Art. 395. To be carefully limited. 397. Lie to preserve a Man's Life. 399. 400. 401. 402. Heroic Lies. Advocate's Assertions. Advocate's Profession to be Moral. 403. The Alexandrian Merchant. 404. Promise of Marriage. 405. The unlawful Promise of Marriage.. CHAP. XVI. OF CASES OF NECESSITY Art. 407. Cases of extreme Danger: 408. First, to one's Self. 409. Necessity to be rigorously understood. 411. Fear of certain Death is Necessity. 412. Necessity does not justify, but may excuse Acts. fined. 415. And because Necessity destroys deliberation, ture. 417. Death is an event in Man's moral being. 418. Necessity has no Law. 419. Case of Necessity from Danger to others. 420. Such Cases of Necessity are not to be defined. 422. Strong Moral Principles decide such Conflicts. 424. Resistance to Government. CHAP. XVII. OF THINGS ALLOWABLE Art. 425. The notion of Allowable belongs to Cases of Necessity. 426. Is not lightly to be extended. 427. Some things are Indifferent. 428. But many of these, only at first sight. 429. The selection is to be directed by Moral Culture. 430. Acts are not indifferent, because they foster habits. 431. Hence Acts are a Discipline. 432. Mortification. Askesis. PAGE 290 304 Art. 433. Not ascetic, but spontaneous Virtue is required. 434. Discipline of the Intellect. 435. Nothing is too slight for Discipline. 440. If unavoidable, they excuse: but care is needed. 441. Their consequences to be redressed. 442. If they arise from Negligence, are defects. 443. But they may palliate actions. 444. Ignorance and Error as the Want of Common 445. Suspend or invert the Moral Progress. 447. Errors of Principle are not exculpations. Art. 457. National Standards of Morality 458. Are connected with National Laws. 459. Moral Precepts are exemplary and relative. 463. In nations and in individuals. 464. Conceptions of Person; Property; Right. 334 Art. 476. Conception of Natural Law among the Greeks. 477. Among the Romans. 478. Is universal, though not uniform. 479. Is denoted by Jus. 480. Involves historical Definitions. 481. Rights cannot be founded on Injustice. 482. Rights not always vitiated by previous injustice. 483. No single Rule is absolute. 484. Justice assigns Rights according to existing 485. Justice rejects what is arbitrary. 486. Idea and Fact in Justice. Law must conform to this course. 490. It is not unjust that citizens suffer with the 491. War not necessarily unjust. 492. What is just respecting past violence? 493. To aim constantly at remedying it. 499. The Prætor's power did not disregard the Law. 500. Equity not properly defined as abating the rigour 501. Equity does supply some defects in Law in 505. In equali jure melior est conditio possidentis. ! Art. 511. Greek and Roman notions of Humanity. 514. All men inust have the primary Rights. 516. Natural Obligations 517. Are as important as Natural Rights. 518. Whether Natural Rights are indefeasible. 519. Civil Rights to be conformed to Natural Rights Art. 520. Slavery ancient and modern. 522. It is contrary to Morality. 523. May be excusable in early stages of progress. 526. Language is the character of man. 527. Inconsistency of those who hold negro inferiority; 532. Serfs. Leibeigener, &c. 533. Progress of Emancipation in England. 535. Social Freedom requires Political Freedom. 539. We may promote men's Pleasure from Benevo- lence. Interest cannot rightly be the highest Object. VOL. I.-C PAGE 362 370 380 Art. 546. That Virtue is Happiness, to be learnt from Re- ligion. It is not enough to make men Content. To aim at the Greatest Happiness, cannot be the 549. In reasoning on this ground, Rules are assumed. 550. Paley's account of Human Happiness; 551. Is not used by him in his reasonings. 554. Utility cannot be the ground of Duty. 555. Definition of Expediency. 559. Laws with their Sanctions are a part of Moral 560. National Morality is a part of Moral Education. 563. Individual Thought is a part of Moral Education. PAGE |