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to prejudices which they had engrafted in the minds of the people. Education, political liberty, and the lights of reason and philosophy will in due time cause men to leave to God the things which are God's.

The principles on which this glorious revolution have been undertaken, are set forth in the two following documents. The address of Don Quiroga, one of the Patriot chiefs, to the Spanish troops in Andalusia,

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"Soldiers! placed at your head by the choice of the officers of the army, I shall speak to you with that frankness which ought to exist between companions in arms. "Our Spain is on the verge of destruction, your ruin would be completed by that of the country; you were destined to death, more for the purpose of releasing the government from the dread inspired by your courage, than to make a conquest of the colonies-a thing which is now become impossible. In the mean time, your families remained in the most merciless slavery, under a tyrannical and arbitrary government which disposes at will of the properties, the existence, and the liberties of the unhappy Spaniards.

"Soldiers, this government was about to destroy the nation, and ends by destroying itself. It was not possible any longer to endure its sway. On the one hand, violence and weakness, and on the other, only indignation and contempt were provoked, whilst to render the nation happy the government ought to inspire confidence, love, and respect.

"Soldiers, let us employ for our welfare and that of our countrymen, the arms which have secured the independence of the nation against the power of Bonaparte; the enterprize is easy and glorious.─Does there exist a Spanish soldier who will oppose our view? No! in the very ranks of those whom the government may assemble, you will find brothers who will join us; and if some base born miscreants should dare to turn their arms against you, let them perish as the satellites of tyranny should do, unworthy of the name of Spaniards!

"Soldiers, I depend upon you; you are the worthy children of the country, justify yourselves as such. Union and disciplinethis is what I recommend to you. I shall have the satisfaction of recompensing those who may distinguish themselves: but if any one forgets his duty, I shall prove that authority has not been confided to me in vain, and that the energy of a government, which seeks good, is always superior to that of despots.

"Soldiers, victory awaits our banners, and in her train the glory and rewards which the country will lavishly bestow.

"ANTONIO QUIROGA,. "General in Chief of the National Army. "Head Quarters, at San Fernando, Jan. 5, 1820.

MONTHLY MAG, No. 338.

THE CORPS OF THE NATIONAL ARMY TO THE

REMAINDER OF THE SPANISH MILITARY.

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Companions! the Spanish military have always been celebrated for their valour, fidelity, and constancy under hardships, in short, for all the virtues which characterize warriors and heroes. The last war stirred up against the nation by him who endeavoured to enslave it, has crowned achievements, decided the destinies of Eutheir immortal reputation, and, by their rope. Spain acquired a noble pride on seeing the manful spirit of her children. So many virtues filled her with the sweetest hopes; and already sure of throwing off the yoke of foreigners, she was anxious to secure her future happiness and splendour, by means of a constitution which is the model of equity, justice, and wisdom. Whilst ye were shedding your blood in front of the enemies' hosts, the fathers, of their country were raising the sanctuary of the laws, and building their labours on your immortal sacrifices. Ye swore to guard and defend the code they sanctioned in face of the universe. Our country heard and accepted your vows and oaths, and the people thought themselves arrived at the pin. nacle of happiness and glory, on seeing, amidst the general approbation and applause, the sweet fruits of all their hardships.

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"We will not now remind you of the fatal day on which we saw that monument east down, apparently so lasting. We will not now remind you of that weakness and want of courage, so unworthy of us, which we evinced on that occasion. We, who had hitherto been the children of our country, then converted ourselves into the property of one single man. Those who had fought for freedom, then became the instru'ments of oppression. The people, who no longer beheld us as their supporters, trembled at the aspect of the warrior, and viewed him as their scourge. Alas! how great was our ignominy !-How great was the stain for those who had become the envy of the European military! A wrongly understood love of order caused us then to forget oaths so solemn, and stifle feelings we ought openly to have evinced. The nation interiorly complained of us; wept over our fatal weakness; and this, in fact, was the origin of the evils with which we are now upbraided.

