COTTON-OTHER THAN SEA-ISLAND-pounds. 272,134 881,584 3,129,146 3,146,209 491,814 1,068,096| 100,869 796,496 4,292,055 534,766 55,740 Average price, 22 cts. 21 cts. 20 cts. 15 cts. 15 cts. Fayal and the other Azores, TABLE NO. VIII.-CONTINUED. COTTON-OTHER THAN SEA-ISLAND-pounds. 1815. 1816. Russia, 9,255,404 727,748 307,600 676,516 92,344 Prussia, 231,679 622,000 Sweden, 252,310 303,088 2,545,245 129,166 264,899 113,799 Swedish West-Indies, 10,909 Denmark and Norway, 722,448 156,207 68,878 Holland, 115,714 202,000 5,143,516 1,943,270 Great-Britain, 39,083,587 22,248,789 38,658,339 48,925,159 Hamburg, Bremen, &c. 1,836,288 41,585 1,346,283 1,947,050 France, 558,150 7,895,782 1,566,110 19,311,753 17,035,475 Spain, 228,880 Spanish West-Indies, Portugal, 1,045,937 20,793 48,848 6,153 5,289 983,666 10,181,480 3,543,286 1,525 99,172 4,007,189 1,660,302 13 cts. 20 cts. 27 cts. CHAPTER V. EXPORTS OF FOREIGN PRODUCE. TRADE of the United States increased by the wars in Europe-their trade in foreign produce greater, than in domestic, in 1805, 1806, and 1807Quantity of sugar, coffee, cocoa, pepper, and goods paying ad valorem duties exported, in each year, from 1791 to 1816–Quantity of sugar and coffee, and goods subject to ad valorem duties imported from different countries in 1807-Quantity of sugar and coffee exported to different countries, in different years-Average quantity of wines, spirits, teas, cocoa, and pepper, exported in the years 1805, 1806, and 1807. THE war between England and France, which began in 1793, soon after the establishment of the present national government, and between England and Spain in 1796, and which continued, with but a short interval, until it involved all the nations of Europe, threw into the hands of the American merchant, no small portion of the trade of the world. The vast superiority of the naval force of England rendered the intercourse between the European powers at war with that nation, and their Colonies, extremely difficult. They were, therefore, obliged to depend, in a great measure, upon neutrals to carry on the trade between them, and their distant possessions. The valuable productions of the French, Spanish, and Dutch East and West-Indies, had no other mode of finding their way to Europe, without great risque and expense, but by the aid of a neutral flag. The local situation of the United States, in relation to the West-India Islands, and their long accustomed habits of intercourse with them, naturally threw a great proportion of this trade into the hands of the Americans; and the increase of the tonnage of the United States, as well as the spirit and enterprise of their citizens, led them, also, to engage in the more distant trade of the East-Indies, and every other part of the world. The valuable articles of colonial produce, such as sugar, coffee, spirits, cocoa, pimento, indigo, pepper, and spices of all kinds, were carried, either directly to Europe, or were first brought to the United States, and from thence exported in American vessels. These and other articles imported were allowed, under certain regulations, to be exported from the United States, with a drawback of the duties, paid or secured to be paid upon them, on their importation. The manufactures of Europe, and particularly of Great-Britain, as well as the manufactures and produce of the East-Indies and China, have also been imported, and again exported, in large quantities, to the West-Indies, to the Spanish Colonies in South-America, and elsewhere. This trade, which has been called the carrying trade, has, in some years, exceeded in value the trade of the United States, in articles of domestic produce; it has been the means, not only of increasing our commercial tonnage, but of enriching the public treasury, as well as filling the coffers of individuals. The value of the exports of domestic and foreign articles from 1803 to 1816, is stated in Chapter III. From this it appears, that in the years 1805, 1806, and 1807, being years of trade unshackled by commercial restrictions, the value of exports of domestic produce and manufacture, was $134,590,552, being on an average $44,863,517 a year, and of exports of foreign produce and manufacture, $173,105,813, on an average $57,701,937 a year, making a difference of $38,515,261 or $12,838,420 per year. During the late war between the United States and GreatBritain, this trade was annihilated. We were unable to procure supplies of foreign articles, for our own consumption, much less for exportation. On the return of peace, between the two countries, foreign articles were again exported; and in 1815, the year the war closed, articles of foreign growth to the amount of $6,583,350, and in 1816, the value of $17,138,555 were exported.. |