scarlet beans; set out the cauliflowers sown in May; sow small salading and winter onions, also carrots for autumn; transplant celery, and land up that formerly set out; sow turnips; plant out lettuce, sow some seed also of winter spinach, radishes, and cole-worts; pull onions, garlic, and shallots; be prudent in not giving much water to your ripening melons, as it would hurt their flavour; for the same reason shelter them from heavy rain. When you have cut artichokes, break the stem down close to the root. Set out cardoons, gather seeds, transplant leeks, collect herbs for distilling while early in flower; plant sage, &c. gather physical and pot-herbs for drying; sow peas and beans for a late crop; water freely and clear your ground.

In the Fruit-garden. Look to your wall trees, nail up your fig-trees, look again to your vines in particular, destroy wasps and insects, not forgetting snails. Bud your stone-fruit trees, and preserve seeds.

In the Flower-garden. Bring out your

curious annuals that were as yet in frames &c. clear them well, and wash well with a light pot pierced very small; transplant annuals into the borders, &c. select car nations, which must be carefully preserv ed, lay them, as also double sweet-wil liams, &c. transplant former layers, propagate pinks by pipings; set out perennial plants, clean your auriculas, trans plant their seedlings; take up remain ing bulbs, propagate the double scarlet lychnis, &c. by cuttings; mow lawns and walks, cut edgings, and clip hedges, destroy weeds, and cut away decayed flower-stems.

In the Nursery. Bud your stone-fruit trees; grafted trees are to be examined; transplant seedling firs; inoculate and lay curious shrubs; water freely, and destroy weeds.

In the Green-house. Water your bearing trees in particular; give them new soil; propagate exotics by cuttings, &c. plant cuttings of succulents; bud your oranges and lemons.

In the Hot-house. Admit air in calm clear weather; propagate pines as before shewn; water moderately, and pay atten tion to your exotics.

AUGUST.

Kitchen garden. Sow a full crop of winter spinach, also cabbages, brocoli, savoys, winter onions, carrots for spring use, radishes, some cauliflowers for next summer; transplant celery, and earth up former trenchings; sow small salading, lettuce, fennels, angelica, carduus, endive, cole-worts, &c.: clean your beds of aspa earth cardoons; look to your ragus; up onions, garlic, and shallots; propagate sweet herbs; gather seeds; and see to your melons and cucumbers, which will now be in bearing. You may likewise sow turnips for a late crop; hoe your former crops well in dry weather.

In the Fruit-garden. Keep your wall fruit very clean, and guard against birds and vermin; let your figs have a due ex posure to the sun; look to your budded trees: you may still bud early in this

month.

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In the Flower-garden. Propagate fibrous-rooted plants; water generally ; propagate saxifrage in particular; sow auricula seeds, and shift those plants into fresh earth, pick out their seedlings; move carnation layers and pink pipings; lay carnations; sow seeds of bulbs, also of the anemone, cyclamen, and ranunculus; remove late flowering bulbs; transplant perennials; clip hedges; cut edgings

mow lawns; trim flower plants, and gather their seeds; plant autumnal bulbs; and destroy weeds very carefully.

In the Nursery. Water freely; transplant seedlings; trim evergreens; bud in the early days; and prepare ground for transplanting.

In the Green-House. Shift succulent plants into larger vessels; propagate aloes by offsets from the old plants; inoculate orange trees; and water so as to keep the soil from caking.

In the Hot-House. Water freely every other day; shift the succession of pineapples into larger pots, in which they are to bear; give but little water to ripening pines, lest the flavour be weakened.

SEPTEMBER.

Kitchen-garden. Now prepare your beds for mushrooms, making them of the best fresh stable dung, in which the best spawn should be set; if heavy rain should fall before completed, cover with long dry litter; take care only to cover the spawn about half an inch. Keep these beds very dry in winter; in very hot weather sprinkle occasionally with water. A mushroom bed will produce in five or six weeks; and old cucumber beds will often produce immense numbers. Plant and sow lettuces; put some also into frames for winter service. Set out your young cauliflowers into a nursery bed, to stand the winter. Earth up the Michaelmas cauliflowers, and urge them to perfection, watering them abundantly, else they will be stunted. Transplant your young brocoli. Plant out your late savoys and cabbages, also your celery and coleworts. Earth up your ridged celery. Tye up endive to blanch, and plant out more for a succession. Begin to blanch the more forward cardoons. Weed your young spinach and winter onions. Hoe your turnips in dry weather with a bold hand. Continue to sow small salading, chervil, &c.; and gather your ripe seeds in fair weather.

In the Fruit-garden. Thin the leaves from over your ripening wall-fruit, especially your grapes; hang up phials of syrup every where, to decoy wasps and flies; gather your apples and pears; prepare for plantations of fruit trees, and set out strawberries at good dis

tances.

In the Flower-garden. Plant your byacynth and tulip roots for early bloom; prepare beds for your ranunculuses and anemones, sorting the seeds late in the

month; look to your carnation layers, and to your auriculas that are in pots; sow auricula seed, if not done before; transplant perennials; sow seeds of bulbs; plant box; dig borders; roll gravel walks; trim flowering plants; propagate fibrous-rooted plants; transplant pionies, and other knot-rooted plants; as also flowering shrubs in general.

In the Nursery. Transplant evergreens, deciduous shrubs and trees; prepare ground for receiving your late grafts, and for new stocks; propagate trees and shrubs by cuttings; preserve cherry and plum stones to raise stocks; and destroy weeds and nests of vermin.

