mond bridge-work, wherein three porcelain-faced crowns were suspended between a second molar and a cuspid, gold caps covering these teeth and reaching under the free margins of the gum. This case provoked a very free discussion of the merits of the ferruled crown or those without. The advocates of ali-porcelain crowns claimed that teeth capped or crowned by a system having a band or ferrule extending to or under the gum were sure to excite local or pericemental inflammation, frequently causing putrescent gums and loss of the member. The supporters of the ferrule theory thought there was lack of stability in a crown without an outside support in the shape of a band, and that when all-porcelain crowns were used the roots were liable to split; and if teeth were united to form a bridge, as in the case presented, they must rest on the gums, which was as liable to produce inflammation in one case as in the other.

Dr. E. Parmly Brown, of Flushing, L. I., displayed several fine cases of all-porcelain crown and bridge work. The gums at the cervical borders and where the crowns rested were as healthy as any other part of the mouth.

Dr. M. Eynear, of New York, showed a new form of his crown having a porcelain front.

Dr. Geo. Evans, of New York, exhibited his gold sqamless, contour, crowns and described the following method of expanding a collar or seamless gold crown: Place a soft mass of gutta-percha the size of the collar upon the closed ends of a clamp forceps, and introduce it inside the collar or neck of the crown, previously moistened to prevent adhesion; remove and harden in cold water, cutting through between the points of the forceps. This furnishes a means of expanding collars or crowns in any direction.

Dr. C. W. F. Holbrook, of Newark, contributed an ingenious diskholder, which was operated by Mr. Fenno. The center of the disk is an oblong metal eyelet. By inserting the cross-head of the holder into this eyelet and giving it a quarter turn it slips into a slot, which, aided by a spring, securely clamps the disk.

Dr. J. A. Kimball, of New York, demonstrated with his non-separable disk-holder; also described his method of lining discolored cavities. After preparing the cavity it is moistened with a saturated solution of chloride of zinc and oxide of zinc, then blown in with a chip-blower. This rapidly hardens, and he is soon able to complete the filling with gold.

Dr. H. H. Sisson, of New York, showed his disk shield.

Dr. S. J. Shaw, of Boston, had a collection of very ingenious rubber regulating plates constructed on the plan of compensating force, the principle involved being of new application in orthodontia. Briefly stated, Dr. Shaw's theory of regulation is that force must be applied in two places at least, and whether the force be the jack-screw, spring, or elastic, if at one point it is applied to bring a tooth into line, the other extreme may be utilized to move in or out as the case requires, without loss of force. This he accomplished by jointed rubber levers in the cases shown. The rubber plates usually cover the molars, and are removable by the patient. Dr. Shaw's method of showing the position of the teeth before regulation began and at completion is worthy of general adoption, making in one cast both views of the case, the heels being together.

Dr. A. W. Harlan, of Chicago, operated for a case of pyorrhea alveolaris. In removing the serumal deposits he used his own form of instruments, involving a push motion, going two-thirds the length of the tooth, or beyond the bifurcation of a molar. The pocketswere syringed out with a one-in-a-thousandth solution of corrosive sublimate, and peroxide of hydrogen, as a disinfectant and germicide, followed by a ten-percent, solution of resorcin in four days, and repeated eight days after the operation, which is usually sufficient to effect a cure. Dr. Harlan described an original method of operating for recession of gums at the necks of teeth. After removing deposits around the roots of teeth, a crescent-shaped incision is made through the gum about a line from the gingival margin, cutting to the alveolar process if present, if not to the root. Fill this incision with granular iodide of zinc, as a stimulant and irritant, which usually forces the gum by the formation of new tissue in the incision to its original position. In case insufficient new tissue is formed at the first operation two vertical incisions are made, and again packed with iodide of zinc. Fifteen days should elapse between the first and second operations, and in no case cut so as to open or destroy the gingival margin of the gum.

