persons may not feel inclined for a further voyage and in that case the Riviera must be chosen, though it must be borne in mind that here the air is exceedingly dry, and therefore not so suitable for the kinds of cases just mentioned.

In selecting among the Riviera stations the following facts must be borne in mind: Hyères is the coldest of them and also it lies removed from the sea; it is not to be confounded with the island of the same Distance from the sea is of advantage in certain neuralgic and bilious constitutions; on the other hand the constant interchange of currents of air is invigorating and salutary in many cases, and the seaside places Cannes, Nice and Mentone are therefore best in the majority of cases of consumption.

Cannes presents a great deal of variety both of scenery and society, and is therefore suitable for all but the most advanced cases of consumption.

Nice is a large town with over 100,000 inhabitants like Paris on a small scale. There are handsome shops and a theater and other sources of amusements such as clubs, assembly-rooms, &c. Its climate is distinctly colder than Cannes, it is, therefore, for those invalids who are susceptible of a considerable amount of bracing.

Monte Carlo is one of the most settled places; it, Mentone and Ospedalletti are about equally suitable for the very worst cases—those likely to succumb.

Before concluding let me say a word about sea voyages. The medical consultant is in the habit of recommending them very promiscuously, and often without possessing any very precise knowledge concerning them. At first sight a sea voyage may seem very desirable for consumptives; the temperature at sea is uniform and by choosing the right time of year and a suitable destination, the winter may be entirely avoided. Thus the patient may start from New York early in October; take a sailing ship from Liverpool in November and arrive in Australia about February, which corresponds with our August. At first sight, on theoretical grounds only, nothing could seem more suitable and desirable. Unfortunately the practical objections are sufficient to far more than outweigh any theoretical advantages in cases of consumption. Life on board ship to an invalid is one of intolerable discomfort and hardship; suitable food so essential to proper treatment is not procurable ; monotony and boredom are inevitable; to crown all the patient though in a condition in which alarming symptoms might come on any day is absolutely inaccessible to his relatives.

The true class suitable for sea voyages are not those suffering from brain-fag and over mental strain.

consumptives but These patients

will be à l'abris de telegrams and epistolary communications, and this alone will do much to assure their restoration to health. The voyage in my opinion should not be too long-three weeks to a month is sufficient, and the vessel chosen should preferably be a large one with plenty of life going on, otherwise the seclusion is apt to be too complete, and the ship will approach too nearly to Dr. Johnson's definition of "a prison with the chance of being drowned."

CANNES, FRANCE.

THE

TYPHOID FEVER IN A CHILD AGED NINE MONTHS.

BY DR. W. J. MARTIN.

HE following case is deemed worthy of record on account of the rarity with which this disease is met in such young subjects. Cases perhaps younger have been reported, for on page 243 of Vol. 1. of Pepper's System of Medicine, we read, "Manzini has recorded a case in which lesions of Peyer's patches similar to those of typhoid fever were found in a seven month foetus which died within half an hour after its birth. Cases are also on record in which death has occurred from this disease in the first few weeks of life. I have myself observed several cases in young children at the Children's Hospital in Philadelphia."

The treatment is given as illustrative of the prompt manner in which our remedies relieve troublesome and dangerous symptoms and restore health in a mild and rapid way.

Mrs. C. consulted me about child-nine months old, bottle-fed and without teeth. She said it was fretful and irritable and very constipated. Prescribed nux vom., and recommended feeding itfon oatmeal, and if the bowels did not move, to use enema. In just one week from this date I was called to see the child. I found it feverish, particularly the head, the heat being most marked at the occiput; it was drowsy, awaking from its doze with a start or cry; the head was not continuously hot, sometimes becoming quite cool; aggravation in the afternoon and night it was vomiting its milk and the bowels were very loose. Prescribed bell. in water, a teaspoonful every two hours, and diagnosed the case as one of gastro-enteric derangement with marked cerebral irritation, such as we so frequently meet with in children during dentition, especially in hot weather, and which, by the way, sometimes prove rapidly fatal.

The next day which was the eighth of the child's sickness, I found

there was less heat in the head and less starting from sleep. The diarrhoea and vomiting continued, the vomit consisting largely of curds of milk as did also the stools. The prescription of bell. was continued and the child's diet restricted to albumin water, prepared by stirring the white of a fresh egg into a goblet half full of water. The child vomited no more after this. Albumin water I have used frequently in treating sick babies where they vomited milk and all other foods, and can not praise it too highly.

