357; 1o. a classical training required
for the three learned professions,
338, Law 340, Medicine 342, Theo-
logy 342-350; 2°. efficiency of schools
and universities, 339, 350-353.
Cockburn (Lord), his evidence on
Edinburgh University patronage,
710.

Collegial System, history of, 413, sq.
Collegial and Collegiate, words to be
distinguished, 413.

Collier (Arthur), his Idealism, 185-
201; his life, 190.
Collins (Anthony), unknown treatise
by, 186.

Common Sense, 63, sq.; 86, 89, 195.
Comprehension and Extension of no-
tions. See Logic.

Comte (Auguste), quoted, 309, 310.
Conception. We can conceive or think

(have a notion or concept of,) what
we are unable to imagine or repre-
sent, 13; but what we represent or
imagine, that we may think or con-
ceive, ib. Not used in Stewart's
meaning, 104, 280.
Concepts, Notions. See Logic.
Conditioned (the), philosophy of, 12,
sq., 595, sq.; inverse of the philoso-
phy of the Unconditioned, 603, sq.;
science of ignorance, ib.; explains
Causality, &c., 614, sq.; probably
adopted by Aristotle, 630, sq.;
eminently religious, 15, 620, sq.,
629, sq.

Conditions of Thought, table and de-
tail of, 595-603.
Consciousness: only of the limited,
19; not a special faculty, 47; de-
veloped, constitutes Psychology, 47,
86; facts of, 63, sq., 86; not co-ex-
tensive with the soul or mental
principle, 252; involves judgment,
603; Aristotle and the older Greeks,
with the Romans, until the Latin
language ceased to be a living tongue,
employed (with rare exceptions) no
psychological term for Conscious-
ness, 51, sq., 111.

Contingent, the, (in Propositions), de-
fined, 701.

Conversation with the Learned, 687, sq.
Coplestone (Bishop), his confusion of
the Colleges with the University of
Oxford, 409; various testimonies
by, 409, 411, 444, 752, 792.
Cosmothetic Idealism, or Hypothetical
Realism, or Hypothetical Dualism,
56, sq., 192.

Coste (Pierre), his explanation of
Locke's passage touching the Crea-
tion of Matter, 200; quoted, 637.

Cousin his genius and character, 1,
37, 43; his philosophy in general,
1-37; advocate of Rationalism, 7;
his doctrine of the Infinito-Absolute,
23, sq.; his report on Prussian
Schools, 553-591; his merits as a re-
former and promoter of Popular
Education, 559, 560; what he has
done for France cannot be without
benefit for this and other countries,
560; his observations on the law in
France for the instruction of the
people, 584-590.

Craniology, fundamentally false, 643.
Croke (Richard), 209.

Crotus (Rubianus). See Epistolæ O. V.
Cudworth (Dr Ralph), an unknown
treatise by, 186; on, 310.

Cullen (Dr William), his character,
239-247.

Cultivation of mind in no proportion to

the mind's possession of facts, but in
proportion to its energy, 40-42, 331.
Curators, academical Patronage and
Government through: principles of,
359, sq.; history of, in the more
illustrious foreign_Universities,
Italian, 367, sq., Dutch, 369, sq.,
German, 375, sq.; plan of, for ap-
plication in Edinburgh, by Author,
393; by Burgh Commissioners, 712,

DALGARNO (George), his writings, 174-
184.

David (the Armenian), 275.
Davidson (Dr J. Henry), 723-725.
Deaf and Dumb: history of the at-
tempts at their education, 175-184;
the testimonies by, or in relation to,
of Agricola (R.) 176, Aristotle 177,
Bacon 180, Bonnet (P.) 179, Bulwer
(J.) 180, Dalgarno 181, Digby (Sir
K.) 177, Epée (Abbé de l') 181, Fab-
ricius ab Aquapendente 179, Galen
176, Holder 181, Lana 179, Molin-
æus (the jurist) 176, Montanus (P.)
179, Pontius (P.) 177, Robertson
(Father) 180, Stewart (D.) 181, 182,
Vallesius (F.) 177, Vives 177, Wal-
lis 179.

Degree or Intension, as a condition of
thought, 602, sq.

De Morgan (Prof.), as a logical critic
and reasoner, 672-706.

Depth and Breadth of notions. See
Logic.

Des Cartes. See Cartes.
Diagrams, Aristotle's syllogistic, re-
stored, 664, sq.
Dialectic. See Logic.

Disputation, as an exercise of mind,
769, sq.

Disruption, The," 348, 391.
Dissenters. See Universities, English.
Doce ut Discas, 355, 775, sq.

