IN SUM. In summa, in the summary.

L. Lege in such a law.

LI. or LIB. Libro, in the first or second book, &c.

NOV. Novella, in such a Novel.

PAR Paragrapho, in such a paragraph or article of the law, or of

a Title in the Institutes.

PR. or PRIN. Principium, the beginning of a Title or a law.

П. Pandectis, in the pandects.

Penult. The last but one.

Q QU or QUES Questione, in such a Question.

RU.or RUB. In such a Rubrick or Title. The Titles were called Rubricks, from their being formerly written in red letters.

SC. or SCIL. Scilicet, that is to say.

SOL. Solutio, the answer to an objection.
SUM. Summa, the summary of a law.

Paragrapho, in such a paragraph.

T. or TIT. Titulus, Titulo, Title.

T. or V. Versiculo, in such a verse, which is a part of a paragraph. ULT. Ultimo, Ultima, the last Title, Paragraph or Law.

APPENDIX III.

AUTHORS ON THE CIVIL LAW.

1st. Such as treat on the law previous to Justinian.
2dly. Such as treat historically on the Roman law generally.
3dly. The principal editions of the Corpus Juris Civilis.
4thly. Commentators on the Corpus Juris Civilis.
5thly. Compilations on the civil law.

FIRST. Historical treatises on the Leges Regiæ, Jus Papirianum, Duodecim Tabule, and the laws and collections intervening between them and Justinian.

Franciscus Balduinus. Libri duo in leges Romuli et duodecim tabularum. The third edition is the best. Basil. 1559. 8vo.

Pardulphus Prateius. Jurisprudentia vetus: sive Draconis et Solonis, nec non Romuli Romanorum regis, ac 12 tabularum leges collectæ interpretatæque Leyden. 1557.

7. Gothofred. Quatuor fontes juris civilis: sive leges 12 tabularum, cum earundem historia, &c. Legis Julie et Papie fragmenta: edictum perpetuum : librorum Sabiniorum ordo et series. Genev. 1653.

410.

Rosinus also mentions several of the leges regiæ as inserted by Paulus Manutius. Rosinus himself gives a very brief and abridged

account of the history of the Roman law from Pomponius, which ia orta perusal Rosini Antiq Rom. quto. Amstelod. 1685. p. 554. Oath subject of the laws of the twelve tables in particular, he refers to the coll:cuons and comments of Julius Pacius, Antonius Augusturis. Joannes Videudorpius, Joannes Crispinus, Antonius Contius, Fr. Hotomamus, Dionysius Gothofredus, Stephanus Pighius, Fr. Batamas, Hadrianus Turnebus, Ludovicus Charondas, Justus Lipslus, and Theodorus Marcilius: ot whora but few are noted by Camus in his Lettres sur la Profession D'Ayogat, Paris, 1776.

The edition of J. Gothofred, in the book above cited, Quatuor fontes, &c. is in the most esteem.

Autores et fragmenta veterum jurisconsultorum, de origine et progr. ssu juris romani, cum notis Arnoldi Vinnii et variorum. Ex edit. Sim. Van Leewen, Leyden, 1671. Jena, 1697 8vo.

Jurisprudentia vetus ante Justinianea. Ex recens. et cum not. Schultingii. Leyden, 1717. Leipsic, 1737. qto. This comprehends the fragments of Gaius, Paulus, Ulpian, and other jurisconsults preceding Justinian.

7 Gothofredus. Codex Theodosianus, cum amplissimo commentario, studio Antonii Marvilii Leyden, 1665. 6 vol fol.

SECONDLY. Historical treatises on Roman Jurisprudence generally. 7. Gothofredi. Manuale juris 12mo. Several editions.

fo. Vin Gravina. Origines juris civilis, seu de ortu et progressu juris civilis. With the annotations of Mascou. Leipsic, 1737. qto.

Ven. 179 to 4.

Hen. Chr. Hausotter. Historia legum romanarum. Leipsic.

1758. 8vo.

