numerous tribe was a half-brother of Isabel ARNOT, HUGO, an historical and antiSibbald (daughter of Marjory Boswell by a quarian writer of the eighteenth century, second marriage), the mother of the famous was the son of a merchant and ship-proEarl of Angus, called Bell-the-Cat; who, prietor at Leith, where he was born, Dec. having great influence at the Court of 8th, 1749. His name originally was Pollock, James IV., was enabled to advance his which he changed in early life for Arnot, cousins to various preferments in Church on falling heir, through his mother, to the and State. One became Bishop of Gallo- estate of Balcormo, in Fife. As "Hugo way. Another, Robert, who was a favourite Arnot of Balcormo, Fife," he is entered as at Court, had conferred upon him the lands a member of the Faculty of Advocates, of Woodmylne, in the north of Fife, adjoin- December 5th, 1772, when just about to ing the Loch of Lindores, and fell at Flodden complete his twenty-third year. Previous with his royal master. He is spoken of as to this period, he had had the misfortune to captain-general of Stirling Castle. From lose his father. Another evil which befel this Robert were descended the Arnots who him in early life was a settled asthma, the had Woodmylne till the beginning of the result of a severe cold which he caught in seventeenth century, the Arnots of Bal- his fifteenth year. As this disorder was cormo, and the Arnots of Fernie. One of always aggravated by exertion of any kind, the latter married the heiress of Balfour it became a serious obstruction to his proLord Burleigh, and had that title conferred gress at the bar; some of his pleadings, upon him. From him are descended the nevertheless, were much admired, and obpresent Balfour of Fernie and Bruce of tained for him the applause of the bench. Kennet, claimants of the Burleigh peerage, Perhaps it was this interruption of his proas well as the Lord Burleigh who was at- fessional career which caused him to turn tainted for joining the rising of 1715. To his attention to literature. In 1779 appeared return to the main branch of the family. his " History of Edinburgh," one volume In 1629 a baronetcy was bestowed by quarto, a work of much research, and greatly Charles I. on Michael Arnot of Arnot. superior in a literary point of view to the He was followed by Charles, David, John generality of local works. The style of the (a lieutenant-general in the army; died in historical part is elegant and epigrammatic, 1750), and John, who seems to have been with a vein of causticity highly characterthe last baronet; and now the baronetcy is istic of the author. From this elaborate unclaimed. Previous to 1766 the Arnot work the author is said to have only realised estates were acquired by Bruce of Kinross, a few pounds of profit; a piratical impresin whose family they still remain. It does sion, at less than half the price, was not now seem to be known who is the repre- published almost simultaneously in Dublin, sentative of the ancient house of Arnot. and, being shipped over to Scotland in great James, the other grandson of David of the quantities, completely threw the author's untoward looks and name, had the estates edition out of the market. A bookseller's of Brocoli and Colbrandspath (Cockburns second edition, as it is called, appeared path). His descendant, Sir John, who after the author's death, being simply the flourished in the time of James VI., ac- remainder of the former stock, embellished quired large possessions. He was a man of with plates, and enlarged by some additions, considerable standing, and held the offices from the pen of the publisher, Mr Creich. of Treasurer-Depute of Scotland and Lord Another edition was published in 8vo in Provost of Edinburgh. He bought for his 1817. Mr Arnot seems to have now lived grandson the estate of Woodmylne from on terms of literary equality with those disthe descendant of Robert Arnot; but it did tinguished literary and professional chanot remain much above a hundred years in racters who were his fellow townsmen and the family, having been sold soon after the contemporaries. He did not, however, for murder of Arnot, yr. of Woodmylue, in some years publish any other considerable or 1700, by Montgomery. From this second acknowledged work. He devoted his mind family of Arnot of Woodmylne was de- chiefly to local subjects, and sent forth scended Dr Archibald Arnott, the eminent humorous pamphlets and newspaper essays, army surgeon, who attended Napoleon at which had a considerable effect in acceleratSt Helena in his last illness, and whose ing or promoting several public works, for skill and conduct to the illustrious exile in which he received the freedom of the city. trying circumstances have been highly ap- We are told that Mr Arnot, by means of preciated in France. A memoir of him, his influence in local matters, was able to by E. de St Maurice Cabany, was published retard the erection of the South Bridge, as in Paris in 1856. Dr Arnott died at Kirk-well as the formation of Leith Walk, chiefly connel Hall in 1855, in the 84th year of his age. Maternally, he was descended from the family of Irving of Kirkconnel. The Arnot families at present heritors in the county of Fife are the Arnots of Balcormo, Chapel, and Lochieland, and (see above) the Balfours of Fernie. Elsewhere there are the Arnots of Allerly and of Stoneyhall, also derived from the old stock of Arnot of that Ilk.