"And what! will you any longer endure a stigma so justly merited? Do not six years of humiliation and bitterness suffice? Are ye not daily seeing the fatal consequences of this too extrème fidelity and obedience -How shall it dare to manifest the sentiments by which it was distinguished, if they are stifled by your bayonets? Can ye delight in oppressing that people of whom ye ought to form part? Can ye feast on the inconstant favours of a court, purchased with the tears of those whose sweat is consecrated to your very subsistence? Will ye be insensible to the voice of 2N

the

the public, who at one time admired you as heroes, but who are now astonished on seeing you so lost to yourselves?

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that becomes the valiant Spanish military. We, tired of enslaving our own nation, have raised the cry of freedom, and now invite you to follow so noble an example, and acknowledge your error by sacrifices to restore it. Ye, who are our brethren, ought, like us, to be converted into children of our country, and shed your blood on its behalf, should this be necessary. Can any one hesitate between being its children or its oppressors? Between being the shield of the land on which we were born, or continuing to enslave it by base meanness? What alternative is left?

Companions! We are not so devoid of principle as to suppose you do not feel as ourselves. Your sentiments are ours-we know it. If hitherto they have not been evinced to the world, this has been prevented by unfortunate circumstances, and by perfidious and stupid men, who prefer their own interest to the most sacred calls of virtue and nature; who exercise over you an influence as lamented as it is fatal to our country; and intimidate you by language opposed to reason and the acquirements of the age. Do not listen to them. Break through a prejudice so degrading to brave men. Do not consent any longer to be governed with such arbitrariness and despotism. Do not consent to let the blood of brave men be disposed of so capriciously. Do not consent any longer to soil your names with the ignominy of oppressing others. Unite with us, and ye will again become men and true children of glory. Join the cause of our country, which will lead you with benedictions, when it sees the constitution re-established—this is the object of all our wishes. Our country's dignity is cast down-it is for us to restore it. Its honor is obscured in the eyes of Europe-let us bring it back to its ancient splendour. Let us, in short, secure to it civil liberty, and our country will be indebted to us for the greatest of all earthly

benefits.

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The most flattering accounts arrive here from all quarters, as to the results of the revolution, before its grand completion in the capital.

The Inquisition has been abolished by an express order of Ferdinand, and all the prisoners and exiles for political opinions have been recalled.

When the King resolved to adopt the constitution, the Duke of Infantado, President of the Council of Castile, and one of those who most contributed to establish the despotism, exclaimed

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Sire, Your Majesty has saved yourself by taking the oath to adopt the constitution, but as for us, we are all lost alluding to the penalties incurred by those who advise the overthrow of the constitution, and who by its 1720. article are properly declared guilty of high treason.

The King having on the 5th, written to the different councils, established by the decree of the preceding evening, advice on the measures proper to be to present to him without delay their adopted, all these bodies concluded The Council of State was assembled on for a prompt convocation of the Cortes. the 6th. and the same wish was expressed by it. On the 7th. in the morning, a Gazette Extraordinary was published, to announce the following

decree:

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pating in their opinion, and finding it conformable to the fundamental laws, the maintenance of which I have sworn, I or der that the Cortes shall be immediately assembled. For this purpose, the council will adopt the measures which it may judge best suited for realizing my intention, and in order that the legitimate representatives of my people may be heard, after they have been furnished with the necessary powers conformable to these measures. Every thing which the general welfare requires being thus granted, they will find me ready to do what the interest of the state and the happiness of the people, who have given me so many proofs of their loyalty, may require. The Council will give me its opinion on the doubts which might impede the attainment of this object, in order that neither difficulty and delay may arise in the execution of the decree."

The same day, at 10 in the evening, the principal authorities received the following communication, which appeared in an Extraordinary Gazette, published at 8 in the morning :

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Madrid, March 8. "The King addressed to all the Secretaries of State the following decree:

"To prevent the delay which might be occasioned by the doubts which the Council may experience relative to the execution of my decree of yesterday's date, for the immediate convocation of the Cortes, and according to the general wish of the people, I have determined to take the oath to the Constitution promulgated by the Cortes in the year 1812."

