Answer of the Court of France. ments in the name of his august 10vereign, renews to his excellency, general baron de Vincent, the as The undersigned minister for foreign affairs, bas lost no time in lay-surances of his most high consider ing before his majesty the emperor and king, the note which his excellency general baron de Vincent, did hin the honour of addressing to him on the 7th of this month. "His majesty the emperor Napoleon accepts, for himself and his allies, the friendly interposition of his majesty the emperor of Austria, to effect the re-establishment of peace, so necessary to all nations. His majesty has only one fear; it is, that the Power who hitherto seems to have laid it down as a plan, to found its elevation and greatness upon the divisions of the continent, will endeavour to extract from the congress which may be formed, new subjects of irritation, and new pretexts for disagreement. However, a mode which holds out a hope of stopping the further effusion of blood, and of affording consolation to the bosoms of so many families, ought not to be rejected by France, who, as all Europe knows, was forced against her inclination into the pre sent war. "His majesty the emperor Napoleon finds moreover, in this circumstance, a favourable opportunity of strongly expressing the confidence with which his majesty the emperor of Austria has inspired him, and the desire he has to see those connections re-established between the two nations, which in other times produced their mutual prosperity, and which, at this day, could more than any thing else consolidate their tranquillity and happiness. "The undersigned, happy in the opportunity of expressing these senti Treaty of Peace and Amity between His Britannic Majesty and the King of Prussia. Signed at Memel, January 28, 1807. His majesty the king of the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his majesty the king of Prussia, being equally desirous to terminate in an amicable manner, and to settle by a formal treaty, the differences which have for a short time interrupted the relations of union and good understanding which had so long subsisted between them; their said majesties have nominated as their plenipotentiaries to be employed in this important undertaking, namely, on the part of his Britannic majesty, the riglit honourable J: Hely Baron Hutchinson, a general of his army, and knight of the most honour. able military order of the Bath; and on the part of his Prussian majesty, the sieur Frederic William de Zastrow, his minister of state and cabinet, major general of his armies, and kuight of the orders of the RedEagle and of Merit, who, after having communicated and exchanged their respective full powers, and found them in due form, have agreed upon the following articles: "Art. I. There shall be between their Britannic and Prussian majesties, their heirs and successors, their kingdoms, provinces, and subjects, perpetual perpetual and inviolable peace, sincere union, and perfect friendship; to the end that the temporary misunderstanding which has recently taken place, shall, from the present moment, be regarded as entirely at an end, and shall be buried in eternal oblivion. "II. The accommodation and the reconciliation between the two courts having for their basis the renunciation, on the part of his Prussian majesty, of the country of Hanover, his said majesty relinquishes all right and title whatsoever to the actual and future possession of the Electoral territories of his Britannic majesty, and renounces, at the same time, all the pretensions which he had advanced to those states. And in case the events of the war should bring about the re-occupation of the electorate of Hanover by the Prussian armies, his majesty the king of Prussia engages not to take possession of the electorate but in the name of his Britannic majesty, and immediately to re-establish the ancient form of civil government and the ancient constituted authorities of his Britannic majesty; which authorities shall be formerly invested with the entire administration of affairs, in the name, and for the advantage, of their legitimate sovereign. "III. The freedom of navigation and commerce shall be restored to the subjects of his Prussian majesty, as it formerly was in time of peace, and on the same footing as it was before the period of the late exclusion of the British flag from the rivers Ems, Weser, and Elbe; and his said Britannic majesty having with this view already issued an order, bearing date the 19th November, 1806, to all officers commanding his ships of war, as well as to all privateers, not further to molest, detain, or bring in any Prussian vessels which they may meet at sea, provided their cargoes be innocent and not prohibited by the laws of war, and that they be not bound to ports belonging to the enemies of Great Britain, or occcupied by them, the said order shall continue to be observed, and to have effect in its full force and extent. "IV. And in pursuance of the above determination, his Britannic majesty promises and engages to