EXAMPLES.

(1.) 6547 at 2. ANSWER, £20 9s. 2 d.

(16.) 7514 at 4s. 7d. ANSWER, £1721 19s. 2d.

(17.) 3547 at 7s. 6d.

(18.) 5904 at 9s. 42d.

(19.) 7642 at 12s. 3 d.

(20.) 1771 at 13s. 2d.

(21.) 2934 at 14s. 6d.

(22.) 8974 at 17s.

(23.) 6512 at 8s. 2d.

(24.) 5137 at 19s. 3d.

(25.) 2107 at £2 8s. ANSWER, £5056 16s.

(26.) 3794 at £2 6s.

(27.) 5691 at £1 14s.

(28.) 7675 at £4 7s. 2 d.

(29.) 86 at £12 5s. 6d.

(30.) 888 at £16 4s. 9d.

(31.) 7514 at £11 3s. 6d.

(32.) 6631 at £7 8s. 73d.

(33.) 35 cwt. 3 qr. 21 lb. at £4 14s. 6d.

ANSWER, £358 16s. 1d.

(34.) 75 cwt. 3 qr. 7 lb. at £3 17s. 6d.
(35.) 83 cwt. 2 qr. 11 lb. at £11 12s. 8d.

(36.) 71 cwt. 3 qr.

(37.) 89 cwt. 1 qr.

18 lb. at £1 7s. 6d.

10 lb. at £6 1s. 3 d.

(38.) 54 cwt. 2 qr. 23 lb. at £1 15s. 9d.

(39.) 27 cwt. 1 qr. 17 lb. at £3 14s. 7 d.

(40.) What is the price of 52 tons of bark at £9 14s. per ton?

(41.) What is the price of silver goods weighing 19 oz. 17 dwt. 6 gr. at 9s. 3d. per oz.?

(42.) The price of 18 cwt. 3 qr. 18 lb. of hops at £24 18s. 6d. per cwt.?

(43.) Required the cost of 501 yards of cloth at £1 2s. 3 d. per yard?

(44.) If I pay 5s. 2d. for 1 yard of velveteen, what must I give for 279 yards?

(45.) If two pair of silk hose cost 17s. 6d. what will 919 pair cost?

(46.) If I buy 1 cwt. of cheese for £2 13s. 10d. what must I pay for 26 tons 3 cwt.?

(47.) What is the price of 325 tods of wool, at 11s. 10 d. per tod?

(48.) Bought an estate of 224 ac. 2 r. 19 p. at £83 14s. 6d. per acre; what must I pay for it?

(49.) What is the price of 724 cwt. of soap, at £4 17s. 2d. per cwt. ?

(50.) Required the pay of 10 men for 365 days, at 4s. 3d. per man per day.

CHAIN RULE.

78. This is a rule for solving questions, in which several quantities are so connected that a certain number of the first equals a certain number of the second, a certain number of the second equals a certain number of the third, and so on, and it is required to find what number of the last equals a certain number of the first.

RULE. First put down the term of demand, then arrange under it all the other quantities as equations, observing, that each term on the left must always be of the same kind as the one on the right next above it.

Then divide the product of all the terms on the right by the product of those on the left; the quotient will be the answer, of the same kind as the last term on the right. The terms on the left are called consequents, those on the right antecedents. Thus,

(1.) If 16 plums are worth 12 pears, and 15 pears are worth 10 apples, how many apples ought I to receive for 72 plums?

(2.) Find the value of 7 yards of cloth, when 3 yards

are worth 45s.

(1.) If 4 lb. of coffee be worth 3 lb. of tea, and 20 lb. of sugar be worth 6 lb. of coffee, how much tea ought I to receive for 40 lb. of sugar? ANSWER 9 lb.

(2.) Required the proportion between the foot of Cremona and the metre of France, when 48 ft. of Cremona = 56 English feet, and 1 metre = 39.371 English inches. ANSWER, 1 metre =2.812 ft.

(3.) If 10 lb. of London = 11 lb. of Rome, and 26 marks of Spain = 16 lb. of London, what is

the ratio between the Roman lb. and the Spanish mark?

(4.) If 100 oz. of Naples =86 oz. English, and 11 oz. of Rome = 10 oz. English, how many oz. of Rome are equal to 20 oz. of Naples ?

(5.) If 12 men can do the work of 27 women, and 5 boys can do as much as 3 women, and 7 boys are in work equal to 10 girls, how many girls would it require to do the work of 5 men?

(6.) If I give 7 hats in exchange for 2 coats, and for 3 coats get a man to work for me during 12 weeks, and estimate his work at 22s. per week, what may I consider to be the price of 1 hat?

(7.) If 24 lb. at London = 20 lb. at Amsterdam, and 100 lb. at Amsterdam = 120 lb. at Toulouse,

how many lb. at London are equal to 50 at Thoulouse?

(8.) If 12 yards at London make 8 ells at Paris, how many ells at Paris will make 64 yards at London?

=

(9.) If 100 lb. of England 88 lb. at Rouen, 78 lb. at Rouen = 94 lb. at Lyons, 69 lb. at Lyons = 53 lb. at Geneva, 72 lb. at Geneva = 100lb. at Marseilles, 121 lb. at Marseilles = 100 lb. at Hamburg, 103 lb. at Hamburgh = 101 lb. at Paris, what is the difference between the weight of a lb. at London and Paris?

EXCHANGE.

79. Exchange is the act of paying or receiving the money of one place for its equivalent in the money of another. This may be done either by cash or by bills of exchange, but it is usually by the latter.

A bill of exchange is a written order for the payment of a certain sum of money at an appointed time.

The rate or course of exchange is the variable or uncertain sum of the money of one place which is given for a certain or constant sum of that of another. Thus, London gives to Paris the certain for the uncertain, i. e., the sterling for an uncertain number of francs.

The par of exchange is such a quantity of the money of one place as is equal to a certain quantity of the money of another. It is called intrinsic par when it