FIRE INSURANCE CLUB OF CHICAGO 71 FEDERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Jersey City, N. J. (Marine). Organized 1901; capital, $1,000,000. Percy Chubb, president; Max Grunder, secretary. Admitted assets, December 31, 1914, $3,505,127.19; liabilities, $1,300,385.24. FEDERAL UNION INSURANCE COMPANY, Chicago, Ill. Organized 1908; capital, $200,000. V. F. Mashek, president; M. F. Rittenhouse and A. W. Ellenberger, vice-presidents; F. H. Osborn, secretary and managing underwriter; T. L. Osborn, treasurer. Admitted assets, December 31, 1913, $227,973.85; liabilities, $82,919.40. FERRIS, HENRY J., assistant secretary of the Home Insurance Company of New York, was born in Stamford, Conn., of American parentage, August 18, 1844. He was educated in a private school in Stamford, and after spending three years in a dry goods jobbing house in New York entered the service of the Home in April, 1863. FIDELITY-PHENIX FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY of New York. Capital, $2,500,000. Henry Evans, president; George E. Kline, vice-president; J. E. Lopez, second vice-president and secretary; David Rumsey, second vice-president and counsel; James A. Swinnerton, Charles R. Street, Ernest Sturm, and F. R. Millard, secretaries; C. A. Cross, auditor; S. R. Kennedy and Norman T. Robertson, assistant secretaries. Admitted assets, December 31, 1914, $15,278,993.56; liabilities, $8,749,600.72. FIELD CLUB OF CALIFORNIA was organized in January, 1909, and its membership is composed of special agents and adjusters in California and Nevada. Its objects are social and to promote the interests of and good practices in fire underwriting. Officers were elected as follows: President, Amos Sewell; vicepresident, F. P. Wilson; secretary, Geo. C. Codding, San Francisco. The present officers, elected in January, 1915, are: President, J. W. Warner, California Fire; secretary-treasurer, Geo. C. Codding, Springfield Fire and Marine. FIRE ASSOCIATION OF PHILADELPHIA. Chartered in 1817 and in 1871 organized as a stock company; capital, $750,000. E. C. Irvin, president; T. H. Conderman, vice-president; John B. Morton, second vice-president; M. G. Garrigues, secretary; R. N. Kelly, assistant secretary. Admitted assets, December 31, 1914, $9,106,476.74; liabilities, $6,103,704.65. FIRE ENGINEERS, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF. [See National Association of Fire Engineers.] FIRE INSURANCE CLUB OF CHICAGO. The membership of the club includes managers, general agents, special agents and local agents, as well as many of the employees of general and 72 FIRE INSURANCE SALVAGE CORPS OF BROOKLYN local fire insurance agencies and a number of managers and employees of the Casualty companies, and agencies and was organized on February 6, 1901. As stated in its constitution, the club's object is "to assist its members in becoming thoroughly conversant with the technique of fire insurance in all its departments, and to further the social intercourse of its members." male persons eighteen years of age or over, who are engaged in the fire insurance business or its affiliated occupations may become members. All The present officers, elected in December, 1914, are: President, E. W. Jewell, Atlas; vice-president, C. G. Whipple, National Fire; secretary, J. A. Warren, Insurance Co. of North America; treasurer, Ross Whitney; librarian, Lee Lewland, Western; directors, George A. Morin, W. A. Robertson, W. S. Murray. FIRE. INSURANCE COMPANIES FAILED [See Reinsured and Failed Companies.] FIRE INSURANCE POLICY. also other policy forms.] IN 1914. [See Policy, Standard Fire; FIRE INSURANCE RESULTS IN 1914. [See Results of Fire Underwriting in 1914.] FIRE INSURANCE RISKS, LIMITATION OF, BY LAW. [See Limitation of Risks in Fire Underwriting.] FIRE INSURANCE SALVAGE CORPS OF BROOKLYN, N. Y. This organization was authorized by act of the legislature of New York of 1895, to be maintained by a tax upon the premiums of fire insurance companies doing business in Brooklyn. The first meeting of the companies comprising the corporation was held June 28, 1895, and the following officers were elected: George M. Coit, president; Hugo Schumann, vice-president; William T. Lane, treasurer; Britton C. Thorn, secretary. Britton C. Thorn was appointed superintendent, and the corps went into service December 16, 1895. There are three stations, consisting of a force of ten officers and fifty-two patrolmen. James O. Schwank is superintendent. The report on the operations of the three stations for the year ending December 31, 1914, gave the total number of alarms and fires attended by the corps as 3,209 as against 3,022 in 1913. The total insurance involved was $37,962,902.98. The total loss in the district under protection of the