issue to his admiralty, without delay, the necessary orders that the merchant vessels which, by the proclamation of the 24th of September, 1806, were subject to provisionary detentions, shall be released and restored to their proprietors, with perfect liberty either to continue their voyages, if their place of destination be not prohibited, or otherwise to return to their own country. "V. The crews of all the Prussian vessels brought into British ports since the publication of the letters of marque, shall be set at liberty immediately after the conclusion of the present treaty; and the British government shall cause them to return, in the most direct and expeditious Hauner, into the dominions of his Prussian majesty, to whatever place shall be hereafter agreed upon. "VI. His majesty the king of Prussia engages not to impede, nor to allow any other power to impede, the free navigation of his Britannic majesty in any of the ports of his dominions; but, on the contrary, to afford full liberty to the English flag to enter into and to proceed from the above mentioned ports in the same manner, as before the late closing of the Ems, Weser, and Elbe. "VII. The two high contracting parties mutually promise and engage to invite his majesty the emperor of all all the Russias to take upon himself "IX. The ratifications, drawn up in due and proper form, shall be exchanged in the space of six weeks, or sooner if possible, in case the present difficulty of communication should allow of it. "In faith of which the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty, and have hereunto affixed the seals of their arms. "Done at Memel, Jan. 28, 1807. "HUTCHINSON. "F. G. DE ZASTROW." 1 Treaty between Prussia and France. Article I. From the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, there shall be perfect peace and amity between the king of Prussia and the emperor of France. II. The part of the Duchy of Magdeburg which lies on the right bank of the Elbe; the Mark of Preignitz, the Uker-mark, and the new Mark of Brandenburg, with the exception of the Circle of Rothus, in Lower Lusalia; the Duchy of Pomerania; Upper, Lower, and New Silesia, with the County of Glatz; the part of the district of Neiss which lies to the north of the road from Driesen to Schneidermuhl, and to the north of a line passing from Schneidermuhl, by Woldau, to the Vistula, and to the frontiers of the Circle of Bromberg Pomerelia; the island of Nogat, and the country on the right bank of the VisOld Prussia; and to the Circles of tula and the Nogat, to the west of Culmer and Ermeland: finally, the kingdom of Prussia, as it was on the to his majesty the king of Prussia, 1st of Jannary, 1772, shall be restored tin, Custrin, Glogau, Breslaw, Schwith the fortresses of Spandau, Stetweidnitz, Niesse, Brieg-Cosel, and Glatz; and, in general, all the places, above-mentioned, shall be restored citadels, castles, and forts of the in the state in which they at present are: the town and citadel of GrauParschken, and Schwierkorzy, shall denz, with the villages of Neudorf, likewise be restored to his majesty the king of Prussia. III. His majesty the king of Prussia Naples, Joseph Napoleon, and his acknowledges his majesty the king of majesty the king of Holland, Louis Napoleon. sia in like manner acknowledges the engages to acknowledge those so- and amity shall be in common for his allies mallies of his majesty the emperor Napoleon. VI. His majesty the king of Prussia, in like manner, acknowledges his imperial highness prince Jerome Napoleon as king of Westphalia. VII. His majesty the king of Prussia cedes, in full right of property and sovereignty to the kings, grand dukes, dukes, and princes, who shall be pointed out by his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, all the duchies, margraviates, principalities, counties, and lordships, and, in general, all the territories and domaius, and all territorial property of whatever kind, or by whatever title possessed, by his majesty the king of Prussia, between the Rhine and the Elbe, at the commencement of the present war. VIII. The kingdom of Westphalia shall consist of the provinces ceded by his majesty the king of Prussia, and of other states which are at present in possession of his majesty the emperor Napoleon. IX. The arrangements which his majesty the emperor Napoleon shall make in the countries alluded to in the two preceding articles, and the occupation of the same by those sovereigns in whose favour he shall make such arrangements, shall be acknowledged by his majesty the king of Prussia, in the same manner as if they were contained and stipulated in the present treaty. X. