ARTICLE IV. If litigations and disputes should arise between the subjects of the Sublime Porte and citizens of the United States, the parties shall not be heard, nor shall judgment be pronounced unless the American Dragoman be present. Causes in which the sum may exceed five hundred piastres, shall be submitted to the Sublime Porte, to be decided according to the laws of equity and justice. Citizens of the United States of America, quietly pursuing their commerce, and not being charged or convicted of any crime or offence, shall not be molested; and even when they may have committed some offence they shall not be arrested and put in prison, by the local authorities, but they shall be tried by their Minister or Consul, and punished according to their offence, following, in this respect, the usage observed towards other Franks.

Settlement of

disputes be

tween Ottoman subjects, &c.

Jurisdiction

over American citizens.

U. S. flag to

be respected; not to be lent

ARTICLE V. American merchant vessels that trade to the dominions of the Sublime Porte, may go and come in perfect safety with their own flag; but they shall not take the flag of any other Power, nor shall they to others, &c. grant their flag to the vessels of other nations and Powers, nor to vessels of rayahs. The Minister, Consuls, and Vice Consuls of the United States, shall not protect, secretly or publicly, the rayahs of the Sublime Porte, and they shall never suffer a departure from the principles here laid down and agreed to by mutual consent.

ARTICLE VI. Vessels of war of the two contracting Parties, shall observe towards each other, demonstrations of friendship and good intelligence, according to naval usage; and towards merchant vessels they shall exhibit the same kind and courteous manner.

ARTICLE VII. Merchant vessels of the United States, in like manner as vessels of the most favored nations, shall have liberty to pass the Canal of the Imperial Residence, and go and come in the Black Sea, either laden or in ballast; and they may be laden with the produce, manufactures and effects, of the Ottoman Empire, excepting such as are prohibited, as well as of their own country.

ARTICLE VIII. Merchant vessels of the two contracting parties shall not be forcibly taken, for the shipment of troops, munitions and other objects of war, if the Captains or proprietors of the vessels, shall be unwilling to freight them.

Vessels of war

shall exhibit toother, &c.

wards each

Passage of the Dardanelles.

Ships not to be impressed.

ARTICLE IX. If any merchant vessel of either of the contracting Wrecks. parties, should be wrecked, assistance and protection shall be afforded to those of the crew that may be saved; and the merchandise and effects, which it may be possible to save and recover, shall be conveyed to the Consul, nearest to the place of the wreck, to be, by him, delivered to the proprietors.

CONCLUSION.

Exchange of

The foregoing articles, agreed upon and concluded, between the Riasset (Chancery of State,) and the above mentioned Commissioner ratifications. of the United States, when signed by the other two Commissioners, shall be exchanged. In ten months from the date of this Temessuck, or instrument of treaty, the exchange of the ratifications of the two Powers shall be made, and the articles of this treaty shall have full force and be strictly observed by the two Contracting Powers.

Given the fourteenth day of the moon Zilcaade, and in the year of the Hegira, 1245, corresponding with the seventh day of May, of the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty of the Christian Æra.

April 5, 1831. A TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION

Ratifications exchanged, April 5, 1832. Proclamation of the President of the U. S., April 5, 1832.

Peace and friendship.

Footing of most favored nations secured to the parties.

Entry into ports.

Between the United States of America and the United
Mexican States.

THE United States of America and the United Mexican States desiring to establish upon a firm basis the relations of friendship that so happily subsist between the two Republics, have determined to fix in a clear and positive manner the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between both, by means of a treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation. For which important object, the President of the United States of America has appointed Anthony Butler, a citizen of the United States, and Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America near the United Mexican States, with full powers; and the Vice-President of the United Mexican States, in the exercise of the Executive power, having conferred like full powers on his Excellency Lucas Alaman, Secretary of State for Home and Foreign Affairs, and his Excellency Raphael Mangino, Secretary of the Treasury; and the aforesaid Plenipotentiaries, after having compared and exchanged in due form their several powers as aforesaid, have agreed upon the following articles:

ARTICLE I. There shall be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace, and a true and sincere friendship between the United States of America and the United Mexican States in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens respectively, without distinction of persons or places.

ARTICLE II. The United States of America and the United Mexican States, designing to take for the basis of their agreement the most perfect equality and reciprocity, engage mutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party; who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or upon the same conditions, if the concession was conditional.

ARTICLE III. The citizens of the two countries respectively shall have liberty, freely and securely to come with their vessels and cargoes to all such places, ports, and rivers of the United States of America and of the United Mexican States, to which other foreigners are permitted to come; to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part of the said territories respectively; also, to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce, and to trade therein, in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and merchandize; and, generally, the merchants and traders of each nation shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their commerce.