corps was $2,435,027.48, of which $1,001,481.20 was on buildings and $1,433,546.28 on contents. The total insurance on buildings was $27,009,881.19 and on contents, $10,953,021.79. The total exposure losses were on buildings, $72,257.12, and contents, $92,202.27. The principal causes of fires were: burning chimneys, 75; burning rubbish, 44; boys with fire, 140; carelessness with candles, 278; with matches, 721; children with matches, 379; defective chimneys, 118; electric wires, 90; overheated stoves, 112; supposed incen FIREMAN'S FUND INSURANCE COMPANY 73 diary, 63; unknown, 1,498; gas jet and curtain, 191; carelessness of smokers, 315. The directors of the Corps are: E. E. Pearce, president; J. G. Hilliard, vice-president; A. M. Thorburn, treasurer; John H. Kelly, secretary; and Henry W. Eaton, George B. Edwards M. J. Ennis, Harold Herrick, J. A. Kelsey, Charles H. Post, Wallace Reid, C. F. Shallcross, E. G. Snow, and A. H. Wray. FIRE INSURANCE SOCIETY OF NEWARK, N. J., was organized in December, 1909, for the purpose of studying fire hazards and prevention and for educational and social work. Officers were elected as follows: President, George C. Plume; vicepresident, Albert H. Hassinger; secretary and treasurer, John E. Mayer. The present officers, elected in 1914, are: President, Matthias J. Price; vice-presidents, Frank B. Heller and Bennett H. Fishler; secretary and treasurer, George H. Murdoch; executive committee, Edward, Hand, chairman; William R. Conlon, John J. Crawley, Albert H. Hassinger, Charles M. Henry, Robert C. King, Robert A. Osborne, George C. Plume. FIRE INSURANCE SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. The society was organized to aid members in studying questions arising in connection with insurance, and fire protection and prevention. The officers elected at the annual meeting in January, 1915, are: President, Edgar A. Law; vice-presidents, Miles C. Young, Albert C. Rommel; secretary, Charles J. Fitzgerald; treasurer, James A. McGann. FIRE INSURANCE SOCIETY OF PITTSBURGH, PA., was organized in December, 1911, and the officers elected were: President, D. F. Collingwood; vice-presidents, A. M. Hust, A. H. Eckert and F. W. Kiefer; secretary, John R. Wineman; treasurer, B. D. Cole. The present officers, elected in December, 1914, are: President, Edward Benswanger; vice-presidents, A. C. Darragh, W. T. Bode, and C. C. Kohne; secretary, P. E. Zimmerman; treasurer, H. P. Lichtenthaler; executive committee: Leroy Stevens, H. J. Kohler, and C. L. Richey. FIREMAN'S FUND INSURANCE COMPANY of San Francisco. Organized May, 1863. Its present officers are: Bernard Faymonville, president; J. B Levison, vice-president; Louis Weinmann, secretary; Herbert P. Blanchard and John S. French, assistant secretaries; A. W. Follansbee Jr., marine secretary; Thos. M. Gardiner, treasurer. Its capital was originally $200,000, increased in 1865 to $500,000. In the Chicago and Boston fires the company paid over three-quarters of a million dollars, at which time an assessment of 50 per cent. was collected and its capital was temporarily reduced to $300,000, but increased in 1880 to $750,000, and again increased in 1886 to $1,000,000. In the San Francisco conflagration of 1906, all the company's books and papers were burned in the destruction of its home office building. An assessment of 300 per cent. was levied on its stockholders, and claims exceeding eleven million dollars settled without any records to refer to. On January 10, 1907, the paid-up capital was temporarily increased to $1,600,000 and in January, 1909, permanently adjusted at $1,500,000. Its assets January 1, 1915, were $10,175,434.49, with a reinsurance reserve of $5,244,797.20, and a net surplus of $2,275,058.51. FIRE MARSHAL DEPARTMENTS, CHIEF OFFICERS OF. The following is a list of state officials having charge of the investigation of fires. [See also Fire Marshal Laws.] States Connecticut. District of Columbia. Illinois. Indiana Iowa. Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland. Mississippi. Montana North Carolina Oklahoma. South Dakota. Tennessee. Texas Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin. Names (2) T. L. Austin C. C. Bosworth. G. Ed. Myers. W. C. Schuyler. Official Residences New Orleans. Lincoln. Raleigh. . Oklahoma City. Austin. Richmond. Charleston. IChief of State Police. 2 Insurance commissioner. 3Appointed by State Auditor and ex-officio insurance commissioner. 4The department is known as the "Fire Marshals' Department of the District Police" and the official title is "Deputy chief of the district police." 6Comptroller General. 7 Deputy Fire Commissioner. 8Appointed by Insurance Commission. 