The United States surplus revenue received by the State was disposed of thus:

The State owes no debt except what it has used of the United States surplus revenue. Banks in Rhode Island, September 15, 1852. — Number of banks in the State, 70; of which 26 were in Providence. Capital, $14,037,441.00. Circulation, $2,322,314.26. Deposits on interest, $375,783.65. Deposits not on interest, $ 1,748,341.98. Net profits on hand, $839,489.10. Total liabilities, $21,266,235.49. Debts due from directors, $754,304.03; from other stockholders, $769,349.91; from all others, $ 17,213,439.57. Specie, $414,970.02. Bills of other banks, $726,039.77. Deposits in other banks, $948,313.91. Real estate, $258,923.12. Total resources, $21,266,235.49. Amount of bills in circulation under $5, $995,202.79. The average semiannual dividend of all the banks was 3.6+ per cent. Savings Banks. - In the 10 institutions for savings, on the first Monday of October, 1852, there were: - Depositors 13,396; amount of deposits, $2,474, 109.12; amount of profits on hand, $132, 133.51; of last dividends, $ 89,299.26.

Public Schools -The State has a School Fund, invested in bank stock, of $56,017.35. By an act passed in 1836, the interest of the State's part of the United States surplus revenue (commonly called the Deposit Fund) was set apart for public schools. $35,000 are annually paid from the State treasury for schools. By an act passed in June, 1848, the proceeds of the militia commutation tax in each town are to be applied hereafter to the support of public schools. The whole number of school districts in the State is 348, of which 13 are not organized; 293 of these districts own their school-houses; in 19 districts they are owned by the town; and in 36 by proprietors. There has been expended for school-houses during the last eight years, $181,732.50. No. of persons in 1850 in the State, under fifteen, 47,857. No. of scholars, in 1852, 26,187, 13,979 males and 12,208 females; average attendance, 18,772. No. of male teachers, 253; of female, 347. Amount received from the State, $31,997.89; amount raised by towns, $55,805.91; whole amount from all sources, $115,160.21. Expended for instruction, $98,135.44. Expended for school-houses, $9,625.50. In June, 1851, the school laws were revised and consolidated, and in many respects much improved. A private Normal School, for the education of teachers, was established in Prov. idence, in November, 1852, and continued until April, 1853, by Messrs. Greene, Russell, Colburn, and Guyot. A large number of teachers were in attendance from the commencement. Teachers' meetings have been held throughout the State during the year.

The number of

State Prison, Providence. -William Willard, Warden; salary, $ 900. prisoners, October 1, 1851, was 47; committed to December 31, 1852, 24; whole number during the year, 71. Discharged by expiration of sentence, 16; by the General Assembly, 9; escaped, 1; leaving in prison, December 31, 1852, 45, all males. The convicts in the State Prison are principally employed at cabinet-work; those in the Providence county jail, in shoe-making. The income of the prison from October 1, 1851, to December 31, 1852, was $3,645.33; the expenses were $ 6,181.03; excess of expense, $2,535.70. The income from the jail for the same period was $1,537.90; expenses, $6,409.01; excess of expenses, $4,871.11. Number of persons in Providence jail at the suit of the State, December 31, 1852, 40; at the suit of the city, 7; at the suit of the United States, 1; debtors, 5; total, 53. During the six months ending December 31, 1852, 93 were committed on sentence, 95 for default of bail, in all, 188. There were besides committed to the jail as a house of correction, during the same period, 107 persons, of whom 106 were intemperate.

Butler Hospital for the Insane, Providence, R. I. - Dr. Isaac Ray, Superintendent. On the 31st of December, 1851, there were in the Hospital 127 patients, -61 males and 66 females. Admitted during the year, 101,-39 males and 62 females; whole number during the year, 228. Discharged, 86, 36 males, 50 females; leaving in the Hospital, December 31, 1852, 142 patients, -64 males, 78 females. Of those discharged, 30 had recovered; 36 were improved; 5 were unimproved; and 15 died. The disbursements during the year were $ 21,747.26; the receipts were $25,945.07. The minimum price of board for patients is $2.25 per week. The Hospital can accommodate about 145 patients.

