In the province of Prehistoric Archæology, the Rev. Dr. Buick's very fully illustrated Paper on Irish Flint Arrow-heads (pp. 41-63) is one of special importance, affording the most complete and methodic system of arrangement of this class of objects which has yet been offered.

Mr. Day figures a Flint Spear-head (p. 176) found in Co. Clare, which is believed to be of a Danish type.

The remarkable Prehistoric Forts on the Aran Islands are described and illustrated in the account of the Excursion (pp. 250-278). Similar forts on the mainland of Clare are mentioned (p. 284). A good illustration of a well-poised Cromlech is furnished by Lord Annesley at p. 87. Mr. Wakeman continues his notes on the objects found in the mound at Old Connaught, Bray, Co. Dublin (p. 106).

The series of Papers in which Mr. Coffey seeks to establish his interesting theory of the derivation of the art motives of Prehistoric Ornament in Ireland from early Egyptian design, is continued (pp. 16-29, 195211). Connected with this subject, Dr. Frazer offers evidence that some of the "Cup-markings," considered to be prehistoric ornament, owe their existence to action of small crustacea (p. 64).

This Volume contains several Papers on a subject which, in recent years, has not received much attention in our Journal-the study of Ogham Inscriptions. The Right Rev. Dr. Graves affords a careful study of the newly-found Inscription at Gortatlea, Co. Kerry (p. 1). Professor Rhys relates an interesting excursion in quest of the few examples reported to exist in Ulster. Rev. E. Barry contributes an elaborate study of the Ogham

Inscriptions in Co. Kilkenny (p. 348), with new readings, arrived at after careful examination, which differ materially from some of those previously accepted.

Early Christian Architecture and Ornament is largely illustrated in the account of the visit to Aran (pp. 250-274) and the other western islands-Tory, Inismurray, and High Island. The Roscam Round

Tower is figured (p. 284).

Later Ecclesiastical Architecture and Antiquities are illustrated in Miss Hickson's description of the Franciscan House at Ardfert and its Tombs (pp. 30-40, 329-337). Accounts of Corcomroe Abbey, Clare Galway, St. Nicholas' Church, Galway, and the Religious Houses of Athenry are included in the description of the Summer Excursion (pp. 280-302). Mr. Westropp supplies a study of Ennis "Abbey" and its Tombs and Carvings (p. 135). Mr. Cullen has a Paper on the Churches of Wexford Town (p. 369); and the Cathedral and adjoining Priory at Ferns are described at p. 404. A Tombstone found in Kilkenny, read as commemorating a member of the Keteller family in the thirteenth century, forms the subject of Papers by Colonel Vigors and Mr. Egan (pp. 72-81). The Church of Glenogra, Co. Limerick, is illustrated on p. 378. Notice is directed to the Fresco-painting in the Church on Clare Island (p. 379). An Ecclesiastical Seal, used at Leighlin, is described and figured (p. 82).

The Mediæval Pavement Tiles found in Irish churches receive further attention from Dr. Frazer, who (p. 171-175) figures twenty-one additional patterns, making, in all, seventy-one patterns, which he has illustrated in the Journal. His Paper includes a bibliography of the subject.

The story of the great Anglo-Norman House of De Verdon is told by the Rev. Dr. Murphy (p. 317). The Genealogy of the Family of Fitz Gerald of Rostellan, traced by Mr. Fitz Gerald Uniacke, is printed (p. 163).

The study of more recent Antiquities is well illustrated in the continuation of Dr. Stokes' interesting Paper on the Antiquities from Kingstown to Dublin (pp. 5-15, 88-89). Rev. W. J. Latimer directs attention to a little used mine of material for social history of the 17th and 18th centuries in the Sessions-Books of Presbyterian Congregations (p. 130). Mr. Moore completes his Notes on the History of Navan (p. 155).

In the department of Folk-Lore, Mr. Mac Ritchie contributes a Paper written by the late Mr. Herbert Hore, which has come to his hands, on the Origin of Superstitions regarding Fairies and Banshees (p. 115). A note on Witchcraft in Aran should be noticed (p. 84); as, too, some Folk-Lore of Burren (p. 279); and the Cow Legend of Corofin (p. 227).

In Numismatics, Dr. Frazer contributes a Paper (p. 338) on the Coinage bearing the legend "Floreat Rex," and relates its probable origin, and its reappearance as a circulating medium in America.

Among Papers on special subjects may be noticed Rev. Mr. ffrench's account of an unusual type of early Spur found in Co. Wicklow (p. 202); an account and list of the Goldsmiths of Cork, by Mr. Woods (p. 218); and the description of a Wooden dug-out Canoe found near Lough Neagh, by Mr. Dugan (p. 224).

In conclusion, we believe that this Volume marks a distinct advance in our Society's work. We can point to some of its Papers which exhibit a thorough and

accurate study, or a more systematic marshalling of facts, which thus place the subjects treated of on a more sure basis than they have previously occupied. The visit of a number of our Members to out-of-the-way groups of antiquities is calculated also to bear good fruit. These visits stimulate the study of the origin, history, and art of the antiquities themselves; they encourage local interest in the remains; and by bringing them under outside observation, tend to protect them from some, at least, of the dangers to which unobserved antiquities are exposed.