352

LIBRUM POSCERE.

INSPEXI. CUI.

III 42-

scholars' ordered that it should be read publicly in St Peter's ad vincula. A great crowd of 'religious' and lay folk came together: atque eodem Aratore recitante distinctis diebus ambo libri quattuor vicibus sunt auditi, cum unius medietas libri tantummodo legeretur, propter repetitiones assiduas, quas cum favore multiplici postulabant. The 4 days (in April and May) are specified. Plin. ep. v 10 (11) § 3 (to Suetonius) patere me videre titulum tuum, patere audire describi legi venire volumina Tranquilli mei. VII 4 § 9 (of a volume of his own hendecasyllables) legitur describitur etiam et a Graecis quoque, quos latine huius libelli amor docuit, nunc cithara nunc lyra personatur. Ix 1 § 2 quamvis enim legeris multis legendosque dederis. 25 § 2 lusus et ineptias nostras legis amas flagitas.

III 43 Tac. XI 13 of Claudius: lege lata saevitiam creditorum coercuit, ne in mortem parentum filiis familiarum faenori darent. cf. Suet. Vesp. 11. dig. XIV 6 1 pr. inst. IV 7 § 7 saepe onerati aere alieno creditarum pecuniarum, quas in luxuriam consumebant, vitae parentum insidiabantur. Sen. n. q. III 18 § 6 nemo videre mortem patris sui sustinet, quam optavit. 45 INSPEXI Lamprid. Heliog. 8 § 2 cum inspiceret exta puerilia. Julian (Amm. XXII 1 § 1) consulted entrails and birds with doubtful response. § 2 eique tandem haruspicinae peritus Aprunculus Gallus • nuntiavit eventus inspectu iecoris, ut ipse aiebat, praedoctus. Mühlmann inspicio col. 1131 n. 2 pr.

orator

46 NORUNT Stanley and Markland ms. norint, with the inferior mss. cf. Cic. Tusc. II § 42 sitne igitur malum dolere necne, Stoici viderint. 48 MANCUS of the hand dig. in lexx. EXSTINCTAE DEXTRAE on the gen. see Plin. ep. 1 5 § 8 n. Plaut. Men. 100 Brix ipsus escae maxu. Plin. h. n. vIII § 71 rhinoceros unius in nare cornus,

mae.

49 CUI a pyrrich as in the sapphic line Sen. Tro: 855 mittat et donet cuicumque terrae. Markland ‘cui notatur ut disyllabon. et quare non, cui et cui, ut mihi et mi? vetus et verus nominativus erat cuis, ut opinor. quae noto, ut inde quaeratur de loco desperato Hor. c. 1 32 14 ad lyran: o laborum | dulce lenimen, mihi cumque salve | rite vocanti:ut, inquam, quaeratur an legi possit, cuïcumque salve | rite vocanti.'

50 11 61 tu nube atque tace, donant arcana cylindros. Aen. XII 666-7 aestuat ingens | uno in corde pudor mixtoque insania luctu. Pers. III 43.

51 NIL TIBI SE DEBERE PUTAT cet. I 75 76 n. Mart. vI 50 1-4 cum coleret puros nuper Telesinus amicos, | errabat gelida sordidus in togula. | obscenos ex quo coepit curare cinaedos, | argentum mensas praedia solus emit. Ix 83 3 4 multum oculi, sed plus aures debere fatentur | se tibi, quod spectant qui recitare solent. GRANG.

54 Bücheler (Rhein. Mus. xxix 1874 637) 'miror inprudentiam poetae si summas divitias ante oculos positurus ab aureis fluminibus Tagi avertit nos in umbras ac silvas, nec opaci omnis harena Tagi ipsum scripsisse arbitror sed opimi, quemadmodum aurea a Martiale vocatur divitis unda Tagi (x 16 4). saepe autem librarii in versuum clausulis vocabula similiter incipientia ac diverse desinentia permutarunt (cf. IV 67. VII 80 al.).' Friedländer would accept this conjecture (Bursian Jahresber. III 214), if opacus cannot mean opaque', thick with the gold. Many years ago I convinced myself that it must mean 'shady'. But harena needs no further definition than the aurum following. What Fr. desiderates is expressed by Sil. xvI 560 qua Tagus auriferis pallet turbatus harenis. It is an old controversy: 'an credam Lubino, qui opacum turbulentum dicit, propter auriferas harenas? apage Germani haud germanam interpretationem. opaci enim est umbris arborum obscuri.' ĞRANG.

-67

GREEK AND SYRIAN ROME. PICTA MITRA.

