...aligned with the ideological frame of a movement organization. Social movements frame — that is, assign meaning to and interpret — relevant events...to mobilize potential adherents and constituents, garner bystander support, and demobilize antagonists. In mobilization campaigns, movement organizations...

...in identifying the relationship between ideological factors and social movements: social movements frame or assign meaning to and interpret relevant...constituents, to garner bystander support, and to demobilize antagonists; movements also function as carriers and transmitters of mobilizing beliefs and ideas and...

...Benford (1988: 198), are "actively engaged in the production of meaning for participants. . . . They frame, or assign meaning to and interpret, relevant...that are intended to mobilize potential adherents." Finally, Gamson (1992) has sought to extend the framing concept by distinguishing between what he sees...

...or 42 Social Movements and Cultural Change sponsors.7 These actors draw upon the movement's ideology to "frame, or assign meaning to and interpret, relevant...constituents, to garner bystander support, and to demobilize antagonists" (Snow and Benford 1988:198). With the help of, among other things, these frames and, more...

...Dieter Rucht. and Mayer Zald for their extremely helpful comments on various drafts of the chapter. and interpret, relevant events and conditions in ways...constituents, to garner bystander support, and to demobilize antagonists." By framing, then. Snow and Benford have in mind the conscious, strategic efforts of movement...

...engage in. Organized efforts to bring attention to extant social conditions and to incite social change "frame, or assign meaning to and interpret, relevant...constituents, to garner bystander support and to demobilize antagonists" (Snow and Benford 1988:198). This process is critical to the negotiation of the larger...

...actor interpretation or perceptive frame. Snow and Benford (1988) have emphasized that social movements frame or assign meaning to and interpret relevant events and conditions in ways that are intended to identify, analyze, and convey issues, as well as to mobilize constituents (p. 197-98). Further, as...

..."transmitters" of ideology but are fundamentally and necessarily engaged in the "framing" of reality. Social movements seek to "frame, or assign meaning...constituents, to garner bystander support, and to demobilize antagonists" (Snow and Benford 1988: 198). However, in order for frames to work, they must "resonate"...

...outsiders and true to members' sense of themselves.48 Such a narrative "assigns meaning to, and interprets, relevant events and conditions in ways that are intended...constituents, to garner bystander support, and to demobilize antagonists."49 It gives voice to the deep concerns of those in the group — belonging and exclusion,...

..."actively engaged in the production of meaning for participants, antagonists, and observers. . . . They frame, or assign meaning to and interpret, relevant...constituents, to garner bystander support, and to demobilize antagonists." By framing, then, Snow and Benford have in mind the conscious, strategic efforts of movement...