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Price 1 dol. bound. Newburgh, New-York. INTELLIGENCE. Mr. Allen B. Magruder, late of Kentucky, has for fome time past been collecting materials for a General History of the Indians of North America-their Numbers, Wars,&c. for which purpose he has requested the affiftance of thofe gen tlemen whofe fituations in life have been fuch as to render them acquainted with Indian affairs. Mr. Magruder now holds an appointment under the government of the United States at New Orleans; and in confequence of his be ing neceffarily abfent from Kentucky, he authorized the Editor of the Kentucky Gazette to receive all communications on the aforementioned fubject. This Editor introduces an extract from one of thefe documents in the following manner. ed-the Indians had one man killed and twä wounded. The Indians that fought the troops under the command of Col. Harden, in the Mia * Since the departure of Mr. Magruder mi town, were the 300 above mentioned, comfrom this place, a communication was inclofed to the editor for him, from which the following is extracted. Some parts of the communication will, doubtless, be considered interesting. The French were the first nation of white people that ever were known among the NorthWestern Indians. When the British and French commenced a war againft each other in North America, the North-Western Indians joined the French, and of the Six Nations joined the British. My knowledge of the actions that were fought between them, is derived from the old Indians, that I have converfed with on that fubject, and is not to be relied on. After the British got poffeffion of this country from the French, a Tawway chief, by the name of Potacock, renewed the war against the British, and took all the potts that were occupied by them on the lakes and their waters, in one day, (Detroit excepted,) by ftratagem. After this, in 1774,the war broke out between the North-Western Indians and the Whites. The principal action that was fought between the parties, was at the mouth of, the Great Kanhaway-there were 300 Shawanees and Delawares, and a few Miammies, Wy andots and Mingoes, commanded by the celebrated Shawanee chief, called Comftock. This was the war that ended at the treaty of Greenville. Although at different times, individual nations would treat, or pretend to do fo, with the Americans; it was only a temporary thing; for it fre quently happened, that while a party of Indians were treating with the Whites, fome of their own people would be killing the very people that their own chiefs were treating with. The Indians that opposed general Sullivan were the combined forces of the fix nations. Their numbers and by whom commanded, I do not know. The Indians that defeated general Crawford at Sandusky, were the Wyandots,Delawares, Shawanees, and a few of the fix nations, or Senacas-Powtowottomics and Ottoways, faid to be 800 in number. I never heard who commanded them. As the Indians always keep the number of their killed and wounded as much a fecret as poffible, I fhall not undertake to fay what numbers were killed and wounded at either of the actions above mentioned. Bowman's campaign was against the Shawances on the Little Miami River. I am not acquainted with any of the particulars of the action that took place between him and thofe Indians; alfo my knowledge of the different campaigns carried againft the Shawanees, on Mad River and Big Miami, by general Clarke, is not to be depended on. When gencral Harmar arrived at the Miami Town, he fent Col. John Harden in fearch of the Indians, with a body of men, when he met 300 Miamies, on the head of Eel River, commanded by the celebrated Miami chief, the Little Turtle -an action took place-the whites were defeat manded by the fame chief. Alfo a body of 500 Indians, compofed of Shawanees, Delawares, Chippeways, Pottowotomies and Ottoways-the Shawanees commanded by their own chief, Blue Jacket; the Delawares by Buckingeheles; the Ottoways and Chippeways, by Agafhewah, an Ottoway chief. The Indians fay they had 15 killed, and 25 wounded. Genera! Scott's campaign was against the Weas Town on the Wabash, where he met with little or no oppofition; as the warriors of the Weas expected that Geneeral Scott was going against the Miami Town, and had all left their own village to meet him. At that place 8 men and z women were killed by the troops under Gen. Scott. At the Weas, the number of women and children he took prifoners, I do not remember. Gen. Wilkinson's campaign was against the Eel River Town, where there were but a few women and children, and ten old men and three young ones, who made no defence. Four men were killed, with one woman. The number of women and children taken, I do not recollect. In the autumn of 1790 an army of Indians, compofed of Miammies, Delawares, Shawanees, and a few Pottowottomies, 300 in number, commanded by the Little Turtle, attacked Dunlap's Station, on the Big Miammi River. This poít was commanded by lieutenant Kingsbury. The Indians had 10 killed, and the fame number wounded. There were 1133 Indians that defeated Gen. St. Clair, in 1791. 'The number of different tribes is not remembered. It was compofed of Miammies, Fottowottomies, Ortowies, Chippe ways, Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanees, and a few Mingoes and Cherokees. Each nation was commanded by their own chief, all of whom appeared to be governed by the Little Turtle, who made the arrangement for the actions, and commenced the attack with the Miammies, who were under his immediate command. They had 30 killed, and died with their wounds, the day of the action, and it is believed 50 wounded. In the autumn of 1792 an army of 300 Indians, under the command of the Little Turtle, compofed of Miammies, Delawares, Shawanees, and a few Pottowottomies, attacked Col. John Adair, under the walls of Fort St. Clair, where they had two men killed. The 30th June, 1794, an army of 1450 In dians, compofed of Ottoways, Chippeways, Miammies and Wyandots, Fottowottomies, Shawa. nees, Delawares, with a number of French and other white men, in the British intereft, attacked Fort Recovery. The Indians were commanded by the Bear chief, an Ottoway. The white men, attached to the Indian army, it is faid, were commanded