The climate is temperate, but subject to frequent changes.

GREENEVILLE, named in honour of Major-General Nathaniel Greene, is the seat of justice. It is located nearly in the centre of the county, on a high ridge, on the waters of Walnut Creek, 108 miles west of Milledgeville.

Sandtown is ten miles south of Greeneville.

Flat Shoals is twelve miles east of Greeneville. The water-power is unimproved, although it presents inducements for manufacturing purposes unsurpassed by any in Georgia.

This county is celebrated for its valuable medicinal springs.

The Chalybeate Springs are 1,600 feet above the level of the sea. The waters are highly spoken of, and the accommodations for visitors are excellent.

The Warm Springs are situated on a spur of the Pine Mountain, 36 miles from Columbus. A fountain, gushing forth 1,400 gallons of water per minute, of 90 degrees temperature, is among the greatest wonders in Georgia. The bathing-houses are fine, and every arrangement is made to accommodate visitors.

The Cold Spring is three-quarters of a mile from the hotel, affording 4,000 gallons of water per minute.

There are some other springs in the county.

Extract from the Census of 1850.-Dwellings, 1,428; families, 1,428; white males, 4,269; white females, 4,212; 1 free coloured male; 1 free coloured female. Total free population, 8,483; slaves, 7,993. Deaths, 210. Farms, 824. Value of real estate, $2,125,747 ; value of personal estate, $4,241,421.

Among the first settlers of this county were, Colonel WELLBORN, MARSHALL MARTIN, DAVID WILLIAMS, Dr. ANDREW PARK, ABNER DUNHAM, FREEMAN W. BLOUNT, W. D. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM HARRIS, HENRY HARRIS, Sen., ISAAC THRASH, ALLEN ROWE, GEORGE C. HEARD, WM. GILL, LEWIS PYROM, JOHN P. THOMPSON, J. HODNET, E. PEAVY, SIMEON PETIT, JOHN JONES, CHARLES B. HARRIS, C. CAMPBELL, Major KENDALL, JOHN H. JONES, E. BRADLEY.

HON. HIRAM WARNER.-This gentleman was born in the State of Massachusetts, on the 29th of October, 1802. When about seventeen years of age, he came to Georgia, and after visiting the upper parts of the State, was employed as an assistant teacher in the academy at Sparta, in Hancock County. Fears were entertained that his youth and inexperience would disqualify him from discharging his duties; but during his entire connection with the academy, he was able to give general satisfaction.

Having determined to make the profession of the law his business, as soon as he could qualify himself to enter upon its duties, he occu

pied the time not spent in school in legal studies. In the fall of the year 1824, he was admitted to practice in the courts of Georgia, and shortly afterwards settled at Knoxville, Crawford County. By unremitting attention to his duties, he very soon secured an extensive practice.

In 1828 he was elected a representative to the State Legislature from Crawford County, and continued to be its representative until 1831. Judge Warner's course as a legislator was always independent and liberal, and although generally acting with his political friends, his kind behaviour to his opponents commanded their respect and good feeling. Whilst a member of the Legislature, he introduced a bill to alter the Constitution, so as to abolish the property qualification of Senators and Representatives, contending, in a speech which he made in support of the measure, "that a man's capacity for making laws ought not to be estimated according to the amount of property he might possess." The bill, however, was lost, but at a subsequent session was passed, and is now a law of the land.

We have heard of an incident connected with this gentleman's political career which reflects great credit upon him, and which, we hazard nothing in saying, is not common at the present day with candidates for public favour.

When a candidate before the people, he was opposed on the ground that he had refused to pledge himself to vote for some public officer, who was to be elected by the Legislature, and whom a majority of his constituents, it was thought, preferred. His opponent had pledged himself, if elected, to vote for the officer, and on the Saturday before the election, at a regimental muster in the county, whilst Judge Warner was making a speech, the question was put to him, "whether he was willing to make a similar pledge?" To which he indignantly replied:"I may or I may not vote for that officer, but I will not degrade myself so much, nor those whose suffrages I seek, as to make a pledge in advance as to what I may or may not do as their representative. If the people whose suffrages I seek have not, from their knowledge of my general character, sufficient confidence to believe that I will honestly and faithfully represent their wishes and interests, then vote against me; but if they have such confidence, I should be extremely happy for them to manifest it at the ballot-box on Monday next." This noble answer was appreciated by the people, for they elected him by an increased majority.

During the nullification controversy, Mr. Warner was directly opposed to that movement, not believing it to be either a peaceable or constitutional remedy for the alleged grievances, and was a delegate from the County of Crawford to the Anti-tariff Convention, which assembled at Milledgeville in 1832, and was one of the seceders from that body, with the late John Forsyth and others.

