by the word talkmasters. If the Noble Lord pointed at him, he was totally wrong; he had no influence over Mr Galloway, neither had he attempted to exert any; he had not lately talked with Mr Galloway: he had heard indeed of the fame facts which Mr Gal. loway had ftated at the bar, a long while ago; he bad heard them in general converfation from Mr Galloway, he knew, therefore, he was in poffeffion of them. Upon Col. Barre's fmiling, and Lord Howe's faying, "I believe you did," Lord George declared, he meant to tell the Houfe the truth honeftly and fairly That it was his duty to fee every American gentleman who came to this country for refuge; that he had feen them all, and he had converfed with them on the fubject of American affairs very fully had he not done fo, he fhould have been guilty of a moft criminal neglect. When he firft faw Mr Galloway, he held this fort of converfation with him; but he had no particular connection with him fince; nay, he did not even know what ftipend Mr Galloway received from the treafury; he knew he received fome income, but he had never inquired what the amount of that in

come was.

Col. Barré declared, he verily believed what the Noble Lord had faid; but he could not help expreffing his furprise at the Noble Lord's ignorance of what Mr · Galloway was paid yearly by the treafury; he should have thought that the Noble Lord was the minifter most likely to be the beft judge of Mr Galloway's penfion. Having faid this, he defended Sir W. Howe againft the avowed intention of clofing the inquiry next Tuesday, and adjourning the Houfe to that day, fo that there could not poffibly be time for the Hon. General to call his witneffes.

It had been faid, that the Hon. General might cross-examine Mr Galloway. He would take upon him to fay, that his Hon. friend would not cross-examine Mr Galloway. His evidence had been of fuch a fort, that his Hon. friend, he was fure, would not condefcend to reap any advantage that he could derive from fuch a witnefs as Mr Galloway. Indeed, to fay the truth, the best way that his Hon. friend could follow, would be to give himself no more trouble about the inquiry; because what juftice could he expect from the examination in which the witnesses had been tampered with?

This declaration creating fome furprife, the Colonel flapped his hand on the trunk on the table, and with a ftronger emphafis repeated the expreffion, that the witneffes had been tampered with He added, that he scorned to convey vere charges in loofe words, or to an an injury indirectly or by infinuation; he would come to the point, and ftat: the grounds on which he refted his fertion. Poffibly it might turn out th he had been mifinformed; he fhould te glad to hear he had. If the Noble Lord would give himself the trouble to repij, he would thank him; he knew the Not Lord to be a man of honour, and t was perfectly convinced the Noble Le was above a falfehood, especially in ans matter that concerned his own chara ter. If the Noble Lord could retate what he was about to fay, he should b ready to acknowledge his error, glad to be fet right. What he allud to was this. An officer of high reptation, an engineer now in the ferva Col. Dixon, was fummoned to the of that Houfe as a witness on the ingr then in queftion. Col. Dixon was t to. [Ld G. Germain faid, "Never me." Mr De Grey, who fat on the k behind Lord George, inftantly said, “i fent to him." The Speaker called to der, and the Colonel went ea.] C Dixon, feeling like a man of honour did not go to the office of the Amer fecretary, from whence he had been fe to. He then received a note, carnef preffing him either to come to the off or to fuffer himself to be waited co, order to talk over the American bufind.. He wrote word, in reply, that he f himfelt particularly circumstanced; he was to be examined as a witness, mi he thought it improper to converse at upon the subject previous to his ex nation; he begged therefore to be cufed coming. Some time afterwards received notice, that there was no ca fion for him to continue in town, that his examination would be difper with. This, the Colonel faid, was ftory he had heard. At the fame ti however, that he mentioned it, he beg ged leave to fay, that he had no quaintance with Col. Dixon: be fupe with the Colonel formerly at Quebe two and twenty years fince, and that time to the prefent he had no int coufe whatever with him. If the f was ill-founded, he repeated that

fhould be glad to hear it fet right. He was ready to give the Noble Lord credit for his denial of having acted in an improper manner refpecting this circumitance; and as there was not a man in the House whofe character he had a greater respect for, than that of the Hon. Gentleman who had faid that he fent to Col. Dixon, he was fure he fhould receive a fatisfactory explanation.