Dr. R. B. Adair, of Gainsville, Ga., treated a case of pyorrhea, removing the tartar. He syringed the gums where separated from the teeth with peroxide of hydrogen. In suppurating cases he uses a Donaldson broach to remove the free tartar, moistening the gum with a saturated solution of creasote and iodine; afterward applying a mixture of tannin, glycerin, and honey, which he said united with the saliva, forming a tannate of albumen. He repeats his treatment every twenty-four hours. Completing the hygienic treatment, he brushes the patient's teeth every morning with a prophylactic toothbrush. He said it usually took from ten to a hundred daj^s to effect a cure.

Dr. E. C. Kirk, of Philadelphia, implanted a central for Dr. Bisbee, of Maine, on Tuesday, and on Wednesday a superior lateral for George Owens, a patient of Dr. Sisson. In both cases a fifty-percent, solution of cocaine was injected through in front of the border of the gum. As little remains in the tissue, a strong solution of cocaine is necessary for the desired effect. In the last case the patient said he only felt the pain from the needle, not the drilling of the socket. The teeth were sterilized in Dr. Kirk's apparatus, giving different strengths of bichloride of mercury, and implanted in half an hour.

Dr. G. L. Curtis, of Syracuse, implanted a left superior first bicuspid for Dr. Lamb, of Port Henry, N. Y., and held it in place with a staple of platinum and iridium wire, drilling into it and the adjoining bicuspid and cementing the staple with phosphate of zinc.

Dr. J. Bond Littig, of New York, introduced several cases where he had tipped and contoured front teeth with porcelain, meeting with good results. He uses English teeth; thinks them stronger and the pins nearer the tips, so there is less purchase to break off the piece.

Dr. C. N. Peirce, of Philadelphia, filled a molar with globe foil without dam or napkin, the only precaution being to fill the mouth and cavity with clear water instead of saliva before putting in the gold. Hand-pressure and serrated instruments were used in introducing the gold.

Dr. E. S. Gaylord, of New Haven, burnished in Wolrab and Williams gold, a la Shumway.

Dr. J. F. P. Hodson, of New York, built down two central incisors, contouring with Watts's crystal gold, and condensing with hand mallet.

Dr. H. C. Eegister, of Philadelphia, operated with his engine, which has a self-compensating cord regulating the tension, working a corundum wheel, hand-piece, and mallet. Dr. Register put in a combination filling of gold and copper amalgam, packing the alloy at the cervical wall against a matrix, condensing the gold at the crown with his mechanical mallet.

Dr. F. W. Dolbear, of Brooklyn, exhibited his heroic engine. The drive-wheel is stationary behind the chair. A tall standard with swing arm and S. S. White flexible cable attached, brings the handpiece over and in front of the patient in convenient position. It seems powerful and adaptable.

Dr. W. G. A. Bonwill, of Philadelphia, demonstrated with his engine, mallet, and hand-piece.

Dr. J. H. Coyle, of Thomasville, Ga., exhibited a small but effective engine mallet, the design of F. C. Price. A pitman drew up and released a spring, giving a rapid and direct blow.

Dr. A. H. Gilson, of Boston, showed his pneumatic mallet, which has a very adjustable and rapid stroke. It was worked by an aircompressor which may be used as a chip-blower, canal-drier, or to run a blow-pipe. He also exhibited a disk-receiver which secures them in convenient shape for immediate use. His rubber polishers did effective service.

