great part of my object will have failed. Allow me, Brutus, to remark one more distinction between me and thee. The fall of Cæsar, which was thy work, was no benefit but a misfortune to the community. The senate was sunken into an inveteracy of corruption, in which no redress could be hoped from its exertions. The people were gainers by obtaining a monarch. And where could they find a better than Cæsar? Thou torest from thy country a man without whom it could go on no longer. The scenes which followed are pledges of this truth. But did I inflict such a wound upon France by the murder of Marat? And would not that country again revive, if all those foes of the people, whom it mistakes for friends, were sacrificed on one day of retribution by other poignards equally ruthless? satisfied with the removal of this man, Anthony remained, who was worse than Cæsar, and who employed the name of Cæsar after his unfortunate end to a thousand purposes which no one had foreseen. Was Rome after the performance of thy heroic action again free? Did she climb once more to her former eminence, or sink at every step of her progress deeper? I well know what was thy idea. Thou thoughtest to have to do with those ancient Romans, the avengers of liberty, ever ready to sacrifice themselves for their country. Thou couldst flatter thyself that so soon as Cæsar should have ceased to live, the machine of the constitution would once more be wound up, when the impediment was removed which seemed to hinder its motion. But thou wast deceived. I am a woman; I give lessons to thee, a man, and a Roman. Hadst thou in the first place made a wise use of the alarm, in which the death of Cæsar had plunged his friends, and aroused to vigilance the courage of a great number of citizens, who were ready to take up arms for the emancipation of Rome, thou wouldst have been able to restore, at least for a season, the ancient republic. But thou didst not see the necessity of recurring to this only mean, and thus Anthony gained time and ability to make himself powerful. BRUTUS.-What an humiliation for me to receive lessons from a woman, and of a nation whose character is distinguished beyond that of others for an incomprehensible levity, an untameable ardour, a frivolous versatility, and a ridiculous vanity! I am mute. CORDAY.-I do not misinterpret thy greatness of soul. Thy unchangeable goodness, thy lofty sentiments, thy steadiness, over which neither time, nor pleasure, nor avarice, had any power, thy unconquerable resolution to defend justice, and to banish tyranny, will for ever render thee in my eyes truly respectable. Only leave to me the fame, after which I thirsted, that of rendering to my country a service, which not every one could or would render it-the fame of having provoked others to proceed in a career in which I first trode, until they shall have by degrees rescued my nation from a sleep of torment, whence, if she does not speedily awake, total destruction awaits her. Marat at least is no longer among the living. His death may bring others to reflection. If this does not happen, then indeed a BRUTUS. I could not restore freedom to Rome, ardently as I wished it; and thou hast not plucked from France the monsters who flay thy country. Let us wrap ourselves in the mantle of our virtue. We did what we could. For the Monthly Magazine. PARTICULARS of a late EARTHQUAKE at LISBON. THE following particulars relative to an earthquake hitherto unrecorded in England at Lisbon, have been translated from the Portuguese of M. Franzini. On the second of February, 1816, at forty minutes past twelve, A.M. the wind blowing from the west, a strong shock of an earthquake was felt at Lisbon, which lasted nearly a minute. The oscillations appeared to be from N.E. to S.W. This phenomenon failed not to excite a general alarm among the inhabitants, who rushed out of their houses for fear of their falling; fresh shocks were felt at three quarters past six, but were neither so intense nor lasting as the former. A very copious shower of rain fell soon after the first oscillations. This earthquake was felt not only through the whole country of Portugal, but even at the distance of three hundred leagues west of Lisbon, as appears from the following extracts from the log-books of two vessels: "Journal kept on board the Marquis de Angejd, in her voyage from Bengal to Lisbon. On the first of February, 1816, at three-quarters past eleven at night, (which, calculating the position of the vessel, and reckoning the hours in the meridian of Lisbon, would correspond with the time above dated), a motion was felt felt in the ship, which at first was con- tidious. The most respectable (apceived to be occasioned by the keel strik-parently) and doubtless, the most viring on a sand bank. This shock lasted tuous French females seemed to contemmore than two minutes, and proceeded plate with indifference, the Cupids and no doubt, from an earthquake. It was Psyches, the Venuses and Adonises, the felt again at five o'clock in the morning, Shepherds, Bacchantes, and Odalisques, or six o'clock, at Lisbon, but with much presented in all the nakedness of beauty less of intensity. From our astronomical to their view. observations we find, that at the instant of the great shock, our vessel was in 34° 15 north-lat. and 15° 10' west-long. computed from the meridian of Lisbon; which implies that we were W.S.W. from that city, and at 270 leagues distance." Another extract from the journal kept on board the brig Packet-boat of Lisbon, in its traverse from Brazil to Portugal. "On the second of February at fifteen minutes past twelve, A.M. (equivalent to forty-two at Lisbon), we felt some smart shocks, which lasted five or six minutes. It was felt again at a quarter