And they shall not pay higher or other duties, imposts, or fees whatsoever, than those which the most favored nations are or may be obliged to pay; and shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions, with respect to navigation and commerce, which the citizens of the most favored nation do or may enjoy; but subject always to the laws, usages, and statutes of the two countries respectively.

TRATADO DE AMISTAD, COMERCIO, Y NAVEGACION

Entre los Estados Unidos de America y los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.

Los Estados Unidos de America y los Estados Unidos Mexicanos deseosos de afirmar sobre bases solidas las relaciones de amistad y comercio que felizmente ecsisten entre ambas Repúblicas, han resuelto fijar de una manera clara y positiva las reglas que han de observarse en lo succesivo religiosamente entre ambas, por medio de un tratado de Amistad, Comercio, y Navegacion. Para cuyo importante objeto, el Presidente de los Estados Unidos de America há conferido plenos poderes al ciudadano de los mismos Estados Antonio Butler, Encargado de Negocios cerca de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos; y el Vice-Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en ejercicio del poder Ejecutivo al Ecselentisimo Señor Don Lucas Alaman, Secretario de Estado y del Despacho de Relaciones Esteriores é Interiores, y al ecselentisimo Señor Don Rafael Mangino, Secretario de Estado y del Despacho de Hacienda; los cuales, despues de haber cambiado sus plenos poderes, han convenido en los articulos siguientes:

ARTICULO I. Habrá una firme, inviolable y universal paz, y una sincera y verdadera amistad entre los Estados Unidos de America y los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en toda la estension de sus posesiones y territorios, y entre sus pueblos y ciudadanos, respectivamente, sin distincion de personas ó lugares.

ARTICULO II. Los Estados Unidos de America y los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, deseando tomár por base de este convenio la mas perfecta igualdad y reciprocidad, se comprometen mutuamente á no conceder ningun favor particular á otras naciones, en lo respectivo á comercio y navegacion, que no venga á ser inmediatamente comun á la otra parte; la cual deberá gozarlo libremente, si la concecion fué hacha libremente ó bajo las mismas condiciones, si la concesion fuese condicional.

ARTICULO III. Los ciudadanos de los dos paises respectivamente, tendrán libertad, franquicia y seguridad para ir con sus buques y cargamentos á todas las plazas, puertos, y rios de los Estados Unidos de America y de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, á los que á otros estrangeros es permitido ir, entrar y permanecer en cualquiera parte de los dichos territorios respectivamente; asi como arrendar y ocupar casas y almacenes para los fines de su comercio, y comerciar en ellos en toda clase de productos, manufacturas y mercancias; y en general, los comerciantes y negociantes de cada nacion, gozarán la mas completa proteccion y seguridad para su comercio.

Y no pagarán otros ni mas altos derechos impuestos ó emolumentos, cualquiera que sean, que los que esten ó estuvieren obligadas á pagar las naciones mas favorecidas; y gozarán todos los derechos, privilegios, y ecsenciones, con respecto á la navegacion y comercio, que los ciudadanos de la nacion mas favorecida gozen ó gozaren; pero sugetos siempre á las leyes, usos y estatutos de las dos naciones respectiva

mente.

Coasting trade excepted.

Duties on pro

parties.

The liberty to enter and discharge the vessels of both nations of which this article treats, shall not be understood to authorize the coasting trade, which is permitted to National vessels only.

ARTICLE IV. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the imductions of the portation into the United Mexican States of any article, the produce, growth, or manufacture of the United States of America, than those which the same or like articles, the produce, growth, or manufacture of any other foreign country do now or may hereafter pay; nor shall articles, the produce, growth, or manufacture of the United Mexican States, be subject on their introduction into the United States of America, to higher or other duties than those which the same or like articles of any other foreign country do now or may hereafter pay.

Export duties and prohibitions.

Tonnage duties, &c. the same in vessels of either party.

Import duties.

Higher duties shall not be imposed in the respective States on the exportation of any article to the States of the other contracting Party, than those which are now or may hereafter be paid on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be established on the exportation or importation of any article, the produce, growth, or manufacture of the United States of America, or of the United Mexican States respectively, in either of them, which shall not in like manner be established with respect to other foreign countries.

ARTICLE V. No higher or other duties or charges on account of tonnage, light or harbor dues, pilotage, salvage in case of damage or shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed, in any of the ports of Mexico on vessels of the United States of America, than those payable in the same ports by Mexican vessels; nor in the ports of the United States of America, on Mexican vessels, than shall be payable in the same ports on vessels of the United States of America.