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces for himself, his heirs, and successors, all actual or future right which he has or may acquire, 1. To all territory, without exception, situate between the Elbe and the Rhine, and in general to all not described in article VII. 2. To all possessions of his majesty the king of Saxony and the house of Anhalt, situate on the right bank of the Elbe. On the other hand, all rights or claims, of the states situate between the Rhine and the Elbe to the possessions of his majesty the king of Prussia, as they are defined by the present treaty, shall be for ever extinguished and annulled. XI. All negociations, conventions, or treaties of alliance, that may have been publicly or privately concluded between Prussia and any state on the left bank of the Elbe, and which has not been broken by the present war, shall remain without effect, and be considered as null and not concluded. XII. His majesty the king of Prussia cedes the circle of Kothus, in Lower Lusatia, to his majesty the king of Saxony, with full right of proprietorship and sovereignty. XIII. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces for ever possession of all the provinces which formerly constituted parts of the kingdom of Poland, and at different periods came under the dominion of Prussia; excepting Ermeland, and the country to the west of ancient Prussia, to the east of Pomerania and the Newmark, to the north of the Circle of Halm, and a line which passes from the Vistula by Waldau to Schneidermuhl, and passes along the boundaries of Bromberg and the road from the Schneidermuhl to Driesen; which provinces, with the town and citadel of Graudentz, and the villages of Neudorf, Parschken, and Schwierkorsey, shall in future be possessed, with all rights of proprietorship and sovereignty, by his majesty the king of Prussia. XIV. His majesty the king of Prussia renounces in like manner, for ever, possession of the city of Dantzic. XV. The provinces which his majesty the King of Prussia renounces in the 13th article, with exception of the the territories mentioned in the 18th article shall be possessed with right of property and sovereignty by his majesty the king of Saxony, under the title of a dukedom of Warsaw, and governed according to a constitution which shall secure the liberties and privileges of the people of that duchy, and be conformable to the tranquillity of the neighbouring states. XVI. To secure a connection and communication between the kingdom of Saxony and the duchy of Warsaw, the free use of a military road shall be granted to the king of Saxony through the states of his majesty the king of Prussia. This road, the number of troops which shall pass through it at one time, and the places at which they shall halt, shall be settled by a particular agreement between the two sovereigns, under the mediation of France. XVII. The navigation of the river Ness and the canal of Bromberg, from Driesen to the Vistula and back, shall remain free from any toll. XVIII. In order to establish, as much as possible, natural boundaries between Russia and the duchy of Warsaw, the territory between the present boundaries of Russia from the Berg to the mouth of the Lassona, and a line which passes from the said mouth, and along the channel of that river, the channel of the Bohro to its mouth, the channel of the Narew from its mouth to Suradz, the channel of the Lisa to its source near the village Mien, and of the two neighbouring arms of the Nurzuck, rising near that village, and the channel of the Nurzuck itself, to its mouth, and lastly along the channel of the Bug, up the stream to the present boundaries of Russia, shall for ever be incorporated with the Russian empire. XIX. The city of Dantzic, with a territory of two miles circumference, shall be restored to its former independence, under the protection of his majesty the king of Prussia and the king of Saxony, and be governed by the rules by which it was governed when it ceased to be its own mistress. XX. Neither his majesty the king of Prussia, nor his majesty the king of Saxony, shall obstruct the navigation of the Vistula by any prohibition, nor by any customs, duty, or imposts whatever. XXI. The city, port, and territory of Dantzic, shall be shut up during the present maritime war against the trade and navigation of Great Britain. XXII. No individual of any rank or description whatsoever, whose property and abode are situated in such provinces as formerly belonged to the kingdom of Poland, or which the king of Prussia is henceforth to possess; and no individual of the duchy of Warsaw, or residing within the territory incorporated with Russia, or possessing any landed property, rents, annuities, or any income whatsoever, shall, either with regard to his person, his estates, rents, annuities, and income, nor with respect to his rank and diguities, be prosecuted, on account of any part which he may have taken, either in a political or military point of view, in the events of the present war. XXIII. In the same manner, no individual residing or possessing landed property in the countries which belonged to the king of Prussia prior to the 1st of January, 1772, and which are restored to him by virtue of the preceding second article; and in particular, no individual of the Berlin civic guard, or of the gens d'armes, who have taken up arms in order to maintain tranquillity, shall be prosecuted in his person, his estates, |