The State now makes an appropriation of $ 1,000 per annum to enable the Governor to aid the poor insane persons at the Butler Hospital, and it also pays a portion of the expenses of such poor insane as the towns may choose to send there.

Deaf, Dumb, &c. The sum appropriated annually to the deaf, dumb, and blind, was in January, 1851, increased to $2,000, and idiots were included in its benefits. In June, 1851, the sum was further increased to $ 2.500. The State beneficiaries among the deaf and dumb are sent to the American Asylum at Hartford; those of the blind are sent to the Perkins Institution at South Boston. Four persons (up to January 1, 1853) have received the benefits of the State appropriation for idiots and imbeciles, two of whom are at South Boston, one at Barre, Mass., and one under the care of Mr. J. B. Richards at Philadelphia. Providence Reform School. Edwin Talcott, Superintendent. This School was es tablished in 1850, and was opened to receive inmates, Nov. 1, 1850. From that date to Oct. 31, 1852, there were committed, 117, 106 boys, 11 girls; 30 boys and 7 girls were discharged, and I boy escaped. Remaining in the school, Nov. 1, 1852, 79. 51 were committed for theft; 7 for assault; 7 for vagrancy; 32 for truancy; and 18 for graver crimes. 42 were born in the United States, and of these 31 were from Rhode Island. 7 hours in each day, except Sundays, are devoted to labor; 5 to school exercises; 24 to meals and recreation; 1 to religious exercises; and 8 hours to sleep. The labor has been employed in making such articles as are needed in the institution, and in housework. An arrangement is made by the State by which all juvenile delinquents may be sent to this school.

City of Providence. The expenditures of the city for the year ending March 7, 1853, were $206,115. Some of the items were: schools, $42,839; streets, $30,772; fire department, $25,303; poor, $ 11,839; salaries, $10,786; watch, $11,986; police, $7,399; lighting streets, $8,617; city debt, $2,550; interest on city debt, $10,636. The receipts are $206,202, chiefly from taxes. The city debt on that date was $175,502. Of this, $65,802 is at 5 per cent.; the rest is at 6 per cent.

21*

VI. CONNECTICUT.

Government for the Year ending on the 1st Wednesday in May, 1854.

A term of the Superior Court is held by one judge thee times a year in each of the counties of Hartford, New Haven, New London, and Fairfield, and semiannually in each other county of the State; and the Supreme Court, constituted of the five judges, meets annually in each county. The judges of this court hold their offices until seventy years of age. This court has jurisdiction in all cases where the damages, or matter in dispute, exceed $200.

A County Court is held by one judge three times each year, in the several counties. The judges of this court are appointed annually by the Legislature, and hold office for one year from the 4th of July of the year of their appointment. They have jurisdiction in all civil actions where the

*Governor Seymour, in consequence of his appointment as Minister to Russia, resigned the office of Governor of Connecticut, October 13th, 1853, and on the same day Mr. Pond took the oath and assumed the duties of the office.

damages, or matter in dispute, exceed $50. In civil cases, an appeal lies in all cases from the County to the Superior Court, where the matter in dispute exceeds the sum of $200. The clerks of the County Courts are likewise clerks of the Superior and Supreme Courts of their respective counties.

Total receipts for year ending March 31, 1853, including balance of preceding year, $ 189,780.03 Total expenditures during same period,

Balance in Treasury, March 31, 1853,

135,104.09

$ 54,675.94

Banks. The whole number of banks in April, 1853, was 55, including five organized under the general banking laws. The following table gives the condition of

Banks in Connecticut for Seventeen Years.

[From the Bank Commissioners' Report.]

Common School Statistics for the Year ending March 31, 1852.-Number of towns, 148; of school societies, 217; of school districts, 1,642; of children between four and sixteen, 96,382; attending school in winter, 74,100; average attendance, 55,100. Winter schools were kept in 1,530 districts. Number of teachers in winter, male, 1,060, female, 730. Summer schools were kept in 1,410 districts. Number of teachers in summer, male, 670, female, 1,020. There were in the winter 403 private schools of all grades, with 8,100 scholars. Average monthly compensation of teachers in winter, exclusive of board, males, $18.50, females, $8.20; in summer, males, $22, females, $7.50. Of the teachers, 220 had at least 10 years' experience; 430, 5 years'; 500, 3 years'; 570 less than one year's. 45 schools were broken up from the incompetency of the teacher. $73,000 were expended in building and repairing school-houses during the year. But one town appropriated any portion of its annual tax to common schools. The amount of dividends from