The determination of the King to swear to maintain the constitution, promulgated by the Cortes in 1812, was accelerated by the unexpected defection of Count de l'Abisbal, who, on the 4th. inst. left Madrid at the head of the Imperial Regiment Alexander, charged to escort a convoy destined for General Freyre, who was opposed to the insurgents of Andalusia. On quitting the King, he kissed his Majesty's hand, and protested that he would shed the last drop of his blood in his Sovereign's cause. But on arriving at Ocana, only 10 leagues from Madrid, he proclaimed the constitution, and was joined by a regiment of cavalry in that town. General Ballasteros has been named by the King Governor of the capital. It is said that his Majesty dispatched a courier to Valladolid, to which place the General had been banished, to require his services. He entered upon his functions on the 8th, when all those who were in confinement for political offences were liberated, as were also those confined in

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the prisons of the Inquisition. In the evening, the King's Palace and the whole city were illuminated. His Majesty walked out on the Prado, and was welcomed with enthusiasm.

The stone on which is engraven the constitution, which was removed in 1814, was re-erected in its former position. Joy was general.

Saragossa declared for the constitution on the 5th instant. Intelligence from Bayonne states, that Oviedo, the capital of Austurias, and Santander, followed the example of Galicia; the whole kingdom of Murcia has adopted the constitutional system. It appears that General Freyre could not restrain his troops, whose disaffection involved him in great difficulties.

On the 7th inst, the Grand Inquisitor received in council a notice, in the King's hand-writing, signifying to him that his functions had ceased, and that the Inquisition no longer existed, conformable to the fundamental laws of the nation.

What is better than all, thousands of State Prisoners, who have been cruelly immured for years in loathsome dungeons, have been restored to their liberty and families.

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The Madrid Gazette extraordinary of the 9th inst. contains the following document: Having decided, by a Decree dated the 7th, to swear to maintain the Constitution published at Cadiz by the General and Extraordinary Cortes, in the year 1812, I took the provisional oath before a Junta,nominated ad interim, and composed of persons who enjoy theconfidence of the people, until in the presence of the Cortes, which I purpose to convene, conformably to the aforesaid Constitution, I can solemnly ratify my oath in the form it prescribes.

The individuals appointed to compose this Junta, are—

Cardinal de Bourbon, Archbishop of Toledo, President.

Lieut.-General Don Francis Ballasteros, Vice President.

The Bishop of Valladolid de Mechoacan.
Don Manuel Abud y Queiro.
Don Manuel Lardizabel.
Don Matteo Valdemoros.
Don Vicente Sancho.
Count de Taboada.
Don Francis Crespo de Tejada.
Don Bernardo Tarrien. And
Don Ignacio Pezuela.

All measures which emanate from the Go

vernment until the Constitutional installa

tion of the Cortes shall be submitted to this

Junta, and promulgated with its concur

rence.

"The authorities in all parts of our kingdom, where these presents shall be communicated,

In Burton-Creseent, Mr.James White, for many years one of the London Agents of the different Provincial Newspapers. He was the author of a very witty and ingenious work, called " Falstaff's Letters," published soon after the detection of the Shaksperean Forgery.

At the Hotwells, aged 56, Mrs. Price, widow of the late Meredith Price, esq. of Lincoln's Inn Fields.

At Knightsbridge, 83, Michael Underwood, M.D. Licentiate in Midwifery of the Royal College of Physicians in London, and the Senior Physician to the British Lying-in Hospital.

At her house, in Southampton-street, Camberwell, 87, Mrs. Sarah Brayfield, widow, leaving an only son to deplore the loss of an affectionate parent. She was hospitable and charitable, and sincerely 'regretted by all who knew her. She was a lineal descendant on the paternal side; from the celebrated bresbyter the Rev. Luke Milbourn.

At Blackheath, 46, universally respected. and lamented, Robert Scott, esq. of Shencliff Hall, in the County of Durham.

At the great age of 92, The Right Honourable Asheton Curzon, Viscount Curzon. His lordship was a junior of the Scarsdale family, born in 1729, and educated at Oxford, where he took the degree of L.I.D. in 1754. He was long a member of the House of Commons, and sat for the borough of Clitheroe, as his son did after him; of which borough he had half the property. In 1794, he was called up to the House of Peers, by the title of Baron Curzon of Pen, in the County of Bucks, and in 1802, was created Viscount Curzon. He has been three times married, first, to Esther, the daughter of W. Harmer, esq. by whom he had a son, who married the present baroness Howe, and whose son will succeed to the two peerages of Curzon and Howe. In 1766, he married Dorothy, sister of the first Earl Grosvenor, by whom he has issue. His third wife was the sister of Sir W. Meredith, who died without issue in 1804. He is succeeded in his title of Curzon, by his grandson, George Augustus.