past three, (forty minutes past three at Lisbon), but it lasted only two or three seconds. We were then in 36° 51′ north-lat. and 6° 52′ west-long, or about 120 leagues. W.S.W. from Lisbon. And again, at half an hour past five A.M. (fifty-seven minutes past five at Lisbon), we felt the same shocks again, for the third time, for about three minutes. Hence it appears that the first shock was felt very nearly at the same instant, in places very remote from each other." The journals of the time made mention of an earthquake felt in the Madeira islands and in Holland, which must have been the same with the one here referred to. For the Monthly Magazine. The STATE of the FINE ARTS in FRANCE; written in PARIS, after viewing the late Exhibition, by D. CAREY, esq. [Continued from p. 127.] HERE was throughout the exhibition a vicious taste prevailing, and one highly calculated to have an injurious effect on public morals; though the examples of the best masters, and the ancients may be adduced in support of it. There was a woeful want of dress perceptible in almost every picture; in fact, perfect nudity was the glaring characteristic, and English delicacy would have been not a little offended at the utter disregard manifested by the French painters as to the propriety of shade, and a slight attempt at creating a necessary habiliment. The feeling on this subject, however, on the other side of the water does not appear so scrupulously fas In the picture of " Cæsar going to the Senate on the day of the Ides of March,” by PUJOL, the artist has here judiciously availed himself of the incidents in the records. Cæsar having arrived at the steps of the Portico of Pompey, finds the Senate assembled. Calpurnia, his wife, warned by presentiments, has followed to arrest his progress. Seeing her prayers rejected, she falls into the arms of Anthony, whilst Cæsar is attending to the voice of Albanius, who is in the act of addressing the assembly. To the left of the dictator, a bird of sinister presage is crossing the air. Cassius seems to thank the gods for the omen, and presses the hand of Brutus, who appears wakening from a profound reverie. In the crowd may be distinguished one of the conspirators with his hand on the mouth of a Greek slave who wished to reveal the plot. There was not much force of colouring in this picture, but it was not without its effect. It was bespoke by the Duke of Orleans, as was also a well conceived and successfully finished representation of the "Last Appearance of Gustavus Vasa before the States at Stockholm,” by HERSENT. "Francis the First at Vaucluse," by BOURGEOIS, and the same monarch" at the Tomb of Laura," by Desmoulins. There were two very fine classical designs, and the simplicity and delicacy evinced in both instances, did credit to the painters. We are informed that Francis, desirous of penetrating the mystery in which Petrarch has involved the name of his mistress, and the history of his unhappy passion, determined that he should have the tomb of the unhappy Laura opened before him. The search, however, was ineffectual. The relics of the once beauteous fair, and a box containing some Italian poetry discovered in the tomb, were the only objects which rewarded this curiosity. This is the subject of M. Desmoulin's picture. That of M. Bourgeois is more poetical and in accordance with fine feeling. The royal votary is seen pensively bending over the tomb of Laura, on which he has traced the following lines which are really the Monarch's own writing: "En "En petit lieu compris vous pouvez voir Ce qui comprend beaucoup par renommée Plume, labeur, la langue, le sçavoir Furent vaincus de l'amant par l'année; O gentille ame, etant tout estimée, Qui te pourra louer qu'en se taisant; Car la parole est toujours reprimée, Quand le sujet surmonte le disant." In this branch of the art I also remarked, with pleasure, some specimens of female taste and application. Among these was one by Madame SERRIENES, representing Blanche of Castille, Mother of St. Louis, and Regent of France, delivering the prisoners confined in the dungeons of the Chapitre de Chastenay, near Paris; the style of which was altogether highly pleasing. This Henry 4th, by FRAGONARD. was not the only portrait exhibited of this favorite Monarch; but it represented a trait in his history deserving of imitation as well as of praise. Indignant that Gabrielle should have preferred a complaint against Sully, his minister, the monarch replies, that "such a faithful servant was worth ten such mistresses." The fair Gabrielle and Sully are well represented. There is a venerable air of antiquity thrown around the person of the Statesman, who appears to await the decision of the King with perfect calmness, whilst Gabrielle seems to have come to solicit his dismissal in all the strength of her charms. The effect, however, of the reproach of the King is evident on the disappointed favorite. She is ready to sink into the ground. An interesting picture, by the same artist, represented Fenelon succouring the wounded at the battle of Malplaquet. "Louis the 16th writing his will;" by Battaglini. The unfortunate Monarch appears engaged in writing these words," I pardon, from my heart entirely, all my enemies, and I pray God to pardon them." The execution of this portrait is in good style; and the air of benignity, which characterises the unhappy Prince, is well calculated to increase commiseration for his fate. "Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Angouleme embarking at Pouillac, near Bourdeaux, April 1, 1815," by GROS. This picture, which was on a very large scale, excited much attention. From the number and size of the scriptural pieces exhibited this year, it was evident the painters had been work ing with