any other Inftruction, learn to form the five Orders, and find the Quantity of their feveral Parts, with every particular Ornament belonging to the fame; as alfo thoroughly acquaint himself with whatever is neceffary to be known in Architecture, fo far as regards the proper and exact Difpofition of the Parts of all perfectly fine Buildings, or to the Order, Symetry and Beauty of every truly magnificent Structure.

Let me add, with refpect to this excellent Inftrument, whereby fo many valuable Problems are refolved, that it is capable of receiving Scales, not only for Architecture, but alfo for Geometry, Dialling, Arithmetick, and Mufick; the manner of applying it to all which may be immediately gathered from the Directions concerning the Use of it, with relation to the Subject of this Treatife; whereof it may fuffice to give the following general Account.

The Author, after a fhort Defcription of the Fabrick and Divifion of the Parts belonging to this Inftrument, fhews, in XLIX Operations, how to delineate all the Parts of the different Orders in Architecture, by means of it, with greater Facility than can be effected by any other Method whatsoever.

He begins with the Tuscan, that being the firft, fimpleft, and moft eafy; by the Example of which any one may readily comprehend how to form the other Orders. What he teaches us with refpect to this is, to form Colonades and Arches with and without Pedestals, to form Doors, Niches, Bafements, the Entablature and the Cornices of Doors,

In the Dorick Order, which has a great Affinity with the foregoing, differing in nothing but the Lines, he inftructs us how to place Doors within Colonades and Arches, with and without Pedestals; how to difpofe them in plain Fronts, and make them proportional to Niches. We have here likewise an useful Obfervation upon the Cornice in the Entablature of this Order, and a Method by any Cornice to form another greater or less, in one given Proportion.

In the Ionick Order, he fhews how Niches are to be placed

placed within Colonades and Arches, with or without
Pedestals, on each Side of Doors, and in plain
Fronts; with fome proper Remarks in regard of the
Basements, and of the Capital in the Ionick Entabla-
ture, with Directions to form the Orders with their
Members of any required Dimensions.

Having taught us how to form the Orders, and
place Doors, Niches and Windows within Colonades
and Arches; to render the Work yet more ferviceable,
our Author proceeds to inform us, how to measure
them by the Inftrument, know the Quantity of their
feveral Parts, and place them in great Building. All
this is exemplified in the Compofite Order; in treating
of which he furnishes us with divers Methods of
Menfuration, and propofes fome neceffary Cautions
relating to them: He directs us how to vary the
Members, either for Beauty or to leffen Expence,
and place the Parts of one Order in another; like-
wife in what Manner thofe Members are to be made
proportional to the Parts of the Orders wherein they
are to be placed, and finally to take away from a
Profile any one of its Members, and enlarge the
others proportionably: This laft Article is preceded
by an Obfervation upon the Capital in the Compofite
Entablature.

When we come to thofe Plates whereon the Corin-
thian Order is delineated, our Author lays down a
Variety of Inftructions for placing the Orders the one
upon the other, for forming them by any given Ra-
tio's, for making a Capital or Bafe fuitable to any
given Column that wants either, and, vice versa, for
adjusting a Column to any given Capital; with other
Problems of a like Nature, equally requifite to the
Perfection of the Art here infifted on.

The Work concludes with feveral neceffary Rules for
the particular Ornaments of the Orders, as fluting the
Columns, turning the Voluta and Scrolls, fhewing how
the latter are to be applied to the Cornices, and alfo how
Balufters and Colonets are to be gracefully fhaped.
There are fifty Folio Copper-Plates in this Volume:
ARTICLE

ARTICLE III.

A LETTER to Dr. Pemberton, from the Author of the Queries propofed to him in September and November.

SIR,

S

you

As had done me the Honour, tho' an anony

mous Writer, to return fome Answer to the Queries I propofed to you in September laft, I flatter'd myself with the Hopes you would have fhewn the fame Regard to those I laid before you in November; and the rather, for that fomething of a Reply to these last feemed indifpenfably neceffary, in order to clear you from the Sufpicion of wilful and premeditated falfe Quotation; a thing, you know, which is not only a fhrewd Sign of a bad Cause, but a certain Proof of a bad Mind.

