In compliance with current copyright law, the University of Minnesota Bindery produced this facsimile on permanent-durable paper to replace the irreparably deteriorated original volume owned by the University Library. JAN 20'53 Goodspeid 942 V.2 CONTENTS BOOK FOURTH (CONTINUED) THE MODERN REACTION III. THE NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC CAMPAIGN, IV. THE End of the EIGHTEENTH CENTURY V. THE 'EMANCIPATION' MOVEMENT, . (For Complete Synopsis, see Vol. I.) 1410049 TH CHAPTER III THE NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC CAMPAIGN A.D. 1760-1782 'HE dream of capturing the throne direct, in favour of Popery, perished with the other dreams of Prince Charlie on Culloden Moor. In neither France nor Rome, and neither for political nor religious reasons, was there the will or the power to launch any more Pretenders for the British Crown. As the years rolled past, that illusion was finally and for ever dispelled, and the abettors of the Papacy in these kingdoms developed, perhaps half unconsciously at first, but by-and-bye with conscious and deliberate purpose, an altogether different policy. They set themselves not to capture by one heroic stroke the throne and seat Popery thereon, but to capture one by one all the avenues that lead to political power and influence in the State; to climb back and up the ladder from Toleration to Equality, and from Equality to Supremacy. In the reign on which we now enter, this new campaign was fairly opened; and, as we shall see, the new departure was even marked by a new name. The term Papist gives place to Roman Catholic, and we are hereafter led alike by the courtesies of the Modern Age, and by the practice of the Parliamentary statutes, not to speak of Popery, but of the Roman Catholic religion. We need not dispute as to which term is the more descriptive of facts, or characteristic of the spirit of the system designated; though why a follower of and VOL. II. A 2 ROMAN CATHOLIC NOT CATHOLIC BOOK IV. LA.D. 1760 believer in the Pope should regard the terms Popery and Papist as 'insulting,' we cannot divine. Enough for us to know that either term is resented. We have followed hitherto the Parliamentary practice for the centuries that have passed in review, and used the ancient and distinctive names. We shall now follow the Parliamentary practice of the new age, and use the names and titles which since prevail. If it showed any relaxing on the part of these religionists of either the claims made by the Pope, or the concessions granted to him, and indicated their falling back upon a Catholicism that was not Roman and Papal, we would unfeignedly rejoice. Nay, we would gladly yield even further if the facts of history would allow it, and give them heartily their share in the use of that name, which belongs to all Christians, but which they would like exclusively to wear; we would not grudge to hear any one of them say, 'I am a Catholic,' if he meant thereby to convey what the words implicitly involve'but not a Roman Catholic.' But to claim and wear the name 'Catholic,' as covering also everything implied in the words 'Roman' and 'Papal,' is at once 'insulting' to every other Christian Communion, inconsistent with Parliamentary usage and historical facts, and a thing to be resented and resisted on every hand alike in the interests of courtesy and of truth. 'Roman Catholic,' then, if you will; but not exclusively 'Catholic' on any terms! Poor Frederick, the Prince of Wales, about whose marriage the elder Pitt made his famous 'maiden speech,' never came to the throne. He was dead nearly ten years ago. And so it was the grandson of George II. who came to the throne as George III., the dead Prince's son. His accession took place in 1760, and his death in 1820,-the longest reign of all, and, in many respects, one of the most miserable. This young George gloried that he was 'not a foreigner' like his two predecessors, but 'an Englishman born and bred ;' and he cherished |