Jo. Goth. Heineccuus. Antiquitatum romanarum jurisprudentiam illustrantium Syntagma. This is comprehended in the Geneva edition of his works in 8 vols. quo. 1743 and 1748. But there are also several separate editions; the best at Strasburg (Argentor.) in 1734, 1741 and in 2 vol. 8vo. 1755.

Ejusdem historia juris civilis, 8vo. the best edition is Ritter's, published at Sirisburgh This and the preceding treatise form the fourth volume of his works, in quo.

Burenard Gotthelf Struvius. Historia juris romani, 4to. Jena, 1718. fo. Fr. Eisenhardt. Historia juris literaria. 8vo. Helmstadt. 1752. 1763.

7. Donatii. Historia juris civilis romanorum. Paris, 1678. 12mo. Spanheim. Orbis Bomanus.

Thomasius. Delineatio historie juris Romani et Germanici. Erfurt. 8vo. 1750. Novorum jurisprudentiæ romanæ, lib. duo. Hal, Magd. 1707.

Brunpells. Historia juris Romano-Germanici. 8vo. Amstel 1730. Gravina, Heineccius, Struvius and Brunquellus, may be considered as the best of this class of writers.

Histoire du droit romain par Claude Joseph de Ferriere. 12mo. Paris, 1718. This is taken chiefly from Gravina, Dr. Beaver has

translated it, and added Duck's treatise de usu et auctoritate juris civilis.

Ant. Terasson. Histoire de la Jurisprudence Romaine. Paris, 1750. in folio. Compiled at the direction of Chancellor D'Aguessau. A work, says Mr. Gibbon, of more promise than performance. It contains however a curious and interesting collection of ancient documents and fragments.

Dr. Beaver's history of the legal polity of the Roman state. 4to.

1781.

Dr. Taylor's elements of the civil law 4to. 1755. There is an anonymous abridgement of this desultory but very interesting book, by the Rev. Mr. Ellis, with a preface on the nature of moral obliga

tion.

Bouchaud's Recherches historiques sur les edits des Magistrats Romains in tom. 41. page 1. of the Memoires de l'Academie Francoise." THIRDLY. The principal editions of the Corpus juris civilis. Corpus juris civilis cum glossis. Genev. 1614. 4 vol. qto.

Idem cum notis D. Gothofredi. Paris. Vitray. 1628. 2 vol. fol. This is the edition I have employed.

Idem Daniel Elzevir. 1664. 2 vol. 8vo. Amst.

Idem. Elzevir et Bleau, 1681 1700. 2 vol. 8vo.

Corpus juris civilis academicum. Col. Mun. 1759. 1 vol. qto.

The editions of the Institutes, are too numerous to catalogue. There are also about a dozen editions of the Paraphrase of the Institutes, by Theophilus, in Greek and Latin, and in Latin.

FOURTHLY. Commentators on the Corpus juris, or particular parts of it.

These may be reduced to the works of Cujacius, Vinnius, Voetius, Noodt, and Boehmer. Harris quotes Joachim Mysinger frequently. I am not acquainted with any work of Mysinger's but his commentary on the title, de fide instrumentorum lib. 2 decretalium, Helinst. 1582, in fol. and Marp. 1602. 8vo. I have found the brief notes of D. Gothofred to his edition of the Corpus Juris civilis, worth attention.

FIFTHLY Compilations on the civil law.

I possess a great number of them, but I know of few worth noticing, except the following.

Cujacii Paratitla in pandectas et Codicem : of which there are about eight editions in 12mo. and 8vo. separate from the general collection of his works.

Heineccii Elementa juris secundum ordinem Institutionum.

Idem secundum ordineın Pandectarum.

Of these there are several editions in 8vo. and 12mo. separate from his works.

Barriga de Montvallon.

Paris 1756.

Epitome juris et legum Romanorum. 8vo.

Claude Jos de Ferriere. Nova et methodica juris civilis tractatio. 2yol. 12mo. Paris. The last of four editions is in 1734

Ferriere. La Jurisprudence du Code de Justinian,

du Digest.

des Novelles.