In the Green-house. Prepare for the return of your oranges, &c. which, as the weather becomes colder, must be taken in, and gradually be more confined in regard to the atmosphere.

In the Hot-house. Admit air only when the sun is bright, and the wind from a warm quarter; water your pine plants moderately; add fresh tan to your pits; and prepare composts for this branch.

OCTOBER.

Kitchen-garden. Plant beans for an early crop, preferring mazagans; you may also sow some hotspur peas for the same purpose; transplant lettuces for winter service, and sow some for spring use; cover your cauliflower plants; set out your cabbages; force your brocoli, by loosening the soil, and drawing it around their stems; clean your winter spinach, tie up endive, and dress your bed of aromatics; plant and set slips of herbs; dress asparagus beds; earth up celery and cardoons; sow small salading and radishes, also carrots for spring use; dig up carrots, parsnips, and potatoes: begin trenching, for the benefit of winter

exposure.

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In the Fruit-garden. Gather your late pears and apples; prune and nail your wall-trees, also your standards, when the leaf has fallen; plant goosberries and currants, also prune them, and set the cuttings; dress strawberry beds, plant the runners; prune raspberries, and plant the young shoots; propagate fruit trees by layers and by suckers.

In the Flower-garden. Put your auricular plants in safe places, laying them on their sides to throw off the wet; set out your carnation layers; dress your flowering shrubs; transplant fibrous-rooted flowering plants, parting the roots of such

as will admit; plant all kinds of bulb: prune flowering shrubs; plant hardy deciduous flowers and shrubs and evergreens to hide walls; firs and pines should now be transplanted, as also forest trees in general; propagate them by layers; transplant such layers as may be ready; propagate roses, &c. by suckers, and others by cuttings; set your seedlings in a warm place; trim your evergreens; plant box; and cut hedges and edgings.

In the Nursery. Propagate by layers, and transplant such as may be ready; proceed also with cuttings; sow haw and holly berries; sow acorns; set out seedling stocks for grafting; sow plum and cherry stones; transplant laurels; sow beech, and various seeds of hardy trees. In the Green-house. See that your shutters fit well, and have all your benches, &c. well cleansed and repaired; move in your plants in due time, if not done before; water occasionally, but in small quantity.

In the Hot-house. See that your tanpits are in proper state, and set your pots in carefully.

NOVEMBER.

Kitchen Garden. Sow beans, peas, radishes, small salading, &c.; look to your celery and endive, so that they may blanch well; attend also to your cardoons; cut down your artichokes; give air to your cauliflower plants; clean your spinach; manure and trench; you may sow a little carrot seed, but it will prove a precarious crop; weed your spring onions carefully.

In the Fruit-garden. Prune and nail vines, apricots, &c.; plant wall-trees, apples, pears, cherries, &c.; clear your fig-trees of the remaining fruit, and if severe frosts come on, cover them with mats; plant filberts, and in general all deciduous fruit trees and shrubs.

In the Flower-garden. Clean your borders, plant perennials, tulips, ranunculuses, anemones, crocuses, narcissuses, and other bulbs; prune flowering shrubs; transplant hardy shrubs; plant forest trees; roll grass walks and lawns, and keep your gravel clean; prepare good compost for your flowers.

In the Nursery. Finish all transplanting; prepare for new plantations; manure well, and shelter seedlings from wet and from frost.

In the Green-house. Some few plants will want watering, and it will be proper to keep the night air entirely out.

In the Hot-house. Make a moderate fire at night; on sunny days you must open a sash or two, and should occasionally bestow a little water where wanted.

DECEMBER.

Kitchen-Garden. Examine your cauliflower plants; you may sow beans, peas, &c. if the weather is open; keep your mushroom beds dry; make a forcing bed for early asparagus; trench and open the vacant soil, giving a good allowance of manure where wanted.

See that your

In the Fruit-Garden. wall-trees are firm, and cover places that seem likely to canker, cutting away all useless wood, but preserving sufficient bearing wood; prune fruit trees in general, and plant out if the weather admits.

In the Flower-garden. Preserve all tender plants and seedlings very carefully; transplant and plant as wanted.

tations; trench, dig, and manure libeIn the Nursery. Look to your new planrally; propagate by layers and suckers of hardy trees and shrubs.

In the Green-house. Keep your plants clean, and water occasionally.

In the Hot-house. Water as wanted;

keep up a due temperature: you may commence for early cucumbers, kidneybeans, roses, pinks, &c.

GARDEN snail. See Helix.

GARIDELLA, in botany, so called in honour of Pierre Garidel, M. D. a genus of the Decandria Trigynia class and order. Natural order of Multisiliquæ. Ranunculaceæ, Jussieu. Essential charac ter: calyx five-leaved, like petals; nectary five, two-lipped, bifid; capsules three, connected, containing many seeds. There is but one species, viz G. nigellastrum, fennel-leaved garidella.

GARLAND, in naval affairs, a sorts of net extended by a wooden hoop, of sufficient size to admit a bowl or platter, and is used by sailors as a locker or cupboard, to contain their provisions, being hung up to the beams within the birth, where they commonly mess between the decks.

GARLIC, in botany, see ALLIUM. This root has been subjected to chemical analysis; when distilled, it yields first a liquid slightly coloured, and having an acrid taste; then a thick brown oil, and abund ance of inflammable air and carbonic acid. The liquid in the receiver emits the smell of ammonia when mixed with lime. It is said to consist of

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