much industry, in the hope their productions would be bought up to supply the place of the paintings, taken from the churches for the purpose of filling the vacancies made by the restoration of the foreign pictures. In many there was a surprising force of expression and beauty. "Jesus Christ appeasing the Tempest," by DUBUFE, a young artist. This is a painting in the style of West. The image of Him, whom the winds and waves obey, is expressed with much boldness and sublimity. The calmness diffused around the features of the Saviour, in the awful moment of peril to all others, forms a striking contrast to the wild tumult of the elements, and the consternation of the wonder-struck mariners who surround him. "Jesus disputing with the Doctors in the Temple," by FRANQUELIN; "Christ laid in the Tomb," by JANVILLE, (this picture intended for the ornament of the city of Metz;) and "The Resurrection of the Redeemer," by GUILLEMOT, also afforded subjects in which the taste and ability of the respective candidates were conspicuously eminent. [To be continued.] For the Monthly Magazine. FACTS relative to the MICHIGAN TERRITORIES on the GREAT LAKES of NORTH AMERICA. THE HE commerce of this vast country, like all others, has kept pace with the facilities of trade and inducements to enterprize. From the time that this country was ceded to the United States, in 1794, to the commencement of the late war with Great Britain, its commerce was very inconsiderable, being confined to the fur trade, and the supplying of a small garrison at Detroit. Since the peace of 1815, it has been fast increasing. The events of the war called the public attention to this region, and it was found to possess as great facilities for the enjoyment of an inland commerce as any section of the United States. The establishment of several military posts, and the increasing emigration, are the principal causes of the prosperity of trade. A profitable commerce is now carried on from this territory to all the countries bordering on the lakes Erie, Huron, and Michigan, which is almost entirely monopolized by enterprizing adventurers from the eastern states. Merchants supply themselves with European goods, mostly from the city of New York, which are transported by water from Buffalo; but the mercantile interest is much impaired, and the revenue revenue of the United States defrauded by an illicit trade, which is constantly carried on with the neighbouring province of Upper Canada. The annual importations for the fur trade may be estimated at 8,150,000. The exports, including furs and peltries, are much greater. The coasting trade carried on with the states for Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York, consists of domestic produce, viz. salt, pork, beef, flour, corn, butter, cheese, lard, whiskey, &c. which are trafficked for cider, apples, fish, &c. and purchased by the government for the consumption of the troops. Large quantities of furs are also annually transported to Buffals for the Albany and New York market. The territory is divided into two collection districts, those of Detroit and Michilimackinac; to each of which districts there is a port of entry of the same name. The coasting trade is principally connected with the district of Detroit, at which there were entered, during the year 1818, 3501 bbls. flour, 2,813 do. salt, 1,948 do. whiskey, 888 do. pork, 295 do. fish, 663 firkins of butter, 5,062 bushels corn, 1,042 head beef cattle, 1,435 fat hogs. There was also cleared from this same port, during the same year, bound principally to the military stations upon the lakes Huron and Michigan, 2,024 bbls. flour, 1,262 do. salt, 753 do. cider, 1,478 do. fish, 105 pork, 394 do. beef, 454 do. whiskey, 153 firkins butter, 1,280 bushels corn. The shipping owned by the citizens of this territory is about 600 tons. The vessels are from 10 to 60 tons burden. The commercial advantages of this territory are obvious from its situation in relation to the surrounding lakes, and the rising importance of this and the other interior countries. For the Monthly Magazine. OBSERVATIONS on the intended Cultivation of DARTMOOR; and the Establishment of a Meropolitan School thereon. IT T is generally reported, through the medium of the public newspapers, that it is at present intended to convert "Dartmoor Prison" into a Metropolitan School, to which the London parishes may send their children to receive a useful education, who, when they arrive at the age of manhood, may have allotments of the Moor to cultivate, (on lease) and to enable them to establish themselves as husbandmen. Understanding that such is the projected plan, the writer of these observations on it, trusts that a few words on a subject of such great importance to the welfare of Devonshire, will not be deemed superfluous or unacceptable.* It is intended in the first place to state what the author deems to be the advantages derivable from such a scheme, and on the other hand the evils. By London alone the advantages will be reaped, and to it they will be very great; for it will have a place, in the Metropolitan School, to which it may send its children, who will have the advantage of a good and useful education for persons in their line of life; and thus will London be enabled to free. itself from the burden of a redundant population; it will by this plan be enabled to lessen very materially the Poor's rates of its parishes, by disposing of many thousands of persons, the maintenance of whom is enormously expensive. The inconveniencies which arise from an over-populated parish, are too well known to need any comment: its consequences are, lack of labour for the poor, idleness, and consequent depravity. For evil habits are always visible where there is idleness, the