353

III 56 PONENDAQUE PRAEMIA SUMAS Sen. ep. 90 § 30 (of the sage) ponenda non sumeret. Hor. s. II 2 129-135.

,, 58 QUAE GENS Mart. spect. 3 1 2 quae tam seposita est, quae gens tam barbara, Caesar, | ex qua spectator non sit in urbe tua? ACCEPTISSIMA most welcome: superl. also Plaut. Liv. Iust. Curt. vII 2 § 11 longe acceptissimus Parmenioni erat, proximus lateri in acie stare solitus. Tert. spect. 22 quanta confessio est malarum rerum, quarum auctores, cum acceptissimi sint, sine nota non sunt!

58-125 Hertzberg Gesch. Griechenl. II 492.

59 FUGIAM II 1 ultra Sauromatas fugere hinc libet.
PROPERABO FATERI Stat. Th. II 342.

61 GRAECAM URBEM VI 187. 191. 193 omnia Graece. xv 110 n. Plaut. Curc. 288-295. Friedländer 15 74 n. 5. Hertzberg Gesch. Griechenl. I 334. Liv. xxxix 3 § 6 (B.c. 187) iam tum multitudine alienigenarum urbem onerante. Tac. xiv 15. 20,

QUOTA PORTIO Sen. cons. Marc. 26 § 6. Friedländer 15 75 and Wallon hist. de l'esclavage II 448 on Syrians and Egyptians in Rome. Iuv. 1 104 n. vir 14 seq. n. Movers Phönizier I (3) 76.

FAECIS Varro

Serranus fr. 452 Bü. (in Non. 334) hunc vocasset e liquida vita in curiae vestrae faecem. Lucr. and esp. Cic. in lexx. Vopisc. Aurel. 42 § 6 ut enim omittamus Vitellios, Caligulas et Nerones, quis ferat Maximinos et Philippos atque illam inconditae multitudinis faecem?

ACHAEI esp. Corinth VIII 113 n.

62 IAM PRIDEM SYRUS IN TIBERIM DEFLUXIT ORONTES Capitol. Ver. 8 § 7 histriones adduxit e Syria, quorum praecipuus fuit Maximinus, quem Paridis nomine nuncupavit. § 10 habuit et Agrippam histrionem, cui cognomentum erat Memfi, quem et ipsum e Syria veluti tropaeum Parthicum adduxerat, quem Apolaustum nominavit. § 11 adduxerat secum et fidicinas et tibicines et histriones scurrasque mimarios et praestigiatores et omnia mancipiorum genera, quorum Syria et Alexandria pascitur voluptate. See C. O. Müller de antiquitatibus Antiochenis in the comm. soc. reg. scient. Göttingen VIII 205-278 and his kleine deutsche Schriften I 90-129. A lively picture in Renan les apôtres c. 12.

64 Plaut. Stich. 380—1 fidicinas, tibicinas, | sambucas, in a Phoenician cargo. Pers. v 95 sambucam citius caloni aptaveris alto. Spart. Hadr. 26 § 4 in convivio tragoedias comoedias Attellanas sambucas lectores poetas pro re semper exhibuit. Rich companion sambuca, sambucina. Böttiger refers to Burney's history of music and Torkel Gesch. d. Musik 1 200, Tafel II p. 23. Casaubon on Suet. Nero 27.

66 PICTA MITRA Öv. met. XIV 654 ille etiam picta redimitus tempora mitra. Artemid. 11 3 f. (with Rigault and Reiff) Tolkiλn kai ȧv0ŋpà éo Ons proper to the courtesan dià Tǹy épyaoíav. Becker-Hermann Charikles II 68. MITRA ind. Aristoph. thesm. 257 Blaydes. Of Bacchus Sen. Hipp. 756. Oed. 413. VFl. 11 272; of women Catull. 64 63 and 68. HermannBlümner Gr. Privat-Alterth. § 22 p. 194. See in Cic. Rab. Post. § 26 seq. an apology for Greek costume. Rich companion.

67 RUSTICUS Ov. a. a. III 128. Phaedr. Iv 5 5. Greek words Munro on Lucr. 11 412. Bücheler (Rhein. Mus. xxix 1874 637) cites from the hermeneumata Montepessulana fol. 207 (ed. Boucherie in notices et extraits des manuscrits t. xxIII p. 277 seq. Par. 1872 p. 191) TрEXÉdɩπVOS copidicenus. Readers of Iuv. will learn usitatius fuisse quam antea visum est graecum illud verbum et iure suo veterem interpretem appellasse parasitica licet iuxta nobiscum ignorantem, quam

354

TRECHEDIPNA.

