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entific way, to the relief of human suffering.

ITS INTRINSIC VALUE,

The large number of practitioners from every section of this country, who regularly read the SUMMARY, have expressed themselves in such positive terms as to the intrinsic value of each and every issue of this publication. This leads us to believe; that for his individual interest, no doctor in active practice, should fail to become a regular reader of the SUMMARY.

The following quotation is from a letter received by us during the past month, from a prominent Chicago physician; and is one out of hundreds of similar expressions with which the SUMMARY has been favored by its subscribers. This of course speaks louder and better than anything we could possibly say.

I send "My Dear Doctor :-Enclosed you one dollar-I wish it represented a thousand-in addition to which, I send you my best and highest regards, and earnest success; I wishes for your continued believe the circulation of the bright and pithy "SUMMARY" will continue to extend in every part and section of this glorious republic. It possesses the merit-and must succeed,"

The last issue commenced the seventeenth year of continuous publication of the SUMMARY, and it is now one of the most popular of all the Medical Journals. If your name is not already on our subscription list, we hope that it will appear there soon.

DO NOT WORRY.

Not all physicians appear to be cognizant of the very great responsibility resting upon them in the performance of their duties, consequently their mind is

not disturbed or worried by any particular
care or anxiety. On the o her hand, it is
a well known fact, that the continued
strain and worry in relation to this partic-
ular duty or responsibility, has been, at least,
the primary cause of the death of many of
the best men in the medical profession.
This is, of course, not to be wondered at,
when one takes into due consideration the
responsibility or duty, which is of such
magnitude that it can not be over-estima-
ted. It has no doubt been truly said, that,
worry is a cause of the development of
self poisoning. It has a most depressing
effect upon that hyper-sensitive organ, the
stomach, which at times becomes a most
unwilling and laggard servant. It is un-
doubtedly safe to say, that unless encour-
aged by a cheerful temper, and bright, or
at least hopeful thoughts, the stomach
will play truant, or sulk and do no work
that it can shirk. The physiological ex-
planation of this is the close alliance of
the great sympathetic nerves, which are
worse than the telegraph for carrying bad
news; the worry and anxiety that de-
press the brain, producing simultaneously a
semi-paralysis of the nerves of the stomach,
gastric juice will not flow, and— presto!
there is indigestion.

TUBERCLE BACILLI.

A writer, the accuracy of whose statements is amply verified, states, that a tuberculous patient expectorates daily from 30,000,000 to 40,000,000 bacilli. According to statistics, the annual number of cases of consumption in the United States is 250, 000, average number daily expectorated is 35,000,000, therefore, there are spit up daily of these parasites, about 8,122,234,432,876. Multiply this number by 365, and we have a countless army of these microscopical carnivora, turned loose to ravage and despoil.

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Original Communications. covered the real Labferment, and that they

Brief and practical articles short and pithy reports of interesting cases in practice, new methods and new remedies as applicable in the treatment of diseases are solicited from the profession for this department.

Articles intended for the SUMMARY must be contributed to it exclusively. The Editor is not responsible for the views of any contributors. Write only on one side of the paper.

PEPTENZYME, THE NEW DIGESTIVE
FERMENT.

BY HUGO ENGEL, A. M., M. D.
Fellow of Amer. Academy of Med.; 1. Prof. of
Nervous Diseases and Clinical Med.
at Philadelphia, etc., etc.

That pepsin will soon be prescribed no longer, is the fault of the manufacturers themselves; presuming that the greater the power of their pepsin for dissolving albumen in the testtube, the more decisive would be its digestive strength in the human stomach, they have finally produced a hothouse plant almost useless for the great process of nutrition in the animal economy. Why is it, that pepsin is thus neglected, and to-day prescribed much less than six or ten years ago? The it was much dearer; but while generally the cheapening of an article soon increases the demand for it, with pepsin the opposite seems to hold good; though sharp competition and more economical methods of manufacture have decidedly reduced its price, yet as an aid to digestion it is employed much less at the present time than formerly. And why? Because practical experience has taught the physician, that pepsin itself, as now obtained, produces scarcely any effect, that, on the contrary, with the increase of its solving power the diminution in its usefulness has gone hand in hand, and that by contributing to more rapid dissolution of certain nitrogenous aliments it so accelerates their passage through the stomach, that the main digestion has to go on in the small intestines, where the conditions are such, that pepsine as a digestive is of little moment, impeding the natural process rather than fostering the same.

a

We must admit, that the Germans dis

gave us a deeper insight into the whole process of gastric and intestinal digestion, than we ever possessed before. But recently the enterprise of Americans has introduced into our country a new institution, the want of which alone prevented us heretofore from competing successfully, in the field of original research, with our transatlantic brethren; the physiological laboratory as an addition to the simple chemical laboratories of our great manufacturing firms. What in Germany is done almost only by the aid of state funds, here private capit 1 has to provide. Thus we have now in our country laboratories, in which every appliance may be found for pursuing bacteriological investigations, and one large firm has but recently commerced to build a complete establishment for the preparation of diphtheria and other antitoxins. To another firmt we have to thank a recent and decided progress in our knowledge of digested ferments, a step forward of great importance; the isolation and combination of various mother ferments, theoretically indicated some time ago by German scientists, who showed us the way, but who in vain attempted to produce these substances, so as to make them available for practical purposes. And this benificent result of chemo-biological research has been increased still more in value by the isolation of that principle in the spleen, which according to Herzent seems to endow the mother ferments with their real vital activity. Thus the pancreas in its cells developes trypsinogen, i. e. that material which gives rise to trypsin, one of the most powerfull ferments in the animal economy, but it is the vital principle in the spleen, which changes the trypsinogen to trypsin. As such, the latter is returned to the circulation and coming back to the pancreas is once more assimilated by this gland, to be then secreted for the purpose of digestion.

