tium successione meritò repellen- dren, or to require a new tutor in the § I. Sed, cum ex hoc senatus- 1. But, since grand-sons and consulto nepotes et neptes ad aviæ grand-daughters were not called by successionem legitimo jure non vo- the senatus-consultum to the legi Garentur, postea hoc constitutionibus principalibus emendatum est, ut, ad similitudinem filiorum filiarumque, et nepotes et neptes vocentur. De capitis II. Sciendum autem est, hu jusmodi successiones, quæ ex Tertylliano et Orficiano senatus-consultis deferuntur, capitis diminutione non perimi, propter illam re gulam, qua novæ hæreditates legitimæ capitis diminutione non pereunt; sed illæ solæ, quæ ex lege duodecim tabularum deferuntur. De vulgo § III. Novissimè sciendum est, etiam illos liberos, qui vulgò quæsiti sunt, ad matris hæreditatem ex senatus-consulto admitti. timate succession of their grand-mother, the omission was afterwards supplied, by the imperial constitutions; so that grand-sons and granddaughters were called to inherit, as well as sons and daughters. diminutione. § 2. But it must be observed, that those successions, which proceed from the Tertyllian and Orfician senatus consulta, are not extinguished by diminution. For it is an established rule, that legitimate inheritances of late creation, are not destroyed by diminution; which affects those only that are founded on the law of the twelve tables. quæsitis, § 3. It is lastly to be noted, that even spurious children are admitted by the Orfician senatus-consultum to the inheritance of their mother. De jure accrescendi inter legitimos hæredes. VI. Si ex pluribus legitimis hæredibus quidam omiserint hæreditatem, vel morte, vel aliâ causa, impediti fuerint, quominus adeant, reliquis, qui adierint, accrescit illorum portio; et, licèt ante decesserint, ad hæredes tamen eorum pertinet. § 4. When there are many legiti mate (legal) heirs, and some renounce the inheritance, or are prevented by death, or any other cause, then the portions of such persons fall by right of accretion to those, who accept the inheritance: and, althougli the acceptors happen to die even before the refusal or the failure of their coheirs, yet the portions of such coheirs, will appertain to the heirs of the acceptors. L TITULUS QUINTUS. DE SUCCESSIONE COGNATORUM. Tertius ordo succedentium ab intestato. 1 POST suos hæredes, eosque, quos inter suos hæredes pr tor et constitutiones vocant, et post legitimos, (quorum numero sunt agnati, et hi, quos in locum agnatorum tam supradicta senatus-consulta, quam nostra erexit constitutio,) proximos cognatos prætor vocat. Qui vocantur in hoc ordine. § I. Quà parte naturalis cognatio spectatur. Nam agnati capite diminuti, quique ex his progeniti sunt, ex lege duodecim tabularum inter legitimos non habentur, sed à prætore tertio ordine vocantur; exceptis solis tantummodò fratre et sorore emancipatis non etiam liberis eorum; quos lex Anastasiana cum fratribus integri juris constitutis vocat quidem ad legitimam fratris hæreditatem, sivè sororis; non æquis tamen partibus sed cum aliquâ diminutione, quam facilè est ex ipsius constitutionis verbis intelligere. Aliis vero agnatis inferioris gradus, licèt capitis diminutionem passi non sunt, tamen anteponit eos, et procul dubio cognatis. After the proper heirs and those, whom the prætor and the constitutions call to inherit with the proper heirs, and after the legitimate heirs (among whom are the agnati, and those, whom the above mentioned senatus-consulta and our constitution have numbered with the agnati) the prætor calls the nearest cognates. : De agnatis capite minutis. § 1. By the law of the twelve tables, neither the agnates, who have suffered diminution, nor their issue, are esteemed legitimate heirs; but they are called by the prætor in the third order of succes ion but we must except a brother and sister, (although) emancipated, but not their children; for the constitution of Anastasius calls an emancipated brother or sister to the succession of a brother or sister, together with those, who having not been emancicipated, are integri juris: but it does not call them to an equal share of the succession, as may easily be collected from the words of the constitution: which prefers an emancipated brother or sister to other agnates of inferior degree, although unemancipated; and consequently to all cognates. De conjunctis per fœminas. § II. Eos etiam, qui per fœmini- § 2. Collateral relations by the fes male line, are called by the prætor in the third order of succession, according to their proximity. ni sexûs personas ex transverso cognatione junguntur, tertio gradu proximitatis nomine, prætor ad suc cessionem vocat. De liberis datis in adoptionem. § III. Liberi quoque, qui in adoptivâ familiâ sunt, ad naturalium parentum hæreditatem hoc eodem gradu vocantur. De vulgo § IV. Vulgò quæsitos nullos haBere agnatos, manifestum est; cum agnatio à patre sit, cognatio à matre : hi autem nullum patrem habere intelligantur. Eâdem ratione, ne inter se quidem possunt videri consanguinei esse ; quia consanguinitatis jus, species est agnationis. Tantùm ergò cognati sunt sibi, sicut et matri cognati sunt. Itaque omnibus istis ex eâ parte competit bonorum possessio, quâ proximitatis nomine cognati vocantur. 3. Children, who are in an adoptive family, are likewise called in the third order of succession to the inheritance of their natural pa rents. quæsitis. 4. It is manifest, that spurious children have no agnates; inasmuch as agnation proceeds from the father, cognation from the mother and such children are looked upon as having no father. And, for the same reason, consanguinity cannot be said to subsist between the bastard children of the same woman ; because consanguinity is a species of agnation. They can therefore only be allied to each other as they are related to their mother, that is, by cognation; and it is for this reason that all such children are called to the possession of goods by that part of the prætorian edict, by which cog nates are called by the right of their proximity. Ex quoto gradu vel agnati vel cognati succedunt. V. Hoc loco et illud necessariò admonendi sumus agnationis quidem jure admitti aliquem ad hæreditatem, etsi decimo gradu sit; sivè de lege duodecim tabularum 5. Here it will be proper to observe, that any person by right of agnation may be admitted to inherit, although he be in the tenth degree; this is allowed both by the law FF HOC loco necessarium est exponere, quemadmodum gradus cognationis numerentur. Quare in primis admonendi sumus, cognationem aliam supra numerari, aliam infra, aliam ex transverso, quæ etiam à latere dicitur. Superior cognatio est parentum: inferior liberorum ex trahsverso fratrum sororumve, et eorum, qui quæve ex his generantur; et convenientèr patrui, amite, avunculi, materteræ. superior quidem et inferior cognatio à primo gradu incipit; at ea, quæ ex transverso numeratur, à secundo. Et It is here necessary to explain how degrees of cognation are to be computed; and first we must observe, that there is one species of cognation which relates to ascendants, another to descendants, and a third to collaterals. The first and superior cognation is that relation, which a man bears to his parents; the second, or` inferior, is that, which he bears to his children; the third is that relation which he bears to his brothers and sisters, and their issue; and also to his uncles and aunts, whether paternal or maternal. The superior and inferior cognation commence at the first degree; but the transverse or collateral cognation commences at the second. |