by objecting to the proposed means of raising the money. In 1785 Mr Arnot published "A Collection of Celebrated Criminal Trials in Scotland, with Historical and Critical Remarks," one volume quarto; a work of perhaps even greater research than his

History of Edinburgh," and written in the same metaphysical and epigrammatic style. In the front of this volume appears

styled the Speculative Society; being pro-
bably suggested to him by the poem of the
Earl of Rochester on the equally impalpable
subject of Silence, If any disagreeable
reflection can rest on Mr Arnot's memory
for the free scope he has given to his mind

if not excused by the taste of the age-he
must be held to have made all the amends
in his power by the propriety of his deport-
ment in latter life; when he entered heartily
and regularly into the observances of the
Scottish Episcopal communion, to which he
originally belonged. If Mr Arnot was any-
thing decided in politics, he was a Jacob-
ite, to which party he belonged by descent
and religion, and also by virtue of his own
peculiar turn of mind. In modern politics
he was quite independent, judging all men
and all measures by no other standard than
their respective merits. In his professional
character he was animated by a chivalrous
sentiment of honour, worthy of all admira-
tion. He was so little of a casuist, that
he would never undertake a case unless he
was perfectly self satisfied as to its justice
and legality. He had often occasion to re-
fuse employment which fell beneath his own
standard of honesty, though it might have
been profitable, and attended by not the
slightest shade of disgrace.
On a case