the school fund for the year was $143,693.69; which gives $1.35 to every enumerated child The Legislature, at the session of 1849, appropriated $ 10,000 for the establishment of a State Normal School, "for the training of teachers in the art of instructing and governing the common schools of the State." This institution is at New Britain, and is place under the control of eight trustees, appointed by the General Assembly, one from each county. The principal of the Normal School, Henry Barnard, of Hartford, is, ex officio, Superintendent of Common Schools, an office heretofore attached to that of Commissioner of the School Fund. The associate principal, John D. Philbrick, has the immediate charge of the school. The number of pupils is limited to 220, to be selected one from each school society. Tuition free. The number of pupils in the school since its opening, May 13, 1850, is 519, who have since been employed in more than 600 different school districts. Schools or conventions for training teachers have been held in each county, generally by the Superintendent of Schools, assisted by the teachers of the Normal School.

School Fund. - -The American Almanac for 1853, page 248, contains a full history of this fund. It amounted, in September, 1852, to $2,049,482.32.

State Reform School. — At the session of the Assembly in 1851, a State Reform School was established, for the instruction, employment, and reformation of juvenile offenders"; its government to be vested in a board of eight trustees. appointed by the Senate, one from each county in the State. Boys under the age of 16 years, convicted of offences now punishable by imprisonment, may, at the discretion of the court, be sent to this school, "to be kept, disciplined, instructed, employed, and governed, under the direction of the board of trustees,' until they shall either be reformed and discharged, or bound out to service by the trustees, or remanded to prison as incorrigible. The sum of $10,000 was appropriated from the State treasury for the establishment of the school, and a like sum was contributed by individuals. It has been located in Meriden. 1614 acres of land have been purchased at an expense of $15.696, and a building has been commenced.

Births, Marriages, and Deaths. — An act providing for the registration of births, marriages, and deaths was passed by the General Assembly in 1848. This act was repealed in 1852, by a new law upon the subject, and the next report was postponed until 1854. There are no later returns than those of 1852, published in the Almanac of last year.

Retreat for the Insane, Hartford. — John S. Butler. M. D., Physician and Superintendent. The whole number of patients, April 1, 1852, was 181, of whom 88 were males and 93 females; 140, 66 males and 74 females, were admitted in the course of the year; making 321 in all, 151 of whom were males, and 167 females. 151 were discharged during the year, leaving in the Retreat, April 1, 1853, 170; 80 of whom were males, and 90 females. Of the 151 patients discharged, 64 were recovered, 40 improved, 26 not improved, and 21 died. The whole number admitted, from the opening of the institution, in 1824, to April 1, 1853, is 2,453. 2.233 have been discharged; of whom 1,267 have recovered, 778 have improved, and 213 have died. Of the 66 males admitted during the past year, 21 were farmers; and of the 74 females, 54 were engaged in domestic occupations. The expenditures of the institution for the year were $ 36,349.29.

The terms of admission are, for patients belonging to the State, with the usual accommo. dations, $300 per week; for those belonging to other States, $3.50 per week. Extra accommodations, $ 4 or $5 per week. For patients belonging to the State, with accommodations in the centre building, and a separate attendant, $10.00 per week; for those belonging to other States, $12.00 per week. No patient is admitted for a shorter term than three months, and payment for that term only must be made in advance. For admission, apply to the Superintendent.

American Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, Hartford. - Lewis Weld, A.M., Principal. The number of pupils for the year ending May 1, 1853, was 200; of whom 116 were males, and 81 females. Of these, 14 were supported by friends, 37 by the State of Maine, 15 by New Hampshire, 22 by Vermont, 74 by Massachusetts, 6 by Rhode Island, 29 by Connecticut, and 3 by the asylum. The cost for each pupil, for board, washing, fuel, tuition, and the incidental expenses of the school-room, is $100 per annum. In sickness, the necessary extra charges are made. Payment must be made six months in advance, and a satisfactory