9Fire Marshal of the State Insurance Commission. (a) Marshall is appointed by governor but is under control of the Insurance Department. FIRE MARSHAL LAWS. Laws establishing the office of state fire marshal were adopted in Massachusetts and Maryland in 1894, which appears to have been the first legislation providing for investigation of fires by a distinct state department, or as a function of the insurance departments. Laws, providing for the investigation of fires in some manner are now in force in the following states: Alabama (1897, 1909. and 1911); Connecticut (1901 and 1903); Iowa (1911); Illinois (1909); Indiana (1913); Kentucky (1995 and 1912); Louisiana (1904); Massachusetts (1894); Maryland (1894, 1905, and 1910); Maine; Mississippi (1902); Minnesota (1905 and 1913); Montana (1911); Michigan (1911 and 1915); New Hampshire; North Carolina (1899, 1901, 1903, and 1915); Nebraska (1909); North Dakota (1913); Ohio (1900 and 1902); Pennsylvania (1895 and 1911); Rhode Island, South Carolina (1904); South Dakota (1907); Tennessee (1907); Texas; Virginia (1906); West Virginia (1909 and 1911); Wisconsin (1907 and 1913). The New York law, enacted in 1911, was repealed by the legislature of 1915. [For a summary of the provisions and text of laws, see Cyclopedia for 1913-14 and earlier volumes.] North Carolina amended its law in 1915 by repeal of the provision for a special tax for maintaining the department. By the act of 1915 it is provided that the expenses of the department shall be defrayed by the insurance department out of the moneys collected as license fees from fire insurance companies. It was also provided that “October 9" be set aside by proclamation of the Governor as “Fire Prevention Day," and the insurance commissioner and superintendent of public instruction authorized to provide for teaching fire prevention in the colleges and public schools of the state. MICHIGAN. The law, passed in 1915, makes the insurance commissioner ex officio fire marshal, and the deputy commissioner ex officio deputy fire marshal, and he shall appoint one assistant fire marshal, and may appoint inspectors, who shall have all the powers of deputy marshals. The act provides that the chief of the fire department of every city or village, where a fire department is established, and the president of each incorporated village and the supervisor of each township in which no fire department exists, shall report to the fire marshal every fire occurring in such city or village, within three days of the occurrence of such fire, and also requires all insurance companies to report all fire losses, giving the date of the fire, the amount of probable loss, the character of property destroyed and the supposed cause of the fire. Companies are also required to report the amount of the adjusted loss, and such reports may be made through the National Board of Fire Underwriters upon such terms and conditions as the fire marshal may prescribe. The fire marshal may make further investigation of fires reported, and take testimony under oath regarding such fires, and Section 4 of the act gives the marshal and his deputies power to summon witnesses and administer oaths. The section also gives the marshal and his deputies power at any time, day, or night, to enter upon premises where a fire has occurred, and adjoining property. Section 5 and 6 of the act provides as follows: Section 5. The state fire marshal shall make regulations for the keeping, storage, use, manufacture, sale, handling, transportation, or other disposition of highly inflammable materials and rubbish, gunpowder, dynamite, crude petroleum, or any of its products, explosive or inflammable fluids or compounds, tablets, torpedoes, or any explosive of a like nature, or any other explosives, including fireworks and fire crackers, and may prescribe the materials and construction of receptacles and buildings to be used for any of the said purposes. The keeping, storing, using, manufacturing, selling, handling, transporting, or disposing of any of the materials enumerated in this section, in violation of the regulations of the state fire marshal is hereby declared to constitute a nuisance. . . . Section 6. The state fire marshal, his deputy, and assistants, the chief of the fire department in each village and city where a fire department is established, the mayor of each city or president of each village where no fire department exists, and the clerk of each township in the territory without the limits of an organized city or village, upon complaint of any person having an interest in any building, or property adjacent, or without such complaint, shall have the right at all reasonable hours for the purpose of examination to enter into and upon all buildings and premises within their jurisdiction, and without liability for trespass. Whenever any of said officers shall |