Doubt, the condition of knowledge, 630.
Dousa (Janus), as Curator of Leyden,
372, 8q.

Downam (Bishop), 121; his error, 668.
Duncan (Mark), his character as a logi-
cian, &c., 120, 121.
Duncan (William), 121.

Durell (John), on the prohibition to
preach from the Apocalypse, in the
French Reformed Church, 519.
Durham, "University" of, has no legal
right to grant Degrees, 486, sq.

EDINBURGH, University of: its defects,
351, 382-386, 396, 707-734; its De-
grees in Arts, 714, sq.; in Medicine,
342, 365, 717, sq.; how given now,
728, sq.; by what means these de-
grees might be restored to respecta-
bility, 733; removal of religious
Tests, though these are bad, abso-
lutely, would, with the present pa-
trons, degrade it still lower, 707.
Edinburgh Town Council. See Uni-
versity Patronage.

Education of Deaf and Dumb. See
Deaf and Dumb.

Education of the People. See Popular
Education.

Effect and Cause: as relative, thought,

ipso facto, as conditioned, 34, 604, sq.
Ehinger (Elias), his erroneous com-
mutation of the anonymous Greek
version of Hispanus into an original
work by Psellus, 127, 670.
Eichstaedt, on Examination, 769.
Empirical. See Experience.
England: English indifference to Phi-
losophy, 186; abuse of the term
Philosophy, 276, 673; national dis-
regard of oaths, 464, 544, 545; Church
the creation of the civil magistrate,
nay of the King alone, 350, sq.;
Established Clergy have no profes-
sional education, 349, 451, 485;
Anglican Church holds Assurance,
but not its churchmen, 502; English
theology weak from want of philo-
sophy, and could not now be trusted
in the threatened polemic, 788.
Universities (see Universities); po-

pular education the worst in Chris-
tendom, 557.
Enthymeme. See Logic.
Eobanus. See Hessus.
Epistolæ Obscurorum Virorum: cha-
racter and authorship of this satire,
202-238; its authors three, 227; to
wit, Crotus 221, Hutten 221, and
Buschius 225; theories of its author-
ship, 219; contributed greatly to
the Reformation, 214, 215; mistakes
about, 217, 218; ill-edited by Muench,
231, sq.; and by Rotermund, 234.
Erasmus: unknown letters of, 214;
doubted the canonicity of the Apo-
calypse, 518; quoted, 216, 226,"et
pluries passim.

Eschenbach (Professor), his translation
of Collier's Clavis, 189.

Esdaile (Dr), his surgical operations
under Magnetic insensibility, 643.
"Evangelical Review (British and
Foreign"), an Edinburgh journal,
on the Genevese prohibitions touch-
ing preaching from the Apocalypse,
517, sq.

Examination as an academical exer-
cise, 767, sq.

Examinations for academical degrees:
in Louvain, 736, sq.; as an acade-
mical stimulus, in Oxford, 792, 812.
Exeter (Dr Philpotts, Bishop of), on
admission of Dissenters to the Eng-
lish Universities, 528, sq.
Existence, as a category of thought,
596, sq.

Experience all notions from, or em-
pirical, which we can think non-ex-
istent, 332, 333, 334, 596, 597, 609,
610.

Extension. See Space.
Extension, and Intension (or Compre-
hension), of notions.
See Logic.

FABER, Stapulensis, 666.
Faculty, of University, what, 490, et
alibi.

Faith, the ultimate foundation of
knowledge, 14, 619, sq.

Faith, true or saving: formerly, in
Protestantism, implied Assurance or
Special Faith, 502.

Fatalism convertible with Atheism,
618, 620, 623, 624.
Fiducia. See Assurance.
First and Second Notions or Inten-
tions, distinction of, 137.
Foreknowledge, &c. See Free-Will.
Formal and Material, distinction of.
See Logic.

Free Will of Man, the condition of all
Religion and Morality, 619, 620,

alibi; inconceivable, 619, sq., alibi;
its reconciliation with Foreknow-
ledge and Predestination to be be-
lieved, but not understood, 621, sq.;
this explicitly acknowledged and
proclaimed, by the best divines and
philosophers;-among the former,-
St Augustin 621, 622, 639, St Ber-
nard 622, Armachanus 639, Cajet-
anus 622, sq., 639, Ochinus 627,
Melanchthon and Stadianus 635,
Bossuet 637,-among the latter,
Boëthius 632, Valla 633, Descartes
636, Milton 627, Locke 637, Jacobi
638.