Ld G. Germain declared, that the firft time he heard of the ftory in queftion was the account that reached him of what had been said upon the fubject in the Houfe of Lords laft Thursday by the Earl of Shelburne: That he immediatey made an inquiry into the fact, and then, for the first time, learnt that the Hon. Gentleman behind him had fent to the Colonel: That he had taken no part n the matter either one way or another; and that the Noble Earl who had attacked him in the other Houfe upon it, n very harsh terms, (how decent they night be he did not know, but perhaps hey were fit for that affembly, and cononant to the customs of it), was beforeand with him in being acquainted with t. All he knew refpecting Col. Dixon was this, that he wrote a letter, ftating that he had come a long journey, as he vas in the fervice at Plymouth; that is being to be examined was a matter of great inconvenience, and very far rom pleasant to him, and that he beged to be examined as early as poffible; hat he afterwards attended one day, nd left word that he had done fo with he door-keeper at that Houfe; that he t another time, by a third perfon, figified his wifh, if he were to be exaained, that it might be soon, as the ervice at Plymouth was materially preudiced by his abfence. Upon these inmations, and forefeeing from the length f time that the examination of each vitnefs called took up, that it would e impoffible to examine all he had caued to be fummoned, before the Houfe fe, added to his intention not to queion to military points, and to his recolction that other officers could fpeak to e fame topics which he meant to proofe to Col. Dixon, his Lordship faid, e gave directions that the Colonel might e informed that his examination would e difpenfed with. This, and this aone, his Lordship declared, was the afon of his letting him know he would ot be wanted as a witnefs; and furely,

if gentlemen confidered, that he had as yet called but two witneffes; that one of the two had taken up three whole days, and the other was likely to take up two or three, when he ordered Col. Dixon to be wrote to, added to his declaration that his absence was prejudicial to the fervice at Plymouth, they would not think there was any thing very cenfurable in his difpenfing with the Colonel's farther attendance.

Mr De Grey defired to preface what he fhould fay upon the subject, with declaring, that if there was blame due to any perfon for the notes fent to Col. Dixon, defiring him to come to his Noble friend's office, he and he only merited that blame. The fact was this: Having occafion to fummon a variety of officers to attend as witneffes upon the inquiry, moft of whom he did not know, and many of whom he had never seen, he had, when the inquiry came on, thought it due from him as a matter of civility to fee each, in order to converfe with them on the fubject of American affairs, and to ftate to them what que ftions he should propound to them: among others he fent a note to Col. Dixon; the Colonel did not come, but wrote an antwer, begging, from motives of delicacy, to decline the interview. The anfwer, Mr De Grey faid, was far from uncivil or unfriendly in any point: it did not hint at his having done wrong in defiring to fee the Colonel; and he fhould hold himself guilty of a bafenefs beyond all hopes of pardon, if he could have offered fo grofs an infult to an officer, as to have attempted, in any degree, to tamper with him as an evidence; much more should he have been afhamed of infulting an officer of such high character and rank as Col. Dixon bore, by any improper attempt to warp his integrity as a witnefs. He declared he gave the Colonel credit for that delicacy of feeling which prevented his agreeing to the interview; at the fame time, however, he was not confcious of having acted improperly in inviting him. He had fairly ftated the fact to the Houfe, and he was ready to fubmit his conduct to their judgement, convinced of their candour, and confcious that they would not presume a bad intention where there really was none. With regard to what his Noble friend had faid upon the fubject, it was exactly as he had mentioned the matter. Col. Dixon had written to 4U2

com

complain of his long journey, of the prejudice the fervice would receive from his abfence, of his objection to be examined at all, and of his defire to be examined as early as possible if his examination were indifpenfable. His Noble friend, before he knew of the correfpondence that had paffed between him and Col. Dixon, finding that he could difpenfe with Col. Dixon's examination, had given directions that the Colonel fhould have notice that he might return to Plymouth.

Col. Barré faid, he was perfectly convinced that the fact was exactly as it had been stated by the Hon. Gentleman who Spoke laft: he appealed, however, to the House, whether he was not justified in all he had faid refpecting it, although it had appeared, that inftead of the matter's lying at the Noble Lord's door, it was afcribable to the zeal of the Hon. Gentleman who spoke laft to ferve his Noble friend. He declared, he did not wonder at the Hon. Gentleman's zeal carrying him a little too far, as it had done on the occafion in queftion. His zeal for his Noble friend nevertheless did him the highest honour, and would do honour to any man. He then declared, that though he knew Gen. Gray intimately, and had known him long, he had not gone fo far with him; on the contrary, he had hunned converfing with him on the fubject. To another officer who had been fummoned, but who was not examined, he had only defired him to prepare himself with firmnefs against he came to the bar of the Houfe of Commons; told him that he was going upon a fervice of danger, that he knew he was a man of honour, and that he would fpeak his real fentiments, to which he left him. The Colonel faid there was another matter which deferved fome notice. The Noble Lord had mentioned what the Earl of Shelburne had faid in another affembly, and had declared, that he mentioned the affair of Col. Dixon in harfh terms; how decent they were he knew not, but he fuppofed they were fit for that aflembly. In answer to this, he had only to fay, this was not parliamentary language; that the other affembly knew what terms were decent, and beft knew what terms were fit for tfelf. If the Noble Lord thought the terme too harth, he referred him to the Earl of Shelburne for an explanation.