Had you been pleased to gratify this Expectation, I fhould have thought it incumbent on me, as a Friend to Truth and Plain-dealing, either to declare myfelf fully fatisfy'd with your Reply, or, in cafe it were infufficient and wanted any farther Explanation, to have given you the Trouble of a few more Queries.

But, by your late Advertisement, finding myself utterly disappointed in these Hopes, I intend not to importune you any farther, but shall for the future be as filent as Philalethes. In this Condition you cannot, fure, be fo ungenerous as to infult me. You fee plainly my Silence, as well as his, is only conditional. I fhall be filent, UNLESS you answer my Queries; he, UNLESS you explain the Lemma. You know how to open both our Mouths whenever you think fit.

But, as the answering my Queries may be fomething difficult, and to explain the Lemma otherwise than he has done, is, you know, utterly impoffible, I take it for granted our Correspondence is at an end. I have therefore nothing more to fay, but to congratulate you upon this new Method you have in

vented, of putting all Adverfaries undoubtedly to Silence, by being filent yourself, in regard to the Point in which the Effence of the Controverfy confifts, upon this Parthian Manner of routing the Enemy by running away from him.

This, Sir, does you no lefs Honour than the fingular and furprifing Argument you have invented to juftify your Method of Quotation: A Reafon unthought of by the ableft Controverfial Writers of all Ages, paft or prefent. How would fome Perfons we have known, have hugg'd themfelves, had they but thought of fuch a Reafon! What Advantage would it not have given them over a B-t, or a C----ke, a H-----y, or a L----ck? They might then have been at full liberty to quote the Words of their Antagonists by piece-meal, in order to give them a Meaning the Writer never thought of, and to fupprefs fuch other Words as muft have fhown the real Meaning of what were quoted, fuch Words as, in your Phrafe, had Power to metamorphofe the false Propofition, they cenfured, into a true one: had they on this Account been charged with foul Play, it was only faying, I left out fuch Words, because I looked upon them as fubjoined by way of Interpretation, and all Mankind muft have been fatisfied. After an Answer

fo abundantly fufficient, they might fairly have faid with you, it feems fo express and full, that to attempt any farther Explanation of it would be no less than an Affront to the Understanding of every Reader.

But amidst all these Commendations, which you fo highly deserve, and I. as freely bestow, I must take the Liberty to acquaint you with one or two Particulars, in your late Advertisement, which I a little miflike..

You seem to have forgot the Purpose of your Writing, which, you fay, is fully accomplished. Was it to put Philalethes to Silence? Or, to make Sir Ifaac Newton's Doctrine be clearly underflood, and freed from Objections as Speedily as poffible? Philalethes, you know, made no Objections.

Alfo

Alfo you, who are defervedly looked upon as a Cenfor Morum to other Writers, fhould, methinks, have abftain'd from fuch unpolish'd Terms, as Cavils, groundless Confidence, trifling Altercation, and efpecially from fo coarse a Word as Nonfenfe. This laft, I need not tell you, feems to bear a little hard upon Sir Ifaac Newton. Once before, out of the Refpect due from you to his Memory, a fofter Phrase was used, unguarded Words. Unguarded, tho' at the fame time the wary old Knight cry'd out, Cave. But whether Nonfenfe, or unguarded Words, I must acquaint you, Perfons of clearer Heads differ from you in that Particular.

You fay likewife, I ftill think thofe Answers fo exprefs and full, &c. How, Sir? STILL? What after you have read my laft Queries? In this, the Opinion I have of your Understanding makes me almost doubt of your Sincerity; and I am afraid, thofe, who are perfuaded of your Sincerity, will be apt to queftion your Understanding. I am,

SIR,

Your very humble Servant,

The Author of the Queries.

ARTICLE IV.

fome very

Lately mentioned a Difpute upon abstruse Subjects, carried on by an Epiftolary Intercourse between the Rev. Mr. Jackfon and William Dudgeon a Gentleman in Berkshire. The Letters of both were printed together a few Months ago, for John and Paul Knapton, at the Crown in Ludgate-street, in an Octavo Pamphlet. Since then a fecond Collection has been publish'd in the fame Size, by the fame Bookfellers. As I am apt to believe the Controverfy is come to an Iffue, I fhall now prefent the fpeculative Reader with a Summary of it. In general it concerns the Immenfity and Unity of God; the Exiftence of material and spiritual Subftance; God's mo

ral