French Sensualist philosophy, 2, sq.
Fries: Astronomy and Fate, Psycho-
logy and Design, 310, 311.
Fromondus, his statement of a curious
theory of Perception, 50.
Fuelleborn, his error in regard to the
origin of the imaginary inscription
over Plato's school, 275.

GATTO (Sig. Lo), Italian translator of
these Philosophical Discussions, pas-
sim.
Gentlemen Commoners, in Oxford and
Cambridge, a collegial emolument,
but an academical nuisance, 810,
811.

Geometry. See Mathematics.

:

Germans character of, 202; rise of
classical studies among, 204; their
demoralisation after the Reforma-
tion, 506.
German :

-

- rational philosophy, 4;
universities, 375-377, 418-421; the
theology less orthodox than the phi-
losophy, 498; schools for the people,
561-591; strong interest in educa-
tion, shewn from the number of
works on that subject published in
Germany, 579.

Germany: a chair in a German Theo-

logical Faculty may be held by a
layman,-at least in the Protestant
Universities, 345.

God: known and unknown, 15, 631,
sq.; a certain analogy of Man to
God, 19, 20; known by ignorance,
631, sq.; to know God, we must
know ourselves, 696.

Goettingen, University of, 377.
Grace (Free), of God not to be held as
incompatible with the Free Will of
man. See Free Will.

Graduates, all have a right to lecture
publicly in the English Universities,
402, 457, sq.

Пpáμuara Eypaye, &c., history of, 667,

8q.

Gratius (Ortuinus), 225, 229.
Gregory (Dr James), quoted touching
Medical practice, 255, 256.
Grotius (Hugo), follows the Scaligers
in singing the wisdom of a Learned
Ignorance, 636.

HAMANN (George) quoted, 298, 307,
621.

Hampden (Bishop), his Aristotle's
Philosophy, 168.

Hare (Archdeacon): his counter criti-
cism, in defence of Luther, consider-
ed, 500-516; his knowledge of theo-
logy and of Luther's writings, with
the trustworthiness of his state-
ments and translations, ibi passim ;
his misapprehensions and misrepre-
sentations of Bossuet, 501, sq.; ig-
norant even of Anglican principles,
passim; attempts to defend Luther
only on a few points, and even on
these few has uniformly failed, 514,
et passim ; extra sample of his signal
unacquaintance with Church His-
tory, 515; sympathy of an "Evan-
gelical Reviewer," 516.
Harris (Mr, of Salisbury), 787.
Haywood (Mr Francis), 104.
Hegel: his doctrine of the Absolute,
21, 24; to him the Absolute equal
to the Nothing, 21; refutation of
and by Schelling, 24; his confusion
of Contradictories and Contraries,
ib.; on his philosophy, 633, 786.
Herminus, 669.

Hessus (Helius Eobanus): on, 228, 234,
sq.; why called King? 236, sq.;
verses of, 237, sq.

Hindoo Syllogism, 648.
Hispanus (Petrus), not a Plagiarist, 127.
Hoffmann (Frederic): on, 254, sq.;
the Fuge Medicos, &c., and scepti-
cism of that great physician touch-
ing Medicine and its practice, 253.
Huber (Professor), "The English Uni-
versities," character of that book,
551.

Hume: his opinion about mathemati-
cal truth mistaken by Dr Whewell,
270; despised mathematical study,
270, 312; quoted pluries.
Humility, the beginning and end of
true knowledge; reason and autho-
rity for, 620-624, 629-639, 765.
Hutten (Ulrich v.): on, 221, sq. See
Epistolæ O. V.

Hypostasis, term, 639.

Hypothesis, conditions of a legitimate,
63, sq.

Hypothetical. See Logic.

Hypothetical Realism, Hypothetical

Dualism, Cosmothetic Idealism, 56,
sq., 192.

IDEA, or representative object, 57; his-
tory of the word, 70; what in the
Platonic philosophy, 70; Idea am-
biguous in the Cartesian doctrine,
Descartes using it in his works both
for the material motion in the brain,
and for the mental modification, 72,
sq.; the Material Idea and the Sen-
sual Idea of the Wolfians, 73; Idea
in Locke's philosophy, 78, sq.
Idealism, its various degrees or species,