CEROMA.

III 67partem habitus eo nomine Romani tum denotarint. sumi quidem vestimenta et calciamenta recte utraque dicuntur, ipsum tamen nomen me invitat collique in proximo versu ornamenta ut malim interpretari pedulia. edicti Diocletiani de rerum pretiis titulus extat sic inscriptus de soleis et gallicis, πepì σavdaλíwv kai тpoxadiwv.' Prof. Bücheler seems to have overlooked the gloss cited by Pithou and Rigault and later edd. Tpexédeπvos, a famished parasite, is the writer of Alkiphr. III 4. cf. Ath. 4. 342 fin. Ath. 349 Stratonikos in Abdera went on tiptoe, looking intently on the ground. Asked what was the matter with his feet, he replied: τοῖς ὅλοις μὲν ἔρρωμαι, ξένε, | καὶ τῶν κολάκων πολὺ θᾶττον ἐπὶ dεîπVOV TрEX. cf. below 218 phaecasiatorum. II 41-124 Romans

aping women's dress.

III 67 TRECHEDIPNA is not found, used as here, in Greek, but Vitruvius VI 10 (7) § 5 observes that in his art also borrowed technical terms were used in Latin otherwise than in Greek (Düntzer). For vikηтńρia lexx. cite Soph. Eur. Plato: add DCass. LXIII 1 § 1. Eus. h. e. iv 16 § 2. "", QUIRINE II 133.

68 Hier. ep. 57 12 (317a) a proverb oleum perdit et impensas, qui bovem mittit ad ceroma. Sil. XIV 136-8 pigro luctandi studio certamen in umbra | molle pati docta et gaudens splendescere olivo | stat, mediocre decus vincentum, ignava iuventus. Sen. ep. 88 § 18 luctatores et totam oleo ac luto constantem scientiam expello ex his studiis liberalibus. Plut. Cat. mai. 20 §§ 9 10. Tac. an. xiv 20. d. 10 si in Graecia natus esses, ubi ludicras quoque artes exercere honestum est, non paterer inmanes illos et ad pugnam natos lacertos levitate iaculi aut iactu disci vanescere. Caesar (Suet. 39), on occasion of his triumphs, exhibited circensian games and athletic contests. Furius Leptinus, of a pretorian family, and Q. Calpenus, formerly a senator and pleader in the courts, contended for the mastery in the forum. Laberius, a Roman knight, acted his own farce; circensibus... quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios agitaverunt nobilissimi iuvenes; athletes contended, in a temporary stadium, for three days. Augustus (Suet. 43) exhibited athletes, charioteers, runners, confectoresque ferarum, et nonnumquam ex nobilissima iuventute; forbad women to view the athletes (44 f.); encouraged boxing and increased the privileges of athletes (45). Nero (Suet. 12 f.) invited the Vestals to view athletes, as the priestesses of Ceres were spectators at Olympia. The revolt in Gaul could not divert his attention from his gymnasium (40). Romans of the old school, like Iuv., regretted the practical exercises of the campus Martius and the chase, the national training for the wiry soldier's body, often contrasted with the athlete's abnormal, unhealthy tori (Quintil. x 1 § 33 1. 10 n. Plut. de educ. 11 p. 8. apophth. Epam. 3 p. 1924. vita Philopoem. 3 4. Hor. s. II 2 10 11 Heind. si Romana fatigat | militia assuetum graecari. ep. 11 1 33 luctamur Achivis doctius unctis). Galen (v 874-898) supports his own condemnation of the athletes of his day (whom he calls swine, wallowing in their mire) by the authority of Plato and Hippokrates. Böttiger ms. exstat signum marmoreum athletae collum inunguentis in museo Dresdensi praestantissimum.' Mart. IV 4 10 cited on 85. 19 5 seu lentum ceroma teris. v 65 3 (of Antaeus). VII 32 9. XI 47 5. XIV 50 1. CEROMATICO ἅπαξ λεγόμενον both in Gr. and Lat. κήρωμα only found in later Greek authors. Haupt opusc. II 518 4 yνμvaσ0ĥvai Déλw ÈV T❖ KηPÚμATI, exerceri volo in ceromate. Plut. 11 638° (cited on 76). 790° where it is used figuratively, in contempt: the true statesman, trained in real business, οὐκ ἐν παλαίστραις καὶ κηρώμασιν ἀκινδύνως εὐρύθμων

-73 SICYON.

TRALLES.

ALABANDA. VISCERA.

