there are no manufactures in America to give them employment.

I was prompted to give the above idea to government by the following occurrence. Being on business in the custom-house at Liverpool, when there were some men present who intended to emigrate to America, Mr. Onslow, the collector, requested me to speak with them, before him.. I found some of them were weavers, whom the law prohibits from leaving the country. It is probable, however, they would, by some deception, get over at a future time; but the certificate above mentioned would be a great prevention. There was one man with them, a methodist preacher, whom I recommended to go, as many of those people, under pretence of preaching the gospel, are a nuisance in this country; they live an idle life, and are, generally speaking, disturbers of the peace.

SECTION XXX.

Striking and interesting Proofs of the Advantages that England has over America. Lamentable Anecdotes of some Emigrants.

My opinion of the land in England is not lowered by going on this tour to America: and if those men who seemed to doubt the validity of the statements given in my former publication live, they may probably see the time when my words will be substantiated, in many instances, by an encreased price and produce of the English lands ; and, as to one thing which has been thought so extraordinary, viz. to keep ten cows, ten hogs, and get ten acres of wheat on twenty acres of land, every year, I could not have a greater pleasure than in doing it; and hope I shall: but I do not expect to grow rich by that. A man who cultivates soils so correctly, does not enrich himself very

quickly; but he is of infinite service to the public. The mode of rendering farming profitable is to procure as much produce from the land, and at as little expence, as possible; to rob the land, and leave it for some other person or generation to improve, whilst you live on the interest of the money. But, were that the general spirit of mankind, the whole country at large must in the end suffer by it.

Although the acquirement of riches is the primary desire of mankind, and they frequently barter every thing to obtain them, yet there are men in the world who thirst for something more than money; for instance, the great Mr. Bakewell. He pursued his object in the breed of animals, until it deranged his circumstances: at the same time that, in his expences, there was not a more economic man probably in the world, or one more industrious. I believe that the whole of his time and thoughts was employed in his most valuable pursuits; and there is no record of such a man existing

upon earth, in any age whatever. He threw such ideas before mankind, that the most prejudiced must ultimately acquiesce with him in opinion: for, send his breed of animals into what part of the world you please, they clearly prove the sagacity and truth of his practice and observations.

Some of Mr. Bakewell's cattle were imported by Mr. Lloyd, at Why-House, in America: Mr. Boadley, who was then living at Why-Island, says that Mr. Lloyd was quite displeased with the cattle when they arrived, being small, as he thought: and he almost starved them; so that it was wonderful to me they lived. This is the most striking instance of their being able to bear hardships I ever knew. He even neglected answering Mr. Bakewell's letter: Mr. Boadley undertook that office,—much to his credit, as shewing his better judgment; for the offspring of those cattle are superior to any I saw in that country.

That Mr. Bakewell pursued his experiments and speculations with the cheering

expectation of gain, there is not the least doubt: but, to succeed in his plan, required a great deal of time and money; and if he had had a sufficient sum to last him through life, in all probability the public would not have been so quickly benefited by it: but his failure, and the exposure of his affairs, by his valuable stock being offered to public sale, and more so the subscription given him by the noblemen and gentlemen in the country, led the curious to see his cattle; and he and his stock became generally known. There are many similar instances of publicspirited men not enriching themselves. It is frequently called a hobby-horse; but it is of considerable utility to the community at large and perhaps there was never a donation better bestowed than that given to Mr. Bakewell, to enable him to keep such valuable stock together, by which means they will become universal over all the three united kingdoms.

From the various calculations made in the course of this work from facts, it appears