by Elliot and M'Kee, both British officers. The garrison was commanded by captain Gibson, of the 4th fublegion. The Indians have told me repeatedly, that they had between 40 and 50 killed, and upwards of 100 wounded ; a number of whom died. This was the feverett blow I ever knew the Indians to receive from prevalent disorder has been a mild the Whites. The Indians that fought Gen. Wayne the 20th of August, 1794, were an army of 800, made up of Wyandots, Chippeways, Ottoways, Delawares, Shawances, Miammies and Pottowottomies, with The a number of white traders from Detroit. Indians were governed by British influence, and had no commander of their own; confequently they made but little refiftance. It is faid they had 20 killed and 15 wounded. This battle was 'what may be called the finifhing blow; as no action of confequence has taken place between the Whites and Indians fince that time. There was no feparate caufe for each campaign of the Indians againft the Whites. The typhoid fever. A few cases of cynanche maligna have appeared. Vaccination under the hands of the Boston physicians has flourished uncommonly during this month and the two preceding. From the data we can obtain, it seems proable that never before had there been so great a number of cases, during the same space of time. No accident has occurred to impede war that began in 1774, which was caufed by the progress of this practice. the ill treatment the Indians received from the Whites, on the frontiers of the white fettlement, was continued by the Indians, owing to the great influence the British had among them. This in Auence was kept up by the large fupplies of arms and ammunition the Indians received from the British government every year. From this it is evident, that if the United States had have got ten poffeffion of the pofts on the lakes, that the British government had agreed to deliver up to them in 1783, there would have been no Indian war after that time. We would however hint the necessity of constant watchfulness, lest any imperfect cases should escape attention. Statement of Diseases, from June 20 to July 20. THE winds of the month past have been principally from the westward. The south-west has prevailed most next, the northwest; and the pure west more Statement of Diseases, from May than usual. Many small showers 20 to June 20. THE close of May was remarkable for a cloudless atmosphere, and regular east winds. Vegetation began to suffer from want of moisture. June commenced with pleasant showers, which have since fallen every few days, though not in sufficient abundance to saturate the soil. The winds have been almost equally from the south-west and east, and sometimes from the north-east and north-west. No remarkable atmospherick phenomena succeeded the eclipse on the 16th, unless that the winds have been rather more violent than ordinary. The month of June is commonly considered here to be the healthiest month of the year; and the present has so well verified that opinion, as that we have scarcely any disease to record; for the only of rain have fallen; and the temperature of the atmosphere has been for the most part moderate. Derangements of the stomach and intestines have been more common than any other complaints. They have generally appeared with the symptoms of colick, and yielded readily to medicine. Some of them have been more obstinate, and seemed to produce, or at least to precede, an invasion of fever. This last, of which there has been a number of cases, was of a mild character. A very few instances of typhus gravior have occurred. This is the moment which demands the vigilance of the police to prevent, as far as their powers can do so, the generation or introduction of malignant diseases. Some instances of acute rheumatism have been seen this month. Many cases of vaccination exist in Boston. THE MONTHLY ANTHOLOGY. AUGUST, 1806. GENTLEMEN, NATURAL HISTORY. To the Editors of the Monthly Anthology. I OBSERVED in your publication, some months ago, a description of the falls of Niagara. Of the view of that wonderful cataract, more justly than of a perusal of Homer or of Milton, may it be said, decies repetita placebit. If therefore you think a second picture worth look. ing at, you may publish the following. But that you might not turn with disgust, as from an old subject, I have transcribed from my journal an account of two other curiosities in the remote part of New-York. Aug. 25. We had from our host at Onondaga a very copious description of the salt springs, distant only six miles from the Western turnpike, and, altho' the road was unpleasant, we did not regret following his advice to visit them. These springs are on the border of Onondaga lake, and at present above its level; but they are sometimes covered with the fresh water of the lake. Yet the works are not often retarded by the freshes, as the specifick gravity and strong saline virtue is not diminished, unless the wind blows very hard. We know, that in rivers, as the tide rises, the fresh water often floats above. These springs may perhaps be found in any part of Vol. III. No. 8. 3B the marsh, but there are only six pits sunk. From these are made ninety-two thousand bushels of salt yearly, that pay a duty of four of the soil is claimed by the state; cents per bushel, as the propriety quantity is carried off, without satbut we may suppose, that no small isfying that trifling requisition. Almost every thing here is conducted without system; for the government of the state will dispose of the soil only in leases, never exceeding seven years. This may indeed prevent monopoly ; but it also restrains the employment of capital, and diminishes the utility of the gift of nature. The water is raised from the pits by pumps, which have heretofore been worked by men; but this year has so far enlightened the overseers, as to induce them to construct machinery for raising the water to be moved by a horse. From these pumps spouts run to the boiling houses on the bank, about seven or eight feet above the marsh; but as the wood in the immediate vicinity is nearly exhausted, an aqueduct carries this precious fluid two miles along the borders of this fresh water lake. We were told that no Glauber salts could be obtained from the water; but this is the fault of the |