355

σοφιστῶν, ἀλλ' ὡς ἀληθῶς ἐν Ολυμπιακοῖς καὶ Πυθικοῖς ἀγῶσιν. schol. Aristoph. eq. 492 κηρωματισταὶ are joined with ἀλεῖπται (ver. 76) as = παιδοτρίβαι.

III 68 COLLO Aristoph. eq. 490-2 chorus exe vvv, äλeiYov Tòv Tpáxηλov τουτῳί, ¦ ἵν ̓ ἐξολισθάνειν δύνῃ τὰς διαβολάς. sausageseller ἀλλ ̓ εὖ λέγεις καὶ παιδοτριβικῶς ταυταγί.

69 SICYONE Hertzberg Gesch. Griechenl. 11 293. Sikyon (gourdland'), so named from its kitchen gardens; famous for its artists in marble and bronze, its painters, its shoes, its oil, wine, flowers, horses and fish Bursian Geogr. v. Griechenl. II 23-30. Westermann in Pauly. Curtius Peloponn. II 483-496. In the arts of design it ranked next to Corinth Strabo 382. The description of Pausanias (11 5—12) is worth reading. The epithet alta is well chosen, for one cannot conceive a more beautiful site for a city' (Curtius). A broad and fertile table land, enclosed by the valleys of two mountain streams; behind, wooded hills, below, a fruitful plain; Parnasos, Kithaeron, Akrokorinthos in the distance. A plan and coins in dict. geogr. All these foreign names, like the Greek words above, have the effect of Milton's 'is it harder, sirs, than Gordon, Colkitto or Macdonald or Galasp?'

70 TRALLIBUS well deserves its place here, if only for the miracle in honour of Caesar (Caes. b. c. III 105 § 5 Trallibus in templo Victoriae, ubi Caesaris statuam consecraverant, palma per eos dies... inter coagmenta lapidum ex pavimento extitisse ostendebatur. VM. 1 6 § 12 improves the story: palmam viridem... sub Caesaris statua... iustae magnitudinis enatam. quibus apparet caeleste numen et Caesaris gloriae favisse et Pompeii errorem inhibere voluisse. Plut. Caes. 47 § 1), and for their disputing with ten other cities of Asia, the honour of possessing the temple of Tiberius (Tac. an. Iv 55). Roman residents occur CIG 2927; with a special curator 2930.

ALABANDIS placed by Leake and Fellows at Arab Hissa, being two hills, on the Tshina, a branch of the Maeander. Among the natives were two brothers, rhetoricians, Menekles and Hierokles, and two who emigrated to Rhodes, Apollonios ò μaλakòs and Apollonios Molo (Strabo 655, 661). The latter taught both in Rhodes and at Rome, and numbered among his pupils Cicero and Caesar.

71 DICTUM A VIMINE COLLEM Plin. h. n. xvi § 37 colle in quem vimina petebantur. Preller-Jordan röm. Myth. 13 113 n. 3.

72 VISCERA 'bosom friends', 'Schosskinder'. Curt. Iv 14 § 22 eripite viscera mea ex vinculis: restituite mihi pignora, pro quibus ipsi mori non recusatis, parentem, liberos. VI 9 § 19. Hippodromos (Philostr. soph. II 27 § 3) called Philostratos his 'bowels' (roîs éμаνтоû σTλáуxvos). Artemid. v 57 τὰ δὲ σπλάγχνα [ἐσήμαινε] τὸν παῖδα. οὕτω γὰρ καὶ τὸν παῖδα καλεῖν ἔθος ἐστίν. Wetstein (11 381), Wolf (curae), Lightfoot, esp. Price on ep. Philem. 12. Ov. met. v 18. tr. 1 7 17-20, where he burns his books, viscera nostra, as Thestias burnt her son. Luc. VII 579 580 in plebem vetat ire manus monstratque senatum. | scit cruor imperii qui sit, quae viscera rerum (vitals of the state). Quintil. vi praef. § 3 Sp. Apul. met. VIII 11 Price (p. 452 38) and Hildebrand. Lact. vI 20 § 21 Bünemann. So in Ital. viscere mie! Corneille, Médée III 4 madame, épargnez-les, épargnez vos entrailles. Shakespeare being the bosom lover of my lord. tut, I am in their bosoms. my flesh, my blood, my daughter. thine own bowels, which do call thee sire.

MAGNARUM DOMUUM 212. cf. 1 33 magni amici.

73 INGENIUM VELOX Ov. met. VIII 254 vigor ingenii quondam

356

TORRENS.

GRAMMATICUS.

RHETOR.