a large list of subscribers, embracing almost all the eminent and considerable persons in Scotland, with many of those in England, and testifying, of course, to the literary and personal respectability of Mr Arnot. This work appeared without a publisher's name, in consequence of a quarrel with the book-in this little essay-a freedom sanctioned, sellers. Mr Arnot only survived the publication of his Criminal Trials about a twelvemonth. The asthma had, ever since his fifteenth year, been making rapid advances upon him, and his person was now reduced almost to a shadow. While still young, he carried all the marks of age; and accordingly the traditionary recollections of the historian of Edinburgh always point to a man in the extreme of life. Perhaps nothing could indicate more expressively the miserable state to which Mr Arnot was reduced by this disease than his own halfludicrous, half-pathetic exclamation on being annoyed by the bawling of a man selling sand on the streets: "The rascal," cried the unfortunate invalid, "he spends as much breath in a minute as would serve me for a month!" Among the portraits and caricatures of the well-known John Kay may be found several faithful, though somewhat exaggerated, memorials of the emaciated person of Hugo Arnot. As a natural constitutional result of this disease, he was exceedingly nervous, and liable to be dis-being brought before him of the merits of composed by any slight annoyances; on the which he had an exceedingly bad opinion, other hand he possessed such ardour and he said to the intending litigant, in a serious intrepidity of mind, that in youth he once manner-"Pray, what do you suppose me rode on a spirited horse to the end of the pier to be ?" "Why," answered the client, "I of Leith, while the waves were dashing over understand you to be a lawyer." it, and every beholder expected to see him thought, Sir," said Arnot, sternly, "you washed immediately into the sea. On took me for a scoundrel." The litigant, another occasion, having excited some hosti-though he perhaps thought that the major lity by a political pamphlet, and being sum- included the minor proposition, withdrew moned by an anonymous foe to appear at a abashed. Mr Arnot married early in life, particular hour in a lonely part of the and left eight children-three sons and five King's Park, in order to fight, he went and daughters. His eldest son Hugo succeeded waited four hours on the spot, thus perilling to the family estate, and was for a short his life in what might have been the am- time in the army. His youngest son, Lawbuscade of a deadly enemy. By means of rence, was also in the army, and greatly the same fortitude of character he beheld distinguished himself in the East Indies and the gradual approach of death with all the the Peninsula. He received public thanks calmness of a Stoic. The Magistrates of for his conduct in command of the 12th Leith had acknowledged some of his public Portuguese at Salamanca. At the battle services by the ominous compliment of a of the 28th of July 1813, he received a piece of ground in their churchyard, and it fatal wound, of which he died shortly after was the recreation of the last weeks of Mr at Vittoria. Christian, Mr Arnot's eldest Arnot's life to go every day to observe the daughter, married Dr Peter Reid, of Edinprogress made by the workmen in preparing burgh, who, on the death of his uncles, the this place for his own reception. It is related Boswells, became the representative of the that he even expressed considerable anxiety old Fife family-the elder line of the lest his demise should take place before the Boswells of Balmuto, who possessed that melancholy work should be completed. He property from about 1430 to 1722. Their died November 20th, 1786, when on the second son, Dr David Boswell Reid, dispoint of completing his 37th year; that age tinguished himself first as the introducer of so fatal to men of genius that it may almost practical classes on chemistry in Edinburgh, be styled their climacteric. He was in- and subsequently for the very efficient terred in the tomb fitted up by himself in system of ventilating large buildings he South Leith. Besides his historical and devised, which is in operation in the Houses local works, he had published, in 1777, a of Parliament, St George's Hall, Liverpool, fanciful metaphysical treatise, entitled and some of the Scottish prisons. Mr "Nothing," which was originally a paper Arnot's second daughter, Margaret, married read before a well-known debating club, an English gentleman of property of the

"I

name of Tyler. His third daughter, Lilias, married Asbury Dickins, Esq., long Secretary to the Senate of the United States of America. Both of these left several children. Mr Arnot's lineal ancestor, Peter Arnot, acquired Balcormo by marriage with an heiress of the Abercrombie family. Peter was the second son of Robert Arnot of Woodmylne, who fell at Flodden. Robert Arnot was a younger son of John Arnot of Arnot, whose family, which for nearly seven hundred years owned the lands on the east bank of Lochleven, is the original of the Scottish Arnots, as well as of some of the Arnots or Arnolds in England.

While a student at St Andrews he published a volume of poems-besides other literary productions-of which favourable notices were written by Professor Gillespie. Dr Arnot is chaplain of the Grand Lodge of Free Masons in Scotland. With the history and antiquities, the poetry and traditions of his native land, Dr Arnot is familiarly acquainted. He possesses a vast fund of general iuformation, and a fine taste in literature and natural philosophy, and we believe he is a member of several learned and scientific bodies.

ARNOTT, ARCHIBALD, M.D., of the 20th Regiment, was born about the year 1771, and entered the army in early life(he is alluded to in the family history of the Arnots)-and he was formerly conspicuously and creditably known as the medical attendant of Napoleon when dying at St Helena. Dr Arnott retired from active

ARNOT, NEIL, M.D., an eminent writer on physics, was born at Dysart in the year 1788. He was the author of several scientific works. He studied at Aberdeen, and gained the first prize of his class in 1801 at the Grammar School there; he then entered the University, where he obtained the de-service after a continuance in the army of gree of M.A. in 1806. In the same year he removed to London, and soon got the appointment of surgeon in the naval service of the East India Company. In 1811 he further pursued his professional studies under Sir Everard Home, surgeon of St George's Hospital, and afterwards settled as a medical practitioner in London, where he became distinguished as a lecturer. In 1827 he published his great work, Elements of Physics, or Natural Philosophy, General and Medical, explained in plain language." In 1838 he wrote an Essay on Warming and Ventilating," subjects to which he had devoted much attention. He is also known as the inventor of the "Arnot stove," the "Arnot ventilator," and the "water bed." Dr Arnot's "Elements of Physics" is one of the best written productions of its kind, and has been translated into nearly all the European languages. He died a few years ago, and his widow is at present living in Dysart.

