licences should be regulated by the number of principal towns; each of which was to have one trader. All criminal cases were to be tried by the laws of England, and the offences punished accordingly fugitives were in all cases to be delivered up, and a reward fixed for apprehending runaway slaves. This treaty was signed by Oglethorpe on the part of the king of England, and by Tomochichi and the other chiefs and head men on the part of the Creek nation; it was transmitted to the trustees and formally ratified on the 18th of October, 1733. The reservation of the islands and tract of land mentioned in this treaty, occasioned a dispute which had well nigh cost the effusion of all the human blood the colony contained, and produced the most tedious and expensive suit at law, which has ever been litigated in America. Having however determined to connect dates rather than circumstances, this subject will be particularly noticed in its proper place. It was obligatory on the trustees to exhibit an account annually on the 9th of June, to the lord chancellor and other persons named in the charter, of their procedure; by which it appears that the number of persons sent over on the charity of the trustees the first year, amounted to one hundred and fifty-two, of whom sixty-one were males capable of bearing arms. The lands granted in trust this year to poor people, amounted to five thousand acres; and to persons coming at their own expense, four thousand four hundred and sixty. The money received from private contributions, amounted to three thousand seven hundred and twenty-three pounds thirteen shil. lings and seven pence; of which the trustees expended for the benefit of the colony, two thousand two hundred and fifty-four pounds seventeen shillings and nine-pence; exhibiting an account of it to the lord chancellor and to the lord chief justice of common pleas, pursuant to their charter, and carrying the remainder into their succeeding account. In the mean time the people were employed at Savannah in palisading the town and building houses. A public garden was laid off to the eastward of the town, which was designed as a nursery to supply the people with mulberry trees, vines, oranges, olives and other necessary plants. The gardener who had the care of it was employed and paid by the trustees. A crane was made for landing goods upon the bluff, from which there is a commanding view of the river a considerable distance below the town. On the east end of Tybee island, at the entrance of the river, a beacon was erected ninety feet high. Fort Argyle was built at the narrow passage on the Ogechee above the mouth of Canouchee, to protect the settlement against an inland invasion from Augustine. A kind of manchecolas or stockade fort was built at Skidaway narrows, and garrisoned by a detachment of captain Noble Jones's marines from Wormsloe: an avenue from this fort was opened to Mr. Whitefield's orphan house, which was built soon after under the direction of Mr. James Habersham. The British parliament foreseeing the necessity of strengthening the new colony, as a security to those farther north, ordered the sale of some lands at St. Christophers, and applied ten thousand pounds to encourage the settlement ; and in September and October 1733, the trustees sent over two embarkations, amounting to three hundred and forty-one persons, principally persecu. ted protestants from Saltzburgh in Germany. Some very pleasing accounts of the country and settlement were sent over by some of the people to their friends in England, and the trustees were informed that some persons had made offers in Great-Britain of money and lands, in the name of the trustees, without their knowledge or authority; giving an extravagant description of the country; enticing laborers to leave profitable employments and pleasant situations, and embark in an untried scheme, where they might be disappointed and perhaps ruined: the trustees disavowed the authority which had been assumed in making such offers, or holding out any particular inducements to increase the population of the colony, at the expense of truth; and directed these sentiments to be published in the English news-papers, which was accordingly done. In 1733, a pamphlet appeared in London, entitled, "A new and accurate account of the provinces of South-Carolina and Georgia " The author did not think fit to favor the public with his name; but as it was circulated very generally through the kingdom, uncontradicted; asserting its origin from the best authorities, and pretending an intimate acquaintance with the measures and designs of the trustees; this high drawn picture received general credit. After an high encomium upon the trustees, the writer says "The air of Georgia is