the countree that he is of, that is to say, be he French, English, Northern, Walshe, or Irysshe. 20th. No man to be so hardy as to cry Havok. The cry of Havock was the signal for the army to disperse and plunder;* the unauthorized use of a cry which must have occasioned so much confusion, was necessarily a high military misdemeanour. The term was perhaps originally one of falconry. "Hafoc" in Saxon means a hawk. Shakspeare has made fine application of this term in his Julius Cæsar, where Anthony says: "And Cæsar's spirit, ranging for revenge, With Até by his side, come hot from hell, 21st. For Brennynge. Setting fire to houses, &c. without orders, forbidden on pain of death. 22d. All filth in the camp to be buried. 23d. Wine and other victual not to be wantonly wasted, a man may take "as much as him needeth."-This ordinance applied to wine in modern days, would have, in many instances, been a license inconsistent with good discipline. I observe in these regulations no provision against drunkenness, whence it may be inferred that the vice was not yet very prevalent. 24th. The Provost and Purveyors for the Ordenaunce not to press horses, oxen, &c. without due contentation to the owners. Any unauthorized person taking horses or oxen going to the plough in a country won or patysed↑ (subdued) to suffer death. 25th. For keeping of the Country. A country won, er * "When the Constable and Marshal come to the felde and cry Havok, every man to take his part."-Harl. MSS. n. 1309. + Q. d. pactised, i. e. brought to terms, from the Latin pactus. by free will offered to the king's obedience, is not to be robbed or pillaged after the king's peace is proclaimed, upon pain of death. He that is thus reduced to the king's obedience to bear a crosse of St. George. 26th. Justice to be kept within the Retinue of the Ordynaunce. The Master of the Ordynaunce to judge of-fenders. Appeal to be allowed to the Marshal. 27th. For taking of Prisoners. He that first shall have his faith may take him for his prisoner, so that he take from him his weapon or some token. The gauntlet or the basnet was generally taken. 28th. For paying of Thryddes (thirds.) A third of all spoil is to be rendered by the soldier to his Captain. The Captain to render to the King a third part of these thirds, and a third of his own particular spoil. 29th. No one to grant a safe conduct or congye (a passport) to a prisoner, but the King, his Lieutenant, or Marshal. No one to grant a safe guard (an escort) to any noble person but the King. 30th. For them that bere not a bonde* or a crosse of St. George. Also that every man goynge in ostynge or batayle of what estate or condycyon he be, of the kynge's partie and hoste (except he be a Bushop or Offycer of Armes) bere a crosse of St. George, suffysaunt and large. Vpon the payne, that if he be wounded or slayne in the defaute therof, he that so woundeth or sleeth hym shall bere no payne therefore. And if he for any cause passes the bondes of the felde, then he bere openly a crosse of Saynt George with his capitaynes conysaunce, upon payne to be emprysoned and punyshed at the Kynge's wyll. And that * Qu, a badge? no souldyour bere no conysaunce, but the kynges and his capitaines upon payne of deth, and that none enemye bere the said signe of St. George, but if he be a prysoner and in warde of his master, upon payne of deth. 31st. For makynge of roodes. No man to make a rood (an inroad) by day or night, without licence of the king or chief captains of the wards. 32d. For assaute making without license. No assaute to be made to Castle, Town, Strength, or Fortress, by Archers, or other Commoners, without the presence of a captain appointed thereto by the King or his Lieutenant. No one to withdraw a servant engaged to another for "the vyage" (expedition), be he soldier, man of arms, archer, groom, or page. 33d. For women in child-bed. No man to be so hardy as to go into a lodging where a woman lieth in child-bed, or to make affray there on pain of death, &c. 34th. For chyldren within the age of 13 years. No one to make children within the age of 13 years prisoners; "but if he be a lord's son, or a worshipful gentlemen's, or rich man's son, or a captain's,” in that case he is to bring him to his lord, master, or captain, as soon as he (the captor) comes to the host. The whole code is summed up with the admonition and declaration which has been recited in the early portion of these notes. Then follows the Colophon. "Emprented at the hughe comaundement of our soverayne lorde the kynge Henry the III, by Richarde Pynson, prynter unto his noble Grace. The pere of our lorde MCCCCC and XIII." At the end is the monogram employed by Pynson, surmounted by a helmet and crest. In the border, a boy shooting with a hackbut at a popinjay, the Virgin and St. Catharine, and the name of "Richard Pynson" at length. Original Documents relating to the Lady Jane Grey's succession to the Crown on the demise of Edward VI. However familiar to the English reader the history of this pious and accomplished young lady may be, we shall observe, in introducing the following papers, that Charles Brandon, Knight of the Garter, Master of the Horse to King Henry VIII. was by him, anno 1513, created Viscount Lisle and Duke of Suffolk; his third wife was Mary, youngest daughter of Henry VII. sister of Henry VIII. and widow of Lewis XII. King of France. Frances, the elder daughter of the issue of this marriage, was married to Henry Grey, Marquis of Dorset, afterwards Duke of Suffolk. Joan or Jane, his elder daughter (a direct descendant of Henry VII. as is seen by the above lineal deduction) was espoused to Guildford Dudley, fourth son of John Duke of Northumberland, who by these means aimed at intimately connecting his family with the regal power, and thus obtaining a good chance of its being finally vested in his own descendants. After the execution of the Lord Protector Seymour Duke of Somerset, the King's maternal uncle, to whose office in the state Northumberland succeeded, the latter persuaded Edward VI. to transfer the Crown to his daughterin-law Jane Dudley, excluding the King's sisters Mary and Elizabeth from the throne. Indeed, he made some unsuccessful attempts to form a matrimonial alliance for the latter with a foreign prince, and the title of both princesses was now set aside on the plea of bastardy, founded on the successive divorces of their mothers Katharine of Arragon and Anna Boleyn, and the danger the Reformed Religion would incur, should Mary (a rigid Papist) or Elizabeth, succeeding to the crown, marry a foreign prince" of the Romish faith, and thus bring the imperial realm of England into the tyranny and servitude of the Bishop of Rome." These contrivances cost in the end Northumberland's own life, and the lives of the innocent Jane, her husband, and her father. The unambitious amiable character of the Lady Jane, inclined her to repudiate rather than to seek worldly honours and elevation. Her good sense suggested to her how slender the legal foundation was of her right to the English throne, the descent of which could not justly be modified by the testamentary decree of any of its occupants pro tempore.* "I know," said she, addressing her fathers by blood and by alliance, "that the laws of this kingdom and natural right, stand for the Lady Mary and Elizabeth, as successors to the crown, in preference to myself. I would beware of burthening my weak conscience with a yoke which belongs to them. I am not so little read in the snares of fortune to suffer myself to be taken by them, she elevates only in order to ruin. If she crown me to-day, she will crush me to-morrow." The persuasions of the Dukes, and of her husband, whom she dearly loved, overcame, however, her better judgment, and she accepted the crown. Her nine days' semblance of a reign,† * A little before the King's death, the Judges were sent for by the King at the suggestion of Northumberland, to draw an assignment of the Crown to the Lady Jane Grey. They all demurred at the proposition as illegal, and were only brought to compliance by the miserable expedient of a pardon under the Great Seal. Hales, although of the Protestant party, at the risk of his property and life, nobly refused his subscription to the last. She was proclaimed by the Lords of the Council on the 10th of July 1553; who reversed the decree and performed the same official act for Mary, on the 19th of the same month. |