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upwards of sixty years. He died at his residence in Dumfriesshire on the 6th July 1855, in his eighty-fourth year. During his long and active life he was for a few years attached to the 11th Dragoons, but for a much longer period he was with the 20th Foot, sharing the perils and exploits of that regiment on the Nile, in Calabria, Portugal, Spain, Holland, and earning a medal with clasps for Egypt, Maida, Vimiera, Corunna, Vittoria, the Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse. After the war Dr Arnott accompanied his regiment to St Helena and India. At St Helena he became the medical attendant of Napoleon Bonaparte. Arnott's professional ability, ingenuous character, and upright and dignified deportment as an officer and a gentleman, at once secured for him the confidence of the illustrious invalid, whose good opinion, strengthened by daily intercourse, ripened into warm attachment and sincere esteem. Shortly previous to his dissolution ARNOT, Rev. DAVID, D.D., minister the Emperor gave signal testimony of his of the High Church, Edinburgh, was born appreciation of Dr Arnott. Napoleon, as at Scoonie in Fife about the year 1799, and he lay on his death-bed, had a valuable gold is the son of a respectable farmer in that snuff-box brought to him, and with a dying parish, who afterwards_removed to another hand, and a last effort of departing strength, farm in the parish of Largo. He received he engraved upon its lid with a pen-knife the early part of his education at the parish the letter "N," and presented it to Arnott. school, and afterwards attended the Univer-The Emperor also bequeathed to Dr Arnott sity of St Andrews, where he went through 12,000 francs; and the British Government, the usual curriculum of classics and philo- to mark its approbation of his conduct, sophy followed at that ancient seminary. granted him £500 more. Napoleon expired Being originally designed for the Church of Scotland, he applied himself assiduously to the study of philosophy and divinity, and became a distinguished student. Having made great progress in theology and general literature, and being duly licensed as a preacher of the Gospel, he was appointed assistant to the minister of Ceres, from whence he went to Dundee and was settled there, but afterwards Mr Arnot was translated to the High Church of Edinburgh, where he still continues as minister of the first charge, the duties of which he discharges with much credit and acceptability.

with his right hand in that of Dr Arnott. Dr Arnott was almost the last survivor of those whose names will be handed down to posterity in connection with the last days of Napoleon. The Doctor's masculine and tenacious mind was richly stored with recollections and anecdotes of that momentous period; yet, with the exception of a clear and distinct "Account of the last Illness, Decease, and Post-Mortem Appearances of Napoleon Bonaparte," published in 1822, he could never be induced to write on the subject. Dr Arnott latterly retired to his estate of Kirkconnel Hall, and spent the evening of

ARN

FIFESHIRE BIOGRAPHY.

his days beneficially to the neighbourhood, and honourably to himself, both in the relations of life and in his public duties as a magistrate and heritor.

AUCHMUTY OF THAT ILK, an old Fifeshire family, formerly possessing lands in the parish of Newburn. The barony of Auchmoutie embraced the properties of Drumeldry and Lawhill. In 1600, Captain Auchmuty, a descendant of this ancient house, settled at Brianstown in Longford, Ireland, and that estate is still in the possession of his descendants. There are still one or two families of the name resident in Fife.