On the ninth day of the child's illness my attention was called to the swollen condition of the abdomen, which upon examination I found tympanitic and dotted over with some half dozen roseola spots, which I examined carefully and found to be identical with the rose spots of typhoid fever, I took the temperature in the axilla and was surprised to find it 103°, this was about 6 P. M. I told the parents that if the patient was not so young (9 mos.) I should consider it a case of typhoid fever, as it possessed all the features of that disease, there was the diarrhoea following on a costive condition of the bowels, no appetite but thirsty all the time, continued fever, tympanites and the roseola on the abdomen. Prescribed, tereb. 12 in water, a dose every two hours. I visited the case morning and evening for two days after this in order either to confirm or correct my diagnosis of typhoid fever, with the result of confirming it. The temperature in the mornings was 102, in the evenings 1032°. After that it fell and was soon normal in the morning. The rose spots increased in number, some appearing on the back, on the chest and upon the thighs. The tympanites gradually disappeared, as did also the diarrhoea, and at the end of three weeks from the day of my first prescription the little patient was well. The terebinth, prescribed when the tympanites was the most marked and urgent symptom, was continued for a number of days, the case steadily improving. Then oedema of the face almost closing the eyes,. and profuse micturition became marked symptoms for which was prescribed apium virus,' in water, and the swelling disappeared. A few doses of calc. carb. were now given and then all medicine was discontinued.

As nourishment, whilst fever continued nothing was given but the albumin water and mutton broth. Then when the appetite returned, which was manifested by vigorous crying, as babies do when hungry, it was given Nestle's food, which suited very well for a while, and then as she did not seem to be satisfied after feeding, the milk of one cow was procured and the baby now gets along very well, and is larger and stronger than before her illness.

1712 CARSON ST., PITTSBURGH, PA.

So far

PSYCHOMETRY.

BY JONATHAN HUNT, M. D.

O far we have considered this mysterious form of electricity in a room: Now we will study it as an emanation at large and modified by other forms known and unknown. It is generally admitted there is a specific shape to each thought; the convolutions of the brain, the nerves, fibers, etc, all subject to the laws of muscular development, show this fact as already granted. Notice the ring that leaves the pipe of a locomotive. What is it more than a part of the fluid air in motion containing black dust?

Analogous to this is the wandering thought coming in contact with an impressive brain; it is called mind reading. Allow me to observe parenthetically that the mind reader is aiding science at the expense of his health.

The great current of human electricity moves over the world according to laws not yet fully understood. It is the cause of mental epidemics; also moral reforms. Waves of thought raise and lower the general position of thinkers all as one. Religious frenzy, ultraism, malice and sometimes war is the consequence.

It is lucky that physicians are constitutionally materialistic; their copious dealings with materials make them so. Their influence is always conservative and they could not increase their usefulness except by concerted action. In case of approaching mental epidemic, some central body like a state Board of Health might address the popular profession with profit. The current of human electricity is modified by various causes the magnetic current from east to west on a course at right angles with the magnetic pole, (hence popular ideas generally travel from east to west), currents of the same kind moving in a different direction and incidental electrical disturbances.

This seems mysterious and yet not more so than the fact that a dog follows his master's track many hours after he has passed along.

And now let me give the reader an amusing but important fact; he can make a diagram according to the directions given below and an engraved diagram will be unnecessary.

Draw a rough map of two countries, say Germany and France. Find. the center of population of each country. Draw a line from one point to the other and continue or extend this line through both countries. Place an ideal man on the central point in Germany and one similarly in France. Let these men face each other. Now observe: Any locality at the right hand of the man in France is at the left hand of

240 Lilienthal: The Relation between Ophthalmic and Renal Diseases.

the man in Austria and vice versa. Imagine these countries are in a state of war. All battle grounds at the right hand of the man standing in France is lucky ground for France and all battle grounds at the right hand of the man in Germany is lucky ground for Germany. Notice the Battle of Jena and the first battle between the troops of both countries in the late Franco German War.

Now what is more strange, the rule holds good in all wars. Italy has ever been unlucky battle ground for Austria fighting with France -and ever will be. The late war of the Rebellion, in its commencement, shows the same results. The Federal troops were unfortunate in the east but the reverse in the west. The rule holds good in nine cases out of ten when we look at the history of all wars. The exceptions are few. The law has the appearance of an unseen force which moves and disappears after two three years. It was thus with the Confederates and the Federals and the same may be said of other noted wars.

I do not claim that this force is irresistible (a big fish can swallow a little one), but it is a very important factor in deciding a contest.

I shall not now give the immediate cause of the results spoken of but will allow the student to study the facts and perhaps he may be the one to discover a better reason than mine.

WHITEHOUSE, O.

THE RELATION BETWEEN OPHTHALMIC AND RENAL DISEASES.

BY DR. FURST.

Translated BY DR. LILIENTHAL,

Tis well known that disturbance of vision in consequence of renal

with the ophthalmoscopic picture of a star ad maculam, more early as neuriti optica with chocked disk of the papilla, acute as sudden total blindness or the amaurosa anæmica. In retinitis albuminurica we only meet a progressive disturbance of vision which too often only leads to a diagnosis of the renal trouble, as just in such cases dropsy is often absent, though we might meet headaches, nausea, dyspnoea, etc. Retinitis is found among the different forms of nephretis chronica, most frequently in the shrunken kidney, whereas in chronic parenchymatous nephretis with copious albuminuria and moderate dropsy, even when lasting many a year and finally becoming fatal, disturbances of vision and retinal affections are rare and still more rarely in secondary amyloid kidney. Though the prognosis in retinitis albuminurica is bad enough