Sir W. Howe ftated what had been

the treatment of Mr Galloway when he joined the army in America, and his appointments; declaring, he firft paid him 2001. a-year; and afterwards, at Philadelphia, appointed him to an office in which he received 650l. a-year. Af ter enlarging upon this, Sir William concluded with declaring, he should th himfelf very hardly treated, if he was fufed an opportunity of calling a witren or two to answer what Mr Galloway bad declared at the bar.

The order for the committee to it on the American correfpondence wa discharged, and another order was mae for the committee to fit on the 29th; and then the Houfe adjourned to the 29th.

On the 29th the order of the day w read, to go into a committee on the American correfpondence; but Gen. Howe not being present, Mr R. Whitworth faid, it was not fair to go into an emination of evidence in the abfence st the General, especially as fuch evideac related to his conduct; and therem moved to adjourn. The motion carried without any debate. Thus the committee expired.

Sir W. Meredith, next day, took so tice of the fudden manner in which the committee of inquiry on the American affairs had been diffolved the day before, without coming to any refolution: b would not make any motion, as he found it was the fense of the House to go o farther into the business; but as the Ge neral and his Noble brother were prefett, he thought, if they had any thing to d fer, the House fhould now hear them.

Sir W. Howe faid, that he was e ceedingly furprised to find, on com down to the Houfe, the day before, because he was not in his place, the Houfe had been adjourned. He can down to the House by four o'clock; › had he conceived that his prefence wa neceflary in the examination of Mr Ga loway, he would certainly have attende earlier. He did not mean to ask th gentleman any questions, he would t afk him any,—and there being ftill m ny witnesses to examine on the part miniftry, he did not think that his ab fence for a quarter of an hour could have been any reason for breaking up the con mittee. He wished to have brought vidence to contradict the facts affered by Mr Galloway, particularly that p of his conduct refpecting the Genera conduct to the magiftrates of Philaci

phia. As it was, he called upon the minifter for the American department to clear up his character, by telling the House if he had any thing to lay to the charge of himself or his brother; for now was the time, if he had collected any criminality of conduct from the evidence at the bar to declare, and not to let the House rife with the idea of hidden imputations, which made it improper for them to be employed in the fervice of their country.

Lord Howe called upon the minifter in the fame manner, for the benefit of the fea and land fervice, to declare his reafons, if he had any, why his Majefty's minifters had withdrawn their confidence from him and his brother: if they had done any thing that rendered them incapable of ferving their country, or if he intended any future charge against them, he defired it might be declared; or if not, that all imputations might be wiped away, by his avowal that he had no accufation against them. While imputations refled on their characters unrefuted, it was not poffible for them to enjoy the confidence of their country, it was not poffible for them to act in its defence. He lamented exceedingly the effects of fuch treatment. Officers would see caufe for apprehenfion, and would feel themselves unfafe in the fervice, if minifters failed to protect the honour of the men they employed, if they liftened to private attacks, if they encouraged private afperfions. It is the duty of minifters to protect their officers to a certain extent, and not reduce them to the melancholy neceflity of weighing maters, in every extremity, with all the circumfpection neceffary to felf-defence. If they do not do this, and if they should be fufpected, instead of this, of giving ear to imputations fuggefted by infeiors; if an idea fhould prevail in the ninds of men near to the perfons of oficers in command, that there are furer roads to favour, than obedience to command; if it fhould be fuggefted, that here are higher authorities whom men ought to have in their eyes, and to obige rather than the generals in comnand; if thefe fuggeftions fhould preail in our fleets and armies, what offier would think himself safe to serve, nd what must be the confequence to his country?

Lord George Germain did not speak. Earl Nugent gave it as his opinion, hat no charge was ever intended from

the beginning of this inquiry to the end; that the General and his brother, so far from being blamed, had the approbation of their Sovereign, and of all rational men within the House and out of it for their conduct in authority. He declared, that no confidence was withdrawn from them, and told them, if they would offer their fervices, he was certain they would be accepted.