In Park-lane, E. Cooke, esq. late under Sec. of State. He was educated at Eton, and at King's College, Cambridge. About the year 1778, he accepted the situation of private secretary to the late Sir Richard Haron, chief secretary of Ireland. During the duke of Rutland's administration he was appointed to the lucrative office of chief clerk of the Irish House of Commons, and a keeper of the Irish parliamentary records. In 1789, he became secretary to the military department in Ireland, and was removed from that office by Lord Fitzwilliam. Earl Camden nominated him secretary to the civil department, which he held until the Union.. On this occasion he commenced author, and published "Arguments for and against an Union

between Great Britain und ireland, printed in Dublin, 1798. Mr. Cooke, while in Ireland, married a daughter of Colonel Ham Gorges with whom he had a good fortune. He is supposed to have been the author of many anonymous pieces, written in defence of the Irish administration. He was after the Union for many years under Secretary of State for the foreign department, and much in the confidence of Lord Castlereagh, but from this post he has lately retired. Since which he went on a private mission to the continent, said to have been to her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales, now Queen of Great Britain.

At Stoke Newington, 42, Edmund Aikir, esq. an ingenious architect, son of Dr. John Aikin, of that place.

At Dulwich, 67, John Bowles, esq. He was the son of a print seller in St. Paul's Church Yard, and educated for the bar, to which he was called; but the bar not proving to him a very lucrative employ, he next began to write on the side of government. His first work was in 1791, "Considerations on the Rights of Judge and Jury in Trials for Libel." Then, "Letter to Mr. Fox on his Late Motion in the House of Commons, Respecting Libel, 1791 " "A Second Letter" on the same subject. "Brief Deductions from the First Principles, Applying to Matters of Libel. 1752." In all these he took the opposed to liberty. In 1753, he published the "Real Grounds of the Present War with France ;" and "A Short Answer in the Declarations of the Persons Calling Themselves Friends of the Liberty of the Press." "Dialogue on the Rights of Britons," 1793. "Reflections Submitted to the Consideration of the Combined Powers," 1794. "Further Reflections," 1795. "Thoughts on a Premature Peace." "Thoughts on the Origin and Formation of Literary Instructions.". But the work which made most noise, and was most applauded by ministerial adherents, was a "Protest against Paine's Rights of Man," which, by the tools of the minister, was held forth as superior to Mr. Burke's celebrated Reflections, &c. Two Letters addressed to a "British Merchant, 1796." "A third Letter, 1798." Soon after, this literary hero made an attack on Mr. Erskine's View of the causes and consequences of the war, under the tile of "French Aggresssion proved." In 1795, he sent forth "Retrospect of a Collection of Tracts, published at various periods of the War."" Reflec. tions on the state of Society, at the close of the Eighteenth Century." "A Supplement, 1801." In short, John was the literary drudge of administration,and was rewarded by the appointment of a Commissioner of Bankrupts, and of one of the Commissioners for the sale of Dutch prizes, of which he knew how to make a very lucrative employment. On the death of the

late

late Duke of Bedford, he thought proper to attack the moral character of that distinguished nobleman, in which he was well exposed by Mr. Eden. His other works are:-"Reflections on the state of Morals at the beginning of the 15th Century."-" Reflections on the conclusion of theWar."-"Reflections on Modern Female

Manners." Thoughts on the General Election, 1802."—" The salutary effects of Vigour exemplified in the Nottingham Act." With various other pamphlets, all breathing the same pure spirit of toryism, and perhaps it may be said of John Bowles, that he never wrote a line in favor of the liberties of his country.

PROVINCIAL OCCURRENCES. With all the Marriages and Deaths.

NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM.