55, sq., 191, sq.; grounds of, 193;
why the Schoolmen, Malebranche,
and, in general, orthodox Catholics,
avoided this doctrine, 196, sq.
Ignorantia Docta Summa Sapientia,
37, 38, 629-639. Testimonies quoted
Anonymus 635, Arabian Sage 632,
Aristotle 630, 637, Armachanus 639,
Arnobius 631, Augustin 621, 622,631,
639, Boëthius 632, Bolingbroke 638,
Bossuet 637, Cajetanus 622, 639,
Chrysologus 632, Chrysostom 620,
632, Cicero 631, Cusa 633, Cyprian
632, Democritus 630, Descartes 636,
Grotius 636, Hamann 621, Jacobi
638, Locke 637, Maimonides 633,
Melanchthon 635, Milton 627, Oc-
hino 627, Origen 621, Palingenius
634, Pascal 637, St Paul 630, Pe-
trarch 633, Piccolomini (Æneas
Sylvius) 634, Pliny 631, Rabbis
633, Scaliger (Julius) 635, Scaliger
(Joseph) 636, Seneca 631, Socrates
630, Stadianus 635, Tertullian
631, 632, Theodoret 632, Valla
633. See Knowledge, Occult Causes.
Imagination. See Conception.
Impossible, the, (in Propositions) de-
fined, 701.

:

Induction that this method, espe-
cially applied to physical objects,
equalises talents, acknowledged by
Bacon, 819. See Logic.
Infinite, the: (see Unconditioned); what
properly, 12, 13, 21; verses on, 37.
Inglis (Sir Robert Harry), on admis-
sion of Dissenters to English Univer-
sities, 526, sq.

Intellectual Intuition: 6; by Plotinus,
12; of Schelling, 20; in Cusa, 634.
Intension, or Degree, as a condition of
thought, 602, sq.

Intension and Extension of notions.
See Logic.

Intuitive (or Presentative) and Repre-
sentative Knowledge, 52, sq.
Irish, their scholastic pugnacity, bar-
barism, and acuteness, 6.

Isis, inscription on her fane, 22.
Italian Universities, their religious
liberality in calling Protestants of
learning to their chairs, 369, 374, 375.

JACOBI, noble passage of, on Provi
dence and Fate, 309; on moral Li-
berty, its incomprehensibility, 638;
quoted pluries.

Jenkyns (Very Rev. Dr), as Master of
Balliol, 750.

Johnson (Rev. Arthur) translation of
Tennemann's Manual, 99-116.

Jonas (Justus), 216, 221, 226.
Judgment involved in Consciousness,
603.

Judgments. See Logic.

KANT: his philosophy, 5, 628; his
doctrine of the Unconditioned, 15;
his Categories, 16, 27, 144; neces-
sity of so thinking, his criterion of
native or à priori notions and judg
ments, 270; but did not observe,
that this necessity might be either
positive or negative, from either a
power or an impotence, 14, 15, 596,
628; against Common Sense, 93;
his Logical purism, 144; sublime
passage from, contrasting the Moral
Law and the Stellar Universe, 308;
on, 786, sq.

Karslake (Mr), 126.

Kempis (Thomas à): mediately, the

restorer of classical studies in Ger-
many, 205; certain author of the
"De Imitatione Christi," 238.
Knowledge: ultimately founded on
Faith or Belief, 14, 619, sq.; does
it imply an analogy of Subject and
Object? 61; of Mind and of Matter
is only phænomenal or relative, 639.
Testimonies for this relativity
Albertus Magnus, Aristotle, Aver-
roes, Augustin, Bacon, Boëthius,
Bruno, Campanella, Gerson, Kant,
Leo Hebræus, Melanchthon, New-
ton (Sir Isaac), Picolomini (F.), Pro-
tagoras, Scaliger (J. C.), Spinoza,
640-642. See Ignorantia Docta,
Occult Causes.
Knowledge, conceit of, the negation
of progress, 765.

LAMBERT, his Syllogistic, 651, 702.
Law: how far its study supposes classi-
cal scholarship, 340, sq.; proposed
Practicum for, 771.

Learned Ignorance. See Ignorantia
Docta.

Learning, conceit of. See Knowledge,
&c.

Leibnitz, quoted passim, and 270, 596.
Lening (John), his character, 507,508.
Leyden, University of, 370-375.
Liberty, moral, doctrine of, 618, sq.
Locke, his advice to William III. to
reform the Universities, 467; pas-
sage on the Creation of Matter, ex-
plained, 199, 200; acknowledgment
touching Liberty and Foreknow-
ledge, 637. See Perception.
Logic its fortune in Scotland, 118;
in Cambridge, 121; in Oxford, 122,
sq.; in Dublin, 122; History of, 138;
what? 129; its derivation, 136 ;
Abstract, Concrete, 133; a Formal
science, defined "Science of the
Formal Laws of Thought," 135,
137, 138, 144; Pure and Applied,
139, alibi.