truth of which drew these words from the lips of Plato, that "Labour is preferable to idleness, as brightness to rust." It must be also obvious to every reflecting mind, that it is to London a most desirable object to find a place to which it may send the idle, unprovided for, and licentious characters of its parishes. Having thus canvassed the advantages derivable from the plan, it now remains to state, both the almost impracticability of its being effected, and the disadvantages under which it must labour. First, then, the impracticability, which will be seen by a view of the situation, soil, height, &c. of Dartmoor, the place fixed upon for this intended experiment. The Forest of Dartmoor being the name by which this Moor is generally known, many persons have been led to suppose that a large number of trees grow upon it; but this, though a natural, is nevertheless a great mistake; for it is well known to all who have visited that part of Devonshire, that the number of trees growing upon Dartmoor is exceedingly small, and that the few which have been planted there are in *First printed by Woolmer, of the Gazette Office, Exeter, and sold at six-pence. such such a state, as to prove that the air distant from Oakhampton thirty miles, and soil but ill agree with them. The author intends to be as accurate as possible in his description of that district of Devonshire. Situated at the Western extremity of the county, it rises with magnificent grandeur above the surrounding heights, which compose an extremely rough and broken region in this part of Devonshire. When the ascent of this Moor is gained, it is found to be a long extended plain, that is in comparison with the leading features of the country below; in many parts it is greatly infested with bogs, of a most dangerous description, which are totally incapable of bearing the lightest quadruped that walks upon the other parts of the Moor. There are undoubtedly some parts of Dartmoor on which there is a sort of long silky grass, but which never affords pasture for any sort of cattle after the month of November. Scarcely a winter passes in which the Moor is not covered with snow, and that of a very great depth.* Also the fogs which pass over it, during some months, are such as not only to be very prejudicial to the health, but even to prevent by its thickness the power of distinguishing objects at a very small distance.† The computed elevation of Dartmoor is no less than one thousand and fortyfive feet above the highest hills in the adjoining districts. To show as clearly as possible the difference of the climate in the neighhood of Dartmoor, and in other parts of the county, the register mentioned in Vancouver's Survey of Devonshire, to have been kept at Oakhampton, which is in the neighbourhood of the Moor, and at Ilfracombe, which latter place is *At the time these observations were preparing for the press, the snow upon Dartmoor was exceedingly deep. A melancholy accident occurred from it in the death of two boys, who had been sent by their master in quest of some sheep. By this circumstance the dangerous state of Dartmoor in the winter is sufficiently proved. †The Author knows it to be a fact, that an officer, who had been on duty at the prison on Dartmoor, declared, that the fog was so thick at times upon the Moor, that the only means by which the centinels could ascertain that each other were at their posts, was by bells, some of which being rung, were answered by others placed at a proper distance from them. MONTHLY MAG. No. 338. + is here quoted.† Such then is the climate, soil, and situation of the place, which is fixed upon for the establishment of a Metropolitan School. It has been allowed that some parts of Dartmoor are capable of cultivation, and also depasturable; but that these parts are few, it has likewise been declared. The cultivation of Dartmoor, if it is to be effected, must be accomplished by the greatest possible industry and perseverance. Granted that this is the case, the question is this; it is in the populous parishes of London that these essential virtues are to be found; is it thence that men are to be procured of strength and hardiness sufficient to endure the rigorous climate of Dartmoor, or of industry enough to render in a state fit for the reception of the ploughshare, its swampy soil? Having thus stated the disadvantages under which the performance of this object labours, it is intended to show the evils which would accrue from it, were the obstacles which lie in its way to be removed. The sufferers would be the people of Devonshire. The means by which they would be sufferers, are increase of population; that an increase of population would take place throughout the county is evident; for no one can be blind enough to help foreseeing that those persons sent to Dartmoor from London, and their children after them, would abandon (at least many of them) Dartmoor for the more sheltered and healthy situations held out to their view in the milder parts of the county. And what, let it be asked, would be the result of their spreading themselves through the county, but an increase of population. And the reader must be well aware, that few persons of any reflection consider such an increase as a desirable object. The arguments pro and con having been impartially stated, it is now the proper time for the reader to form his judgment of the case; and to whichever side he may be inclined to lean, † TABLE OF THE REGISTER. Situation- Jan. Feb. March. April. May. June. Ilfracombe- 53 48 52 624 643 41 50 Oakhampton 34 36 55 Difference 183 | 112 | 103 Situation July Aug. Ilfracombe 65 | 66 Oakhampton 62 57 53 14 119 Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 613 62 63 57 463 58 56 41 2 F 89 the |