A

MEETING of the county of Northum, berland was lately held at Morpeth, fo the purpose of addressing his Majesty on the demise of the late King. The Duke of Northumberland moved the address, which was seconded, in an eloquent speech, by Earl Grey, and carried unanimously. Other counties and towns have done the same. Gazette has been filled with them.

The

On the 24th of February, Mr. Justice Bayley opened the first Spring Assize for the county of Northumberland. There were nine prisoners, and three received sentence of death.

At the Newcastle Assizes there were fourteen prisoners; three were sentenced to be transported for seven years.

The following singular advertisement, headed Advertisement Extraordinary, lately appeared in a Newcastle paper:-Lately published, and may be had at the depository, in Mosley-street, (gratis,) "a list of twelve members," intended for the new committee of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, containing six clergymen, of true, genuine, and oxthodox principles, established according to "The Confession of Faith,"" Wesley's Primitive Physic," and "The Cloud of Witnesses," made before" The Assembly of Divines" brought forth at the last monthly meeting of the said society, by the various very active saints, who are desirous of getting their evangelical friends into power, in order to destroy all the immoral and abominable works now on the shelves of the society, written by Gibbon, Hume, Byron, Voltaire, Rousseau, &c.

"N. B. Resolved unanimously, by the members of the proposed committee, at a late meeting, as a pledge of their good and serious -intentions, (provided they get into power,) That the present licentious periodical publications ordered for the society shall be superseded by the Methodist Magazine, the Arminian Magazine, the Evangelical Magazine, the Gospel Magazine, the Congregational Magazine, the Theological Magazine, the Christian Remembrancer, the Christian Instructor, the Christian Guardian, the Christian Observer, and the Christian Magazine." This originated from a majority of the members of the public library refusing to incorporate" Don Juan" in their library.

A warm contest for the representation of the county of Durham, between Mr. Lambton,

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Married.]-Mr. W. G. Thompson, to Miss D. Seagar Mr. J. Robson, to Miss J. James : all of Newcastle. Mr. T. Wilkinson,

to Miss E. Hall: both of Durham. Mr. R. Dodds, of Cullercoats, to Mrs. B. Taylor, of North Shields. Mr. W. Coates to Miss M. Walton, both of Sunderland. Mr. R. Pilter, of Monkwearmouth, to Miss E. Gaines, of Sunderland. Mr. J. Gardener, of New Lambton, to Miss M. Mowbray, of Wapping, London. Mr. G. D. Armstrong, of Skelton, to Miss Thompson, of Catterlain. At Jarrow, Mr. Waldeck, to Mrs. Fisher. Mr. J. Matthewson, of Chatershaugh, to Miss M. Byerley, of Bearl.

Died.]-At Newcastle, in Dean-street, 65, Mr. J. Robson. In Galloway-gate, 49, Mrs. H. Arundale, deservedly regretted. In Middle-street, Mr. W. Hind, much-respected. In Darn Crook, 60, Mrs. J. Forsyth. In Prince's-street, 85, Mrs. Henderson. 70, Mrs. A. Cleugh, in Percy-street. 75, Mrs. E. Hall. In Cumberland-row, 83, Mrs. R. Crawford. 74, Mrs. Hewitt, respected. At Gateshead, Miss Richardson. 78, Mr. W. Paton. At Sunderland, 81, Mrs. L. Sanderson, widow of the Rev. W. Sanderson, of Morpeth. At Bishopwearmouth, Mr. Marshall, much-regretted. Miss J. Arthur. At Stockton, 36, Mrs. M. Gibson. At Alnwick, 61, Mrs. M. Snowdon. At Harbottle, 82, Mrs. B. Burns. At Little Lumley, 82, Mr. J. Sherraton. At Belsay Barn, 40, Mrs. M. Hindmarsh. At Mount Moor, 94, Mr. Stobart. At Mydomsley, Mrs. J. Surtees, much-respected. At Edmondbyers, 73, Mr. T. Barker.

CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORELAND.

Mr. Brougham, one of the most enlightened political characters of his age, has again tried the independent interest of Cumberland against the leviathan of the north, but on the seventh day the numbers were

Lord Lowther
Col. Lowther
Mr. Brougham
when the latter resigned.

1530

1512

1394

The new commission for holding assize for Cumberland, was opened lately by Mr. Justice

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