During the session of the Legislature of the year 1833, a new circuit was formed, called the Coweta Circuit, and of which he was elected judge. In 1836 he was re-elected by nearly a unanimous vote, and continued to discharge its duties until 1840, when he was

removed, for no other reason, it is supposed, but that he did not vote the Harrison ticket. He then returned to the practice of law with his usual energy, and it is affirmed that he realized at least ten thousand dollars by his practice for the year 1841. In December, 1845, the Supreme Court of Georgia was organized, and he was elected one of the judges for the term of four years; and in 1849, was re-elected for the term of six years, by almost a unanimous vote. He resides upon his plantation, in Meriwether County, near Greeneville. To agricultural pursuits he is much devoted, and, unlike most professional men, makes good crops.

Of Judge Warner it may be truly said, that he has been the architect of his own fortune, and that is the only aristocracy which ought to be acknowledged in a republican government. He has always been remarkable for great energy and perseverance. In 1849, he stated to a gentleman, that during the seven years he was on the bench of the Superior Court, he never failed to hold a court at the time prescribed by law, either in his own circuit or for some judge with whom he exchanged circuits, and that during the five years from 1840 to 1845, he was never absent from any term of the court, both regular and adjourned, which was held in the circuit; that during the four years he had been on the bench of the Supreme Court, he always presented himself at every term which had been held in the State, making, in the aggregate, a period of sixteen years, within which time he was punctual in his attendance upon every term of the courts to which business called him.

There are some incidents connected with Judge Warner's administration of the laws that have not generally been known, and a recital of which we believe will be interesting to our readers.

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Soon after the organization of Murray County, there were two parties, called the Bishop and the Anti-Bishop parties, among which there was great excitement. Owing to some prejudice that existed, Bishop and his friends were unwilling that the then presiding judge of the Cherokee Circuit should hold the court for the trial of the causes in which they were interested, and therefore the judge of that circuit proposed to exchange courts with Judge Warner, so that the latter might preside at the trials in Murray. An eye-witness says: Judge Warner arrived at Spring Place, the county site, early in the morning of the day the court was to be held, and found the little village nearly surrounded by a company of United States soldiers. The judge, having ordered breakfast, was shaving, when a communication in writing was handed to him by the late General Steelman. Upon opening the letter, he found it to be from Captain Buffington, of the army, informing him that, by order of Colonel Lindsey, of the United States Army, stationed in Tennessee, he had repaired to Spring Place, for the purpose of enabling the Judge of the Superior Court to execute the laws of Georgia, and tendering him his own services and that of his command. The judge, immediately calling for pen, ink, and paper, replied to Captain Buffington's communication; assuring him, that however highly he might appreciate the motives which induced Colo

nel Lindsey to order Captain Buffington and his command to that place, to enable the Judge of the Superior Court to execute the laws of Georgia, he was not aware there existed any necessity for his services, or that of his command; that Georgia was abundantly able to execute her own laws; and that so far as that duty devolved upon him, on that occasion he expected to have no difficulty in doing it,” without his assistance. In less than thirty minutes after the receipt of the communication the soldiers' tents were struck, and Captain Buffington and his command were on their march to their quarters in Tennessee. Several of the Anti-Bishop party implored the judge not to send the soldiers away; the women cried, and said they would all be killed, the court could not be held, &c.

When the time arrived for opening the court, the Sheriff was reluctant to go to the court-house, saying that he was certain he would be killed before the trials were over. The judge assured him that he should be protected-took him by the arm, walked to the court house, opened court, and during the term tried Bishop and other im portant criminal causes, growing out of the Murray difficulties, without the least disturbance. Judge Warner's conduct on this occasion was the theme of admiration.

Of the legal qualifications of this gentleman it is scarcely necessary to speak, as the evidences of their high order have been already exhibited in the positions to which he has been so repeatedly elevated. The characteristic feature of his mind is its remarkable logical force. His efforts at the bar and his decisions on the bench alike disclose this feature. His style is free from ornament, and with an unusual directness, he approaches and discusses the question controlling every case-not one redundant word, not one of repetition, and yet complete. His language, with perfect accuracy, conveys precisely the idea intended.

MONROE COUNTY.

LAID out by the Lottery Act of 1821, and a part set off to Butts, 1825, and named after James Monroe, President of the United States. Length, 21 m.; breadth, 16 m.; area square miles, 336.

The Ocmulgee forms the eastern boundary. The Towaliga empties into the Ocmulgee. There are several creeks, viz., Tobesofkee, Crooked, Shoal, &c.

Extract from the Census of 1850.-Dwellings, 1,194; families, 1,194; white males, 3,472; white females, 3,338; free coloured males, 2; free coloured females, 3. Total free population, 6,815; slaves, 10,170. Deaths, 210. Farms, 746; manufacturing establishments, 2. Value of real estate, $2,580, 103; value of personal estate, $5,684,909.