Dr. C. F. Bliven, of Worcester, exhibited a pneumatic mallet worked by the C. & C. electric motor. It was observed that all exhibitors of mallets compared theirs to the electric, claiming equal utility. Dr. A. H. Shattuek, of Pawtucket, B. L, showed some fine specimens of his standard gold alloy, which he says will not shrink, discolor, or bulge. It is a tri-metal alloy, of gold, silver, and tin. The doctor thinks the addition of other metals of no practical value

Dr. Geo. W. Melotte, of Ithaca, N. Y., gave a clinic showing a great variety of mechanical apparatus. With a reversible, tilting melting cup, he melted two pennyweights of twenty-carat gold in sixty-five seconds. He has a blow-pipe adaptable to either nitrous oxide or illuminating gas, which has a spring key for delicate adjustment. It is supported by a standard with a universal joint. He showed his system of die-making for crown-work. The impression of a short root or the cusp of a tooth is taken in stick shellac or sealing wax slightly warmed, which is placed on a rubber cork, thus forcing back the gum. A rubber tube stretched over the cork and impression completes the mold for the die. Into this is poured a metal fusible at one hundred and twelve degrees. Tin foil is burnished with the hands over the portion taken from the impression, to prevent adhesion, with the rubber tube again forming a mold, another pour is made, completing both dies with one melt of the metal.

Dr. D. G-enese, of Baltimore, exhibited a siphon tongue-holder which ejects the saliva when in use, the piece covering the tongue acting as a mirror. Also a dental speculum which aids in operating about the buccal cavities.

Dr. C. E. Butler, of Cleveland, showed a rubber-dam holder having a double buckle.

G. W. Harkins, of Newark, presented electro deposits made on plaster models as a base to build vulcanite plates on. The deposited plate was of pure silver, covered with pure gold, giving, he claimed, a closer adaptation and better fit than by plates struck with dies.

In hygienics, the Horsey Manufacturing Company, of Utica, exhibited a large variety of tooth-cleaners and polishers, in the shape of an adjustable felt tooth-brush. While it seems an innovation on the bristle brush, it evidently would not cause the mechanical abrasion laid at the door of the latter. Seabury & Johnston distributed fine specimens of styptic cotton and napkins, also packages of their antiseptic hydronaphthol.

Dr. W. S. Elliott, of Hartford, demonstrated with a universal separator which seemed a modification of the Jarvis pattern.

Dr. J. Gr. Morey, of New York, exhibited his compound lever and universal separator.

Dr. L. C. Gilhart, of Susquehanna, Pa., exhibited steel wedges and burs, which he said were tempered by a new process. They seemed none the wTorse after the very hard usage to which they were subjected.

Dr. J. O. Flower, of Pittsburg, operated a diamond drill which he said was brazed into a steel bit, cutting equally well on the side as the point.

The C. & 0. electric motor made a fine display, running an engine or mallet with two, four, or six cells of its battery. The motor runs equally well with a current from an incandescent circuit, taking ]}ower from a street electric wire.

The Detroit exhibit was of an electric motor and battery which ran an engine or mallet with varying speed according to the number of cells used. The exhibitor thinks it can be used for dental purposes at a cost of twenty-five cents per week.

Dr. 0. C. Carroll, of New York, demonstrated the uses of aluminum in prosthetic dentistry. He mounted S. S. White plain teeth upon a model as for rubber work, and invested it in a perforated iron flask, and by a pneumatic crucible forced the molten aluminum into the matrix, attaching the teeth, making a complete piece, whether for crown, bridge, or plate, in a simple manner. He uses a small gasoline furnace for heating.

B. C. Nash, D.D.S., Secretary.

PIEST DISTEIOT DENTAL SOCIETY, STATE OP NEW YOKE.

The First District Dental Society of the State of New York held a regular monthly meeting, Tuesday evening, February 7, 1888, in the rooms of The S. S. White Dental Manufacturing Company, Broadway and Thirty-second street.

The president, Dr. W. W. Walker, in the chair.

Dr. C. S. W. Baldwin, of the Clinic Committee, read the following

Clinic Keport.

There were about eighty present at the clinic this afternoon. . . Dr. Wm. N. Morrison, of St. Louis, sent specimens of mineral wool for filling the canals of pulpless teeth. He advocates filling the lower point of the root with gold wire, then with a mixture of oxychloride of zinc and this wool, which has a short fiber, he fills the bulb