a) Notions, Simple Terms :-First
and Second Notions, 137, 138. Cate-
gories of Aristotle, not a logical dis-
tribution, 140. Breadth or Exten-
sion, and Depth or Intension or
Comprehension, 170, sq., 692, sq.
Table of, 694.

b) Judgments, Propositions :—
Eight forms of, 162, 682, sq. Quan-
tification of the Predicate, 160, 162,
599. Comprehension or Depth, and
Extension or Breadth, 692, sq.; re-
markable omission of this distinc-
tion, 170. Affirmation and Negation,
counter procedure of, 675, sq., 694;
Particularity twofold, of Indefinite
Definitude, and of Definite Indefini-
tude, 686, sq. Tables of these rela-
tions, 683, 688.

c) Reasonings, Syllogisms:-All
logical inference hypothetical, 144;
but all mediate inference categorical,
648, 652; our Hypothetical syllo-
gisms not those of Aristotle, 149, 150;
only of immediate inference, 150,
648, 652; Categorical, what the dif-
ferent meanings of the term, 151;
Author's one Canon of Syllogism,
647, 650, sq.; this thorough-going,
without exceptions, 651, alibi; Dia-
grams of Syllogism, 654, 664, 665;
on their history, 666, sq.; Analytical
and Synthetical, what, 648, sq.;
Major and Minor, in Terms and Pro-
positions, 647, 662, sq.; objection
of Petitio Principii does not apply
to the Analytical Syllogism, there-
fore not to any, 648; Figured and
Unfigured, what, 649, sq.; Philoso-
phy of Figure, who first speculated
on, 663; Argument, what properly,
147; Fourth Figure shewn to be null,
and on a new principle, 658, sq.;

mnemonic verses and words for
Moods and Figures, 663, 668; his-
tory of these, 667, sq.; Ultratotal
Quantification of the middle term,
703; Order of Premises, wholly
arbitrary, 657, 671, 696; prevalent
error regarding, ib.; Enthymeme,
what vulgarly, and what to Aristotle,
&c., 152, sq.; Deduction, logical,
159, sq.; Induction, logical, its true
nature, 156-173.

d) Propositions and Syllogisms :-
Modality of, Extra-logical, or only of
an Applied Logic, 140, 144, sq., 157,
700, sq.; what allowable, 146, 700;
Modes, table of, as genera and spe-
cies, 701; Hypothetical propositions
and syllogisms, what and how to be
divided, 149; Quantification of the
Predicate in propositions and syllo-
gisms, 160, 162, 690, sq.; on this, as
the foundation of a new Analytic,
646-653, 659-662; Notations, logical,
651, 653, 654, sq., 683; should, if
competent, be able to exhibit the
thirty-six moods, by thirty-six seve-
ral diagrams, 653.

e) Authors relative to Logic, in
alphabetical order:-Agellius 155,
Agricola 153, Aldrich 124, 138, 148,
Alexander (of Aphrodisias) 141, 142,
144, 154, 155, 659, 670, St Ambrose
126, Ammonius (Hermia) 142, 154,
155, 663, 667, 670, Anonymus
Græcus de Syllogismis 154, 670, Ap-
sines 155, Apuleius 151, 660, 696,
sq., Archytas 138, Aristo Chius 125,
Aristotle 124, 133, 136, 139, sq.,
149, 152, 165, sq., 170, 662, sq.,
Averroes 133, 660, 670, Bacon (Lord)
143, Balfour (Robert) 120, Baynes
162, 647, 653, Becmanus 153, Ben-
tham 126, 130, 131, Blemmidas,
(Nicephorus) 127, 668, 669, Boëthius
142, 150, 151, 155, 165, 671, Browne
(Sir Thomas) 157, Buffier 132, Cam-
ariota (Matthæus) 155, Cardanus
151, 156, Cassiodorus 151, 155, Chal-
mers or Camerarius (William) 121,
Chretien 126, Cicero 155, Corni-
ficius 155, Corydaleus 153, Cracken-
thorpe 148, Cusa (Cardinal) 126,
Demetrius (Phalerius) 155, De Mor-
gan 672, sq., Dempster (Thomas)
120, Dionysius (of Halicarnassus)
155, Downam (Bishop) 121, 668,
Duncan (Mark) 120, 121, 132, Dun-
can (William) 121, Dupleix 120,
Ehinger 127, 669, 670, Epicurus 648,
Erasmus 119, Eudemus 142, Eugenios
(Bulgaris) 669, Faber (Joannes Stap-
ulensis) 666, Facciolati 153, Fortun