§ 1. I. In the Lindisfarne Gospel of Luke, a in originally closed syllables normally appears as æ (S. 49). (a) Examples of a before simple consonants, or those doubled only by the scribe, occur in 1 and 3 sing. pret. ind. of st. vbs. Cl. IV, V: bæd 5. 12, baed 7. 3, gebræc 9. 16, gebær 1. 24, cuæð 14. 25, agæf 9. 42, ongæt 5. 22, gelæg 5. 25, eftsæt 7. 15, spræc 9. 11; in the pret. of the root, wes: was 2. 2, &c.; in the pret.-pres. vb., maga: mæg 10. 25, 14. 20; in the imper. of st. vbs. Cl. VI: wræc 18. 3, fær 13. 31 (this form always appears in the imper. in North., as opposed to the WS. far, cf. Bülb., Angl. Beibl. 9. 90; S. 49, anm. 2; 368, anm. 2). Other examples: æt I 9. 8, ætt 10. 39, æf (dal) 19. 37, æfgroefa 12. 58, æf (sæge) I S. 5, bæc I 6. 14, bæcc 17. 31, dæg 1. 80, lehtfæt 8. 16, fær (subst.) 10. 33, tofær 9. 31, gætt 13. 24, glæd 23. 8, huæd 10. 35, huæs 12. 40, huæt 8. 9, pæð 16. 26, dæs 11. 29, dæt 5. 6 (usually, however, represented by p). The retention of a in ac (ah) I 6. 18, and was 22. 59, may be due to the weak accent (S. 49, anm. I; EB. 454). (b) Examples of a before consonant groups are: æfter 17. 30, cræfte I 2. 1, dærsto I S. 16 (cf. § 19, I), færwitfulla 12. 26 (besides feruitgiornis I 3. 9, cf. (c) below), fæstlice B 7. 49, gefrægn I 9. 16, gefraegn 9. 18 (besides gefraign 8. 30, v. § 14), ongægn I 9. 16 (for the possibility of this æ being due to i-umlaut, cf. Lind.2 9, anm. 2; 66), gærs 12. 28 (for the absence of breaking, v. § 19, I), hrægle 10. 13, linenhrægla 24. 12, waghræl 23. 45, onsæcne 14. 18, wæstm 1. 42 (S. 165, anm. 3; Fü. 1, 1; Fo. 1, II); the pret. ind. and opt. and the pret. part. of habba and sæcga: hæfde 19. 20, 17. 6, hæbde 8. 6, sægdon I 10. 3, sægde 14. 21, gesægd I 4. 4; and the pret. opt. wælde 1. 62. hondbæftadon 23. 27 is doubtful, cf. § 53, VII. soðhuædre 19. 27 belongs here if we assume two stems, one in old a, to account for the forms with æ, which are rare in Luke, and one in old e, to account for the more usual forms with e (cf. § 2) and oe (cf. § 41) (Morsbach, Schriftsprache, p. 30; ME. Gr., p. 131; Bülb., Angl. Beibl. 10. 368; Fü. 1, 1). The æ in the pres. opt. hæbbe 8. 18, wælle 10. 22 (unless this form belongs under § 22, I, note), and in the pres. part. habbend 7. 2; and the a in habba 24. 39, habbanne 21. 36, habbas 12. 4, hlattade 1. 21, hlatto 12. 45, asca 10. 13, 9. 5, support the view of S. in Ags. Voc., pp. 15, 16, that, before doubled consonants and sc, a becomes æ if a palatal vowel follows, but a is retained if a velar vowel follows. This law fails to explain hlætto 12. 45, wallo 20. 3 (for the latter, however, cf. § 22, I, note). For the a in fasne S. 44 v. Fo. 1, II. (c) e in place of ae appears in cwed 24. 19, gecueð 13. 17, gefregn 38. 36, agef 4. 20 (pret.; cf. also § 50), eftersona 23. 20, feruitgiornis I 3. 9 (Lind.2 16, anm. 2, considers this as WG. e or i). In hehstaldes, e is used throughout: hehstald 1. 27, hehstaldes 1. 27, &c. (S. 398, 3, and Cook, Gl., give this word as heh-; but cf. Fü. 1, 1; Lind.2 11). II. WG. a in orig. open syllables appears partly as a, partly as æ. |