which the neighbouring river Hull abounded. In the early part of the eighth century, a church was founded here by John, Archbishop of York, who afterwards converted it into a monastery. Athelstan changed it from a monastery into a college. Various important privileges were conferred upon the town by the same monarch. During the great civil wars, Beverley was frequently the scene of agitation; and it was here that Sir John Hotham, who had represented the town in several successive parliaments, was arrested by his nephew, on his flight from Hull as a traitor to the commonwealth. The present trade of Beverley is chiefly confined to tanned leather, oatmeal, malt, corn, and coal. The town communicates with the river Hull by a canal, called Beverley Beck. The finest object in Beverley is the superb collegiate church of St John, adorned with several monuments of the Earls of Northumberland. This edifice has been built at different periods, and exhibits various styles of Gothic architecture. The principal window, at the east end, is said to be copied from that of York. The celebrated Percy-Shrine, which is within the choir, is of most exquisite workmanship. St Mary's Church is also an exceedingly handsome and spacious Gothic building. There were formerly two other churches in Beverley, but they now no longer exist. In ancient times, there was also a monastery of Blackfriars, another of Franciscans or Grayfriars, and an establishment of knights hospitallers. Beverley has a grammar-school of great antiquity, several meeting-houses, two hospitals, several schools, a house of correction, &c. Bishops Alcock, Fisher, and Green, were natives of this place. Beverley returns 2 M. P Pop. 8730.

SCARBOROUGH is delightfully situated in the recess of a bay, whence it rises in the form of an amphitheatre to the summit of a cliff or scar. Its name, sig nifying a fortified rock, is of Saxon derivation; and there is reason to suppose that it was also a Roman settlement. It ranks among the most ancient boroughs which send members to Parliament. The town was in ancient times defended by strong walls, a moat, and earthen mound. The castle, which stands on a promontory, elevated more than 300 feet above the level of the sea, was built in the reign of King Stephen by William le Gros, Earl of Albemarle and Holderness, and has been the scene of many events remarkable in history. Here, Piers de Gaveston sought refuge from his enemies; but, being obliged to surrender, was beheaded by them. During the civil wars, the castle underwent two sieges by the Parliamentary forces; the first of which lasted twelve months, the garrison having at length been compelled, by disease and famine, to surrender on honourable terms. It was afterwards dismantled by order of the Parliament, but underwent a temporary repair on the breaking out of the Rebellion in 1745, and is still occupied by a small garrison, who are accommodated in barracks of modern erection. Scarborough combines the advantages of seabathing and of mineral-baths, and its neighbourhood presents a course of the finest sand in the kingdom. The two mineral springs are on the very edge of the sea-water, and are found to contain carbonate and sulphate of lime, magnesia, and oxide of iron. There are also excellent baths, and the most com

plete accommodation for the enjoyment of sea-bathing. Scarborough possesses a theatre, an assembly-room, two churches, several meeting-houses, libraries, &c., and a remarkable bridge, erected upon piers 75 feet high, over a chasm 400 feet wide, which separates the town from the spa. The scenery in the neighbourhood of the town is of a beautiful and romantic character. One mile distant is Oliver's Mount, commanding a delightful view; and about four miles from Scarborough is the picturesque village of Hackness, where also is Hackness Hall, (Sir J. V. B. Johnstone, Bart. M. P.) a noble mansion near the supposed site of St Hilda's Cell. Scarborough returns 2 M. P. Pop. 10,060.

WHITBY was originally the seat of an abbey, founded by Oswy, King of Northumberland, in the seventh century, which having been destroyed by the Danes, was rebuilt after the conquest in a style of great magnificence. In 1540, Whitby was only a small fishing-town, containing about thirty or forty houses. The erection of the alum-works at Sands End, in the year 1615, contributed greatly to its prosperity. The town is built along the sloping banks of the Esk, which forms the harbour, and divides the town into two parts, connected by a draw-bridge, so constructed as to admit vessels of 500 tons burden. The principal objects worthy of notice are the venerable remains of the Abbey Church, situated on a high cliff commanding a fine view; the docks, extending along both sides of the river; the piers, the town-house, baths, library, museum, &c. The church stands near the top of a hill, and is approached from the bottom of the vale by 190 stone steps. It contains several monuments of the Cholmeley family, and the tomb of General Lascelles, a native of Whitby, who was killed at Prestonpans. Whitby carries on an extensive trade in alum and coals, and also in ship-building. The vicinity abounds in beautiful and romantic scenery. Three miles distant is Mulgrave Castle, the seat of the Marquis of Normanby. There is a railroad from Whitby to Pickering, distant twenty-four miles. 1 M. P. Pop. 7383.

CXX. LONDON TO MARKET HARBOROUGH THROUGH NEWPORT PAGNELL, OLNEY, WELLINGBOROUGH, AND KETTERING, 854 Miles.

114 KETTERING, (p. 306.) 74

CXXII. LONDON TO HIGHAM FERRERS THROUGH KIMBOLTON, 714 Miles.

Garraby Street Inn. 211