}

1688. 6vol. in qto.

I have freely used the Nouvelle traduction des Institutes de l'Empi reur Justinian of the same author, with notes, in 6 vol. 8vo. Paris. 1787. Pothier's Pandecta Justinianæ. 3 v. fol. 1748.

fean Domat. Les Loix civiles dans leur ordre naturel. 5 vol. 8vo. and with a supplement by D'Hericourt in 2 vol. fol. Paris, 1724.

This has been edited in English by Strahan; and is the book generally used in England on this subject; though Wood's institutes of the civil law (fol.) is a very ufeful digest upon the whole.

Ayloffe's Pandect of the Roman civil law, fol. 1734, is a work not defcient in learning, but too desultory and short.

Inconvenient brevity, also renders the following works of less value than they might be, though they are not destitute of merit.

Schomberg's Elements of the Roman Law. 8vo. 1780.

Dr. Halifax's Analysis of the civil law, a pamphlet 1775.

Dr. Arthur Brown's Elements of the civil and Admiralty law: Dublin, and London, 1802, is commonly used among the bar in this Country, and therefore I have purposely omitted many observations, that may be found also in that book; which though far too brief, deserves to be popular.

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.

Page 42. Insert, as a title to the second section of tit. 15., Quis dicatur intestatus. N. B. The titles to the several sections being arbitrary, differ in different editions: and sometimes the sections themselves are differently divided. But there is a sufficient similarity in general to lead to the same passage in all the editions. I follow Harris in this respect. Page 99. Insert, as a title to section 8, Quando conjunguntur tempora. Page 188. For hæreditatis, read hæreditas.

Page 409, line the last. Cambaceres. I was mistaken in ascribing the Code Napoleon to Cambaceres. Mr. Du Ponceau has enabled me to correct this mistake. The authors or redacteurs of the Code civil Napoleon, were Portalis, Tronchet, Bigot-Preameneu, and Maleville, as appears by the Discours Preliminaire to the "Projet de Code civil," pre-" sented by those gentlemen as a committee appointed by government on the 24th Thermidor, year 8, and published the year after. Cambaceres indeed reported a project of a code civil to the convention some years before, which, although Portalis and the others praise sufficiently, they adopt sparingly. Cambaceres was consul in the year 9.

Page 462. By the civil law goods sold and delivered might be reclaimed, if not duly paid for. Quod vendidi non aliter fit accipientis quam si aut pretium nobis solutum sit, aut satis eo nomine datum, vel etiam fidem habuerimus emptori sine ulla satisfactione. Dig. 18. 1. 19. Dig. 18. 1. 53. Dig. 19. 1. 13. 8. and 14. 4. 5. 18. It is with this modification that the civil law doctrine is to be understood, that the obligation of the contract emptio venditio arises not from the delivery of the goods to the vendee, but upon the mutual consent of the parties, the one to sell and the other to buy. Ut primum de re et pretio convenit, Emptio perfecta intelligitur, quamvis nec res traditur, nec pretium numeratum, nec arrha data sit. Atque in contractibus qui consensu perficiuntur, distinguenda perfectio contractús, à consummatione sive implemento. Emptionein et venditionem perficit solus consensus de re et pretio; consummat rei traditio et pretii numeratio, qui extremus est contrahentium finis." Simulatque autem emptio perfecta est, nascitur utrinque obligatio, teneturque emptor actione ex vendito ut, nummos quos pretii nomine pro re vendita promisit, solvat: venditor actione exempto, ut rem venditam tradat emptori. Vinn. 1. 3. tit. 24. To this general doctrine, an exception was allowed in cases where earnest was given: in those cases, if the buyer repented, he forfeited his earnest money, and was free from the contract; if the seller repented, he forfeited the earnest money paid, and as much more. See also Inst. 2. 1. 4.

Formerly, by the general law of France, the seller might seize the thing sold, and not paid for, if he could find it in the possession of the buyer, and need not have shared it with the other creditors: and in some places of France, the seller might even pursue the article in pos