ARTICLE VI. The same duties shall be paid on the importation into the United Mexican States, of any article, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States of America, whether such importation shall be in Mexican vessels or in vessels of the United States of America; and the same duties shall be paid on the importation into the United States of America, of any article, the growth, produce, or manufacture of Mexico, whether such importation shall be in vessels of the Export duties, United States of America or in Mexican vessels. The same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation to Mexico of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States of America, whether such exportation shall be in Mexican vessels or in vessels of the United States of America; and the same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of Mexico, to the United States of America, whether such exportation shall be in vessels of the United States of America or in Mexican vessels.

bounties, and drawbacks.

Merchants, &c. put on the same footing in the ports of either party.

ARTICLE VII. All merchants, captains, or commanders of vessels, and other citizens of the United States of America, shall have full liberty in the United Mexican States to direct or manage themselves, their own affairs, or to commit them to the management of whomsoever they may think proper, either as broker, factor, agent, or interpreter; nor shall they be obliged to employ for the aforesaid purposes any other persons than those employed by Mexicans, nor to pay them higher salaries or remuneration than such as are in like cases paid by Mexicans: and

La libertad de entrar y descargar los buques de ambas naciones de que habla este articulo, no se entenderá que autoriza el comercio de escala y cabotaje permitido solamente á los buques Nacionales.

ARTICULO IV. No se impondrán otros ni mayores derechos á la importacion en los Estados Unidos de America de articulo alguno de producto natural, ó manufactura, de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, que los que pagan, ó en adelante pagaren, los mismos ó semejantes articulos de producto natural ó manufactura de cualquiera otro pais estrangero. Los articulos de producto natural ó manufactura de los Estados Unidos de America, no estarán sugetos en su introduccion en los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, á otros ni mas altos derechos que aquellos que los mismos ó semejantes articulos de cualquiera otro pais estrangero paguen ahora ó puedan pagar en adelante.

No se impondrán mayores derechos en los Estados respectivos, á la esportacion de articulo alguno á los Estados de la otra Parte contratante que los que ahora ó despues sean pagados en la esportacion de los mismos articulos á algun otro pais estrangero; ni ninguna prohibicion será establecida en la esportacion ó importacion de cualquier articulo, producto natural ó manufactura de los Estados Unidos de America ó los Estados Unidos Mexicanos respectivamente, en alguno de ellos, que del mismo modo no se establesca igualmente con respecto á otros paises estrangeros.

ARTICULO V. No se impondrán otros ni mas altos derechos ni cargas, por razon de toneladas, fanal, emolumentos de puerto, practico, derechos de salvamento en caso de perdida ó naufragio, ni ningunas otras cargas locales, en ninguno de los puertos de los Estados Unidos de America, á los buques de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, sino los que unicamente pagan en los mismos puertos los buques de los Estados Unidos de America; ni en los puertos de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos se impondrán á los buques de los Estados Unidos de America otras cargas que las que en los mismos puertos paguen los buques Mexicanos.

ARTICULO VI. Se pagarán los mismos derechos de importacion en los Estados Unidos de America, por los articulos de productos naturales y manufacturas de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, bien sean importados en buques de los Estados Unidos de America ó en buques Mexicanos; y los mismos derechos se pagarán por la importacion en los Estados Unidos Mexicanos de cualquiera articulo de producto natural ó manufactura de los Estados Unidos de America, sea que su importacion se verifique en buques Mexicanos ó de los Estados Unidos de America. Los mismos derechos pagarán, y gozarán las mismas franquicias y descuentos concedidos á la esportacion á Mexico de cualquiera articulos de los productos naturales ó manufacturas de los Estados Unidos de America, sea que la exportacion se haga en buques Mexicanos ó en buques de los Estados Unidos de America, y los mismos derechos se pagarán ye se concederán las mismas franquicias y descuentos á la esportacion de cualquiera articulos de producto natural ó manufactura de Mexico á los Estados Unidos de America, sea que la esportacion se haga en buques de los Estados Unidos de America ó en buques Mexi

canos.

ARTICULO VII. Todo comerciante, comandante de buque, y otros ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos de America gozarán de libertad completa en los Estados Unidos Mexicanos para dirijir ó girar por si sus propios negocios ó para encargar su manejo aquien mejor les parezca, sea corredor, factor, agente ó interprete; y no se les obligará á emplear para estos objetos á ningunas otras personas que aquellas que se emplean por los Mejicanos, ni estarán obligados á pagarles mas salario ó remuneracion que que en semejantes casos pagan los Mejicanos, y se concederá libertad

la.