66

"terras These estates

a

terras de Kilgour," in 1504, and Dunmure in vicecomitatu de Fyfe," in 1507, de Glenduckie," in 1506. were at a subsequent period, by a new ARNOTT, Sir JOHN, is a native of Auch- charter from the Crown, called Aytoun, and termuchty, son of John Arnott, Esq., manu- the elder branch of the family denominated facturer there. His career has been one of of that Ilk. Captain Aytoun had three sons high prosperity. He served an apprentice- and seven daughters. His eldest son John ship with Mr James Russell, draper, Cupar, succeeded him in the estate of Aytoun, his on the completion of which he went to the second son Robert obtained the estate of famous Irish House of Cannock & White. Inchdairnie, and Andrew, his third son, Here his fine business capacity, correct and succeeded to the estate of Kinaldie. The careful habits, and untiring energy soon estate of Kinaldie, from an examination of brought him into notice, and he was adopted the charters, appears to have come into the as a partner by the firm. Since then he has possession of the Aytoun family about 1539, established numerous business firms in Eng-when there is mention of a John Aytoun, land, Ireland, and Scotland, and amassed a who, there is reason to believe, was He was succeeded by his son, large fortune. Sir John is of a very chari- younger brother of the Captain of Stirling table disposition. The Queen conferred on Castle. him the honour of knighthood in 1859. He Robert Aytoun, in 1547, who, dying proMargaret Stewart, was for several years Mayor of Cork, and bably without issue, left his estate to his was the most popular of any who have filled uncle's youngest son. the highest municipal office in that city the widow of Robert Aytoun of Kinaldie, for many years. He sat for some years in was married to John Winram, the celebrated Unlike sub-prior of St Andrews, and some curious Parliament as member for Kinsale. many gentlemen who rise to eminent posi- facts are mentioned in the Commissary Retions in the world he does not forget his cords of St Andrews regarding a dispute native place, as the poor of Auchtermuchty after her death, in March 1573, between Andrew Aytoun of Kinaldie, with his two well know. sons, John and Robert, and Winram, for succession to several of her gold trinkets, and some rents of her estate of the Manse of Kirkness, &c. (See "Act Buik of the Commissariat of St Andrews," p. 130.) Andrew Aytoun, the third son of the Captain or Governor of Stirling Castle, obtained the estate of Kinaldie about 1567. name is mentioned in the Matriculation He was the father of Register of the students of St Andrews university in 1539. David Aytoun, the AYTOUN, THE FAMILY OF. The Aytoun Sir Robert Aytoun. family in Scotland is sprung from the Nor- grandson of Andrew Aytoun of Kinaldie, man family of De Vescy in England, who distinguished himself, along with other two possessed the great barony of Sprouston in elders, as the prosecutors of Archdean GladNorthumberland, and of whom along thread stanes, before the Presbytery of St Andrews, of pedigree is given by Sir William Dugdale for drunkenness, and almost every other in his Baronetage of England. The family vice, which led to his deposition by the A handsome marble monument of De Vescy was of great antiquity, but celebrated General Assembly at Glasgow, the family name is now extinct. One of in 1638. was erected to the memory of David Aytoun the family much distinguished himself as one of the barons who compelled King John in the old church of Denino, which, howto grant the Magna Charta, for securing ever, was removed on the erection of the the lives and properties of the English sub-present church in 1825. The family of jects. His name is appended to the Magna Aytoun of Kinaldie was at one period one Charta. About the same time a younger son of the family, Gilbert de Vescy, came into Scotland, and received from King Robert I. the lands of Aytoun in the Merse, and changed his name, by royal authority, to the estate, as was the custom of the period. The Aytoun family continued in the Merse until the reign of James III., when a brother of the house of Home married the heiress, and carried the estate into that family. This lady's uncle, her father's younger brother, Andrew Aytoun, was Captain of Stirling Castle, and Sheriff of Elgin and Forres during the reign of James IV. To him the King gave by his charters, 'pro fideli et bono servitio, terras de Nether

18

His

of the best connected and extensive proprietors in the eastern district of Fifeshire. Besides the estate of Kinaldie, they possessed the estates of Kippo, Carhurlie, Hilary, Northquarter, Westside, Egtoun, Little Kilduncan, Lochton, Wilkiestoun, and Cookstoun, in the parish of Kingsbarns, with many other portions of land in various parts of the country. The estate of Kinaldie remained in the possession of the family, in a direct male line, for upwards of 200 years, until it was alienated from it by the will of the second last proprietor, John Aytoun, jun. All the family of this person seem to have died young save his eldest son, Capt. Alexander Aytoun, who succeeded him, but