Fundamentalisms and the State: Remaking Polities, Economies, and MilitanceMartin E. Marty, R. Scott Appleby Do fundamentalisms tend toward political activism, and how successful have they been in remaking political structures? To answer this question, the contributors to this volume— political scientists, historians of religion, anthropologists, and sociologists—discuss the anti- abortion movement, Operation Rescue in the United States, the Islamic war of resistance in Afghanistan, Shi'ite jurisprudence in Iran, and other issues. The volume considers the effect that antisecular religious movements have had over the past twenty-five years on national economies, political parties, constitutional issues, and international relations on five continents and within the traditions of Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism. Marty and Appleby conclude with a synthetic statement on the fundamentalist impact on polities, economies, and state security. The Fundamentalism Project, Volume 3 Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appleby direct the Fundamentalism Project. Marty, the Fairfax M. Cone Distinguished Service Professor of the History of Modern Christianity at the University of Chicago, is the senior editor of the Christian Century and the author of numerous books, including the multivolume Modern American Religion, also published by the University of Chicago Press. Appleby, a research associate at the University of Chicago, is the author of “Church and Age Unite!” The Modernist Impulse in American Catholicism. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Remaking Polities | 11 |
Introduction Fundamentalism and Politics | 13 |
Fundamentalism and American Law | 24 |
Fundamentalism Ethnicity and Enclave | 46 |
Jewish Fundamentalism and the Israeli Polity | 64 |
Shiite Jurisprudence and Constitution Making in the Islamic Republic of Iran | 84 |
The Fundamentalist Impact on Law Politics and Constitutions in Iran Pakistan and the Sudan | 106 |
Heirs to the Protestant Ethic? The Economics of American Fundamentalists | 338 |
Buddhist Economics and Buddhist Fundamentalism in Burma and Thailand | 363 |
The Economic Impact of Hindu Revivalism | 406 |
Remaking the World through Militancy | 423 |
Comparing Militant Fundamentalist Movements and Groups | 425 |
Three Models of Religious Violence The Case of Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel | 458 |
Afghanistan An Islamic War of Resistance | 487 |
Militancy and Religion in Contemporary Iran | 507 |
Fundamentalist Influence in Egypt The Strategies of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Takfir Groups | 148 |
Islamic Taj did and the Political Process in Nigeria | 180 |
The Nakshibendi Order of Turkey | 200 |
Hindu Fundamentalism and the Structural Stability of India | 229 |
Sikh Fundamentalism Translating History into Theory | 252 |
Restructuring Economies | 283 |
Fundamentalisms and the Economy | 285 |
The Economic Impact of Islamic Fundamentalism | 298 |
Hizbullah The Calculus of Jihad | 535 |
Saving Americas Souls Operation Rescues Crusade against Abortion | 553 |
Buddhism Politics and Violence in Sri Lanka | 585 |
Conclusion Remaking the State The Limits of the Fundamentalist Imagination | 616 |
List of Contributors | 641 |
Index | 645 |
Common terms and phrases
abortion activists activities Afghan Afghanistan Akali American Arab assassination Ayatollah believe Buddhist Burma Burmese century Christian Christian Right clerics conservative constitution Court culture Damdami Taksal elections established ethnic evangelical forces funda fundamentalism fundamentalist fundamentalist movements groups Gush Emunim haredi Hindu Hizbullah Ibid ideology Imam impact India institutions Iran Iran's Iranian Islamic banks Islamic economics Islamic law Israel Israeli issue Jewish Jews jihad jurists Kahane Khomeini leaders leadership Lebanon liberal major ment militant military modern monks moral Muslim Brotherhood Nakshibendi nationalist Nigeria Numayri official Operation Rescue organization Pakistan party percent political Press pro-life Protestant Punjab Qur'an radical reform regime religion religious revolution revolutionary role rule sacred sangha Saudi schools secular Shari'a Shaykh Shi'ism Shi'ite Sikh Singh Sinhalese social society Sri Lanka Sudan Sunni Tamil Terry Thailand tion traditional ulama University violence zakat