PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. THIS manual has been revised throughout and considerably enlarged. A historical account of the germ theory has been added to the introductory chapter. Since the last edition several micro-organisms have been more closely studied, and fresh discoveries have been made. The author would draw attention to the tetanus bacillus, and to the cultivation of the tubercle bacillus on glycerine agar-agar. The alleged discovery of the contagium of scarlet fever led to an animated discussion and to a more thorough acquaintance with the morphology and cultural characters of Streptococcus pyogenes. The fungus Actinomyces and the Hæmatozoa of malaria have been more fully investigated, and a detailed description, illustrated with coloured plates and wood engravings, will be found in the Appendix. The author trusts that this manual will continue to be of use to students and practitioners in both the medical and veterinary professions. For references to recent literature, the author again takes the opportunity of calling attention to Professor Baumgarten's invaluable annual. EDGAR M. CROOKSHANK. 24, MANCHESTER SQUARE, LONDON, W. October 28th, 1890. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. THE fact that a new edition of this manual was called for a few months after its publication, has induced the author to extend its scope in the hope of adding to its usefulness. The work has not only been revised throughout and brought up to date, but, in order to admit of a more concise arrangement of the species, the Systematic part has been recast. Additional chapters have been written upon the General Morphology and Physiology of Bacteria, upon Antiseptics and Disinfectants, and Immunity. Seventy-three illustrations have been added. Those not duly acknowledged as coming from other sources were drawn on the wood by the author from his own preparations. A list of references to works on Bacteriology, which was not ready for the first edition, has now been completed and extended. It has no pretension to be a complete bibliography, but being arranged as much as possible in accordance with the chapters, and in chronological order, may be useful to those seeking further details. No doubt Professor Baumgarten's Jahresbericht, the first number of which has been issued this year, will be found a valuable guide to current literature in the future. The author desires again to to express his acknowledgments to Professor Gerald Yeo and Mr. Herroun, of King's College, London. EDGAR M. CROOKSHANK. 24, MANCHESTER SQUARE, W. December, 1886. CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION. THE GERM THEORY PART I. GENERAL METHODS. CHAPTER I. APPARATUS, MATERIAL, AND REAGENTS EMPLOYED PAGE I 23 a. Histological apparatus 23 b. Reagents and materials employed in the processes of hardening, decalcifying, embedding, fixing, and cutting of tissues. 25 c. Reagents for examining and staining microscopical preparations d. Reagents for mounting and preserving preparations 27 34 34 f. Sterilisation apparatus 36 e. Drawing and photographic apparatus g. Apparatus and material for preparing and storing nutrient gelatine and nutrient agar-agar h. Apparatus for employment of nutrient jelly in test-tube and platecultivations i. Apparatus for preparation of potato-cultivations j. Apparatus for preparation of solidified sterile blood serum k. Apparatus for storing, and for cultivations in, liquid media m. Inoculating and dissecting instruments and apparatus in common use n. General laboratory requisites |