III 73

velocis. Mart. vi 28 on Glaucias, a freedman, twelve years of age, wept by all Rome cari deliciae breves patroni | ... velox ingenio.

III 73 AUDACIA PERDITA in a word dπóvoia Casaubon, Duport and Jebb on Theophr. char. 6 (16 Jebb), where the reckless (ò åπovevonμévos) is ready to turn his hand to anything (Tavτoжоlós).

74 PROMPTUS Sil. xiv 31 promptae gens linguae.

TOR

SERMO ISAEO TORRENTIOR Vorst on Iust. I 7 § 14. Holden on Cic. off. 1 § 76 (Heusinger ib. i.e. c. 22 § 7). Meyer on Matt. 5 20. cf. Io. 5 36. Fritzsche on Mark 4 36. Fabri on Liv. xxi 11 § 2. Winer-Moulton 778. Mart. x1 52 18. Sillig on Plin. xxxII § 149. Hor. s. II 4 2 3. RENTIOR Plin. xxvi § 12 of the Greek (ex rhetore medicus) Asclepiades: torrenti ac meditata cotidie oratione blandiens. Cic. fin. 11 § 3 cum enim fertur quasi torrens oratio. Tac. d. 24 pr. quo torrente, quo impetu saeculum nostrum defendit.

EDE Hor. s. II 4 10 ede hominis nomen, simul et, Romanus an hospes. 5 61. Ov. m. III 635.

99

75 QUEMVIS HOMINEM SECUM ATTULIT AD NOS Plut. compares the flatterer to a shadow II 53b; a mirror 53°; a chamaeleon 534; a polypus 96, with Wytt. on each place. on the crowd of poets, orators, philosophers, scholars, athletes, musicians, singers, who sought a living at Rome see Friedländer 13 1815 17. 43—4.

76 GRAMMATICUS RHETOR GEOMETRES PICTOR ALIPTES dig. L 13 1 pr. liberalia autem studia accipimus, quae Graeci éλevoéρia μаðýμатa appellant; rhetores continebuntur grammatici geometrae. Sen. ep. 88 §§ 3—8, 37-41 the grammarian. §§ 10-13 the geometrician. § 18 non enim adducor, ut in numerum liberalium artium pictores recipiam, non magis quam statuarios et marmorarios aut ceteros luxuriae ministros. aeque luctatores et totum oleo ac luto constantem scientiam expello ex his studiis liberalibus. ib. § 19 (athletics). Quintil. 1 4-9 grammar. 10 §§ 34--49 geometry. §§ 15-19 the wrestling-school (e.g. § 15 ne illos quidem reprehendendos puto, qui paulum etiam palaestricis vacaverunt. non de his loquor, quibus pars vitae in oleo, pars in vino consumitur, qui corporum cura mentem obruerunt). One Thessalus (Galen x 4 5 K) professed to teach the art of medicine in six months. Cobblers, dyers, carpenters, smiths, leave their trades and turn doctors, enticed by emancipation from geometry, astronomy, logic, music, and other liberal arts. Thessalus (pp. 11 12) challenged all the Greeks, PŃTOPAS YEWμÉTPAS γραμματικοὺς ἀστρονόμους φιλοσόφους. Vergil (Aen. VI 847-850) leaves to Greece art, oratory, science. Hadrian welcomed all and sundry of these adventurers Spartian. 16 § 8 quamvis esset in reprehendendis musicis tragicis comicis grammaticis rhetoribus oratoribus facilis, tamen omnes professores et honoravit et divites fecit, licet eos quaestionibus semper agitaverit. § 9 et cum ipse auctor esset, ut multi ab eo tristes recederent, dicebat se graviter ferre, si quem tristem videret. § 10 in summa familiaritate Epictetum et Heliodorum philosophos et, ne nominatim de omnibus dicam, grammaticos rhetores musicos geometras pictores astrologos habuit. Paulus Aemilius (Plut. 6 § 7) taught his sons not only in the Roman fashion, but also in the Greek: οὐ γὰρ μόνον γραμματικοὶ καὶ σοφισταὶ καὶ ῥήτορες, ἀλλὰ καὶ πλάσται καὶ ζωγραφοι καὶ πώλων καὶ σκυλάκων ἐπιστάται καὶ διδάσκαλοι Ἕλληνες ἦσαν περὶ τοὺς νεανίσκους. MATICUS VII 215-243 n. Even infancy was corrupted by Greek governesses Tac. d. 29 at nunc natus infans delegatur Graeculae alicui ancillae. RHETOR VII 150-214 n.

GRAM

GEOMETRES by synizesis a trisyllable, as perh. in Auson. ep. 18 17