Rt Hon. T. Townshend faid, he accepted this fair declaration in favour of his worthy friends, and defired it might be remembered, that all infinuations, and all imputation on the characters of thofe brave commanders, were treated with the contempt they deferved by the friends of the miniftry. He highly ap proved of Sir W. Howe's refolution to afk no quetions of Mr Galloway; a man who remembered every military manouvre that had, as well as thofe which had not taken place; but who recollected nothing of his own conduct in the American congrefs; - remembered no votes he gave there; - remembered not even on what conditions he held his penfion; - nay, who remembered not whether he held it for life, or during pleafure: - a man of fuch a memory was very improper, in his opinion, to be ask. ed queftions of. He hoped it would be remembered, he said, that that inquiry was concluded at a time when the movers and objects of it were abfent; that it was concluded without any propofitions being drawn from it; and that mi nifters were filent when two of the greateft officers faid there were imputations thrown upon their conduct, which prevented them from ferving their country, and yet were denied the justice of refuting them.

Mr Dunning faid, he rofe with aftonifhment, and fhould fit down with it, if the minifter for the American department remained filent; for though the Noble Lord, his friend, had delivered his opinion, which was his own, and that of the people of England, that the General and his Noble brother deferve the warmeft praises of their country, he fhould think that minister culpable, and deferving fevere punishment, who would not openly acknowledge it; neither could he expect, that under such circumftances the General or his brother could offer their services to their country while that administration continued.

Not one of the minifters faid a word.
Before

Before the fame committee Gen. Burgoyne made his defence, by having the following officers examined; Gen. Carleton, Earl of Balcarras, Capt. Money, Earl of Harrington, Major Forbes, Capt. Blomfield, and Lt-Col. Kington; and his evidence was clofed on the 2d of June. Concerning this inquiry, (the particulars of which we have not room to infert), Gen. Burgoyne fays, in his letter to his constituents [620.], "It has anfwered my purpose so far as to fix upon record a body of evidence that I would not exchange for all that power could beftow. It is a juftification of Misfortune by the voice of Honour. It is there apparent what the army under my command, who felt moft and faw beft, thought of my actions. The affections of my gallant comrades, unfhaken in every trial, labour, famine, captivity, or death, enable me to defpife the rancour of a cabal, and all its confequences."

A fuccedaneum for TAR.

Some gentlemen of Bristol having fet up works for extracting the oil out of pitcoal, ufed for making lampblack, this oil is alfo boiled down to the confiftence of tar, which it exactly resembles in colour and quality, and is with difficulty diftinguished from real tar. Seve ral fhips in this port have had their bottoms payed with it; and though it is found to be a more excellent prefervative against the worms, it has the happy advantage of being rendered at nearly half the price of real tar. It may be alfo ufed with fuccefs in every cafe in which tar is employed. The oil is alfo boiled down to the confiftence of pitch, which it is alfo ufed for, and is found an excellent fuccedaneum for that article. After the oil is extracted from the coal, the refiduum is a very good coke.

M. CONTADES's Will.

THE HE late Monf. de Contades, Marshal of France, who, from the various pofts he had filled in that government, had amaffed a very large fortune, made his will as follows: "I give and bequeath to the public fervice all my real and perfonal citate and effects whatever, or whereforver.-In my country's fervice 1 obtained them, and to its fervice I hereby dedicate all I now ftand possesfed of."

Adm. Pallifer's trial, continued. [476.]

After the evidence for the profecution was closed, Adm. Pallifer requested of the court, April 28. that as his voice was weak, the judge-advocate might be permitted to read his defence; whic being immediately complied with, ti gentleman read in substance as follows, "Mr Prefident, and Gentlemen of the cout,

BEFORE I enter into the formal vindcation of my conduct, I intreat the indulgence of the court whilst I speak a few words concerning the peculiar circum ftances under which I appear before them. There is fome confolation in lamenting my misfortunes in the prefence of perfons of generous minds; men whole honourable feelings will not deny the bute of commiferation to the unforta nate.

I may truly call myself unfortunatem the fevereft fenfe of the word; for thofe fufferings which now affie m have been brought on by the puríst a candid and fair hearing to defend character against the unprovoked atta of the most inveterate and unrelenting t nemies.

Four and forty years I have now h the honour to ferve my king and con try in the navy; during which long tim I have not been without my share of the hardships, the dangers, and distressful.cidents, fo common to men of our profe fion. From the commencement of the long fervice, it has ever been my firft a bition to deferve the favourable opin on of my countrymen, by the moft ind ftrious exertion of my faculties in etery way proper for a naval officer; hav neglected no opportunity of mecting th public enemy, or of performing any othe duty to which I was competent.

It has been my good fortune to have had my labours in the fervice rewarded by my fovereign with honourable profitable offices; and alio, till the cafion of the prefent trial, uniformly t meet with the approbation of my fupe riors in command. But I have ever ve Jued my honour and character as an of cer and a man, at a higher rate than th emoluments of the most beneficial en ployments; and it has ever been principle to be ready to facrifice the latter, rather than tamely fubmit to the affaffination of the former.

When it was thought expedient to our fleets against France, though already