The Middle Ages: A History of International Relations

activity agreements appears Asia authority became beginning brought Byzantine Byzantium called Chap Charles Christian Church cities cloth considerable continued Count countries crown crusade Duke East eastern effective eleventh century Emperor empire England English envoys especially established Europe example existed fact factors Flanders followed force foreign founded fourteenth century France Frederick French German hand Henry Holy imperial important increased influence international relations Italian Italy King kingdom knights known lands Languedoc Latin latter leaders least less Louis major Mediterranean mentioned merchants middle mission moreover Moslem northern numerous papacy period Philip played political Pope population ports practice princes principalities regions relations religious remained result role Roman Rome routes royal second half sent Sicily situation sometimes southern sovereigns Spain succeeded success taken tenth territories thirteenth century tion took towns trade treaties twelfth century vassal Venice West western