All the active agents of the salivary, gastric, pancreatic, Bruner's, Lieberkuehn's, hepatic and splenic glands have been isolalated and combined into one remedy, which is called Peptenzyme, and is offered in the market in the form of powder, which is also compressed into tablets, and of an

elixri. Dr. Arnold Eiloart, ttt has examined this new digestive agent, and found it to contain the ingredients mentioned.

When, nearly a year ago, I first read of Peptenzyme, it occurred to me, if there existed any virtue in theoretical reasoning, based upon accurate knowledge, that peptenzyme should prove the most valuable digestive agent of our materia medica. Some years ago, when our German "Brueder," first published their discoveries concerning the formation and action of the various ferments in the human system and when they showed, how the glandular follicles developed the mother ferments, which after performing one step in digestion were taken up by the blood and carried to other parts of the body, there to be provided with their real power, which, on returning to the source from which they came, they exerted as full grown digestive agents, the thought passed through my mind, that some practical chemist would surely some day succeed in isolating these active principles and combining them produce a far more powerful agent than the one-sided pepsin, which is almost valuless without the addition of muriatic acid. For the idea, that a ferment active in the stomach, in the presence of an acid, should not be combined with a principle, that exerts its power in the alkaline fluids of the small intestines, is not based even theoretically upon a single true fact. Is there anything more alkaline in our juices than the mixed saliva? Does it not accompany the food on its passage through the stomach, and continue its katamelitogenic (glycogenic?) function in the intestines? Is the chemical change, by which in the mouth starch is changed to dextrine and dextrine to glucose interrupted or the least interfered with, because of the passage of the starchy, etc., food and of the saliva through the stomach?

Although the portal vein carries all kinds of heterogenous substances to the liver, and although the blood arriving there, is, to say the least, a very complicated chemical mixture, yet the cells of that organ destined for that purpose, proceed with their special digestive action-for nothing else is their glycogenic function-and produce glucose from material they them

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J. O., aet. 37, February 8, '95. For years in the milk business, he had at last commenced to suffer from his mode of living. Sitting from 3 A. M. to 2 P. M., in a wagon, and sleeping from 5 P. M., to 2 A. M., he had come to neglect walking altogether, to pay but little attention to the calls of nature and to eat, when he had time. I fact, his whole life was regulated by: when he had time. He had stubborn constipation, no appetite, a coated tongue, heartburn, much flatulency and a host of minor troubles, but no organic disease, Some six years ago I had prescribed his wife a mixture of pepsin and muriatic acid, and he told me that he had taken it regularly for three weeks without any effect. I insisted upon his living more in accordance with the demands of hygiene, made him walk twice a day one hour, and practice every morning certain free gymnastic exercises, prescribed for him a regular diet, to be taken at stated times, and advised ten grains of peptenzyme three times a day, before and after meals. I also gave him some laxative pills, one to be taken at bed time. A week later he reported, that for two days he had three to four stools a day, after which omitting the pills at night, his bowels had become regular. All his digestive disturbances had disappeared. I continued the treatment for a month without prescribing anything else. He recovered completely.

C. M., aet. 22, February 9, '95. This lady, a schoolteacher, complained of lassitude, sleepiness after meals, anorexia and a burning sensation in her stomach. Corrected her manner of living and regulated her diet, and adininistered ten grains of peptenzyme before and after meals. The burning ceased after twenty-four hours, and her digestion improved visibly from that day on. She gained eight pounds in three weeks. Discharged cured.

J. M., aet. 39. February 11, '95. A millowner, who suffered from a severe valvular disease of the heart. Besides other difficulties, he had after eating a fullness in the epigastrium, which greatly distressed him. I ordered for that one symptom ten grains of peptenzyme as before. He felt easier after the first dose, and though I was not able to cure him, yet the feeling of discomfort ceased as long as he took the remedy, and always for generally a week longer. If he waited too long with resuming the peptenzyme the fullness of the stomach returned gradually. The patient admitted that he received more benefit from that prescription than from any he had ever taken. It was interesting to note, how the annoying sensation had commenced to lesson with the first dose and ceased completely by the fifth or sixth day. If he then omitted peptenzyme, the feeling returned at once, but if he continued to take it regularly for a week or two longer, the fullness remained away from a week to ten days, even without the remedy. He would have been permanently cured, could the circulatory disturbance have been overcome.

F. R., lawyer, aet. 44, February 17, '95. He was greatly addicted to alcohol and suffered from the usual symptoms of chronic gastritis. As the tenderness was considerable, I first applied a fly-blister to the epigastric region and prescribed an alkaline in a bitter infusion to be taken three times daily, an hour before meals, with peptenzyme, shortly before and immediately after meals, ten grains. The nausea and vomiting early in the mornings ceased, and the greatly impaired gastric follicles gradually regained their quondam energy. In this case the good effect of peptenzyme was also shown very

clearly, as some of the symptoms returned whenever the medicine was omitted, or taken in much smaller doses or irregularly. Excepting, perhaps, very large doses of muriatic acid, I do not know a single remedv, that would have reestablished a normal digestion in this case. And in consequence of former troubles he suffered from an irritability of the neck of the bladder, which made the administration of large doses of any acid an impossibility in his case.

L. H., aet. 41, February 14, '95. He had directed the affairs of a large corporation and besides exhausting mental labor he had want of exercise and too. good living as pathogenic factors. His main symptoms were were a feeling of depression of spirits and of physical exhaustion, anorexia, and about four hours after his late dinner great discomfort in the abdomen with a feeling of weight accompanied by slight colicky pains in the left hypochondric region, generally persevering until bedtime. Putting him under strict hygienic rules, regulating diet, exercise, etc. I prescribed ten grains peptenyzme half an hour before and immediately after meals. Two weeks later he was relieved of his complaint, except a slight feeling of weight at the upper portion of the descending colon. This finally ceased after the application of a small blister and massage of the abdomen. He had to leave the city for five days, during three of which he was without peptenzyme, when his appetite began again to diminish and some eructation returned, to yield at once upon the resumption of the remedy. The patient took a great liking to peptenzyme, and I may here state, that its agreeable taste is not the smallest of its advantages.

I might give the history of more cases, but trust those recorded will suffice to illustrate the remarkable effect of peptenzyme on digestion.

While in infants the very first dose is said to stop the vomiting and correct the fluid discharges of cholera infantum and allied diseases. I had no experience with the remedy in that dangerous complaint, but I do know, that under the regular employment of peptenzyme all faults of digestion are removed, and the general nu

trition is greatly aided, and that its early administration will prevent such disturbances. The abnormal stools in infants quickly assume a healthier condition, and we have in peptenzyme one of the best remedies against marasmus, if not based upon irremediable pathological states.

One

As an aid in faulty digestion it surpas es by far all other remedies of the materia medica. That the morning sickness of women encinte is not due to impaired digestion, is well proved by the action of peptenzyme, which even in these cases will reestablish the appetite and cause the digestion to be perfect, but yet not completely stop the occasional nausea. lady told me, after its regular use for several weeks, that she no longer cared so much for that trouble, because since taking peptenzyme, even if she had the sickness recur here and there, her appetite and the general feeling in the stomach had so much improved, that after vomiting she simply ate another meal, but that the nausea since seemed to show itself only, when the stomach was empty, which she now always tried to prevent by taking a meal before rising.

That ere long, peptenzyme will be the only digestive ferment employed by physicians, I am the more convinced, as no muriatic acid is needed to increase its action. Let any physician himself try the remedy, when feeling a fullness after a heavy meal, and he will share my opinion. I may mention, the bottle or tin box in which the peptonzyme tablets are dispensed, should be kept well closed, otherwise the tablets may become hard and lose some of their pleasant flavor and taste.

+Reed & Carnrick, New York.

++Pflueger's Archiv. fue Physiologie, xxx,

295.

tttAm. Medico-Surgical Bulletin, July 15. 1894.

REMEDY FOR HEMOPTYSIS, ETC.

Editor Medical Summary:

The old proverb is, that iron must be forged when hot. While reading your excellent journal, some articles bring up an old reminder, and right then and there,

one feels an impulse to put in a bark or two. The last months issue speaks of the local use of vinegar in hemorrhages. During my thirty-five years of practice, I have had my share of cases of hemoptysis, and have used table salt, which everybody uses, although it helps nobody. I have used all other remedies on the lists and shelves, and have had the usual unsatisfactory success with them. Last autumn a nineteen year old lad with tuberculosis had profuse hemoptysis, three or four times a day for several days, and the remedies applied did not seem to influence. After considering the indirect effect of drugs taken internally to stop hemorrhage: I remembered that I heard my father once say, that it was customary in Germany, when a colt had secondary hemorrhages a' ter castration, to hold a pan full of boilng vinegar beneath the wound, and the vapors of the hot vinegar would arrest the bleeding at once. I let this young man inhale the steam of boiling vinegar as soon as he began to bleed again, with immediate success, and without any more return of the trouble. Another young lady who has repeated bleeding from her lungs, with the usual slow relief from medicine, and to whom I advised this remedy, has checked it, (the hemorrhage), at once, whenever it would make its appearance. We have a good many one lungers among 'us, because the Santa Cruz mountains do wonders for them, yet there are some who will once in a while spring a leak. As to the notice on apocynum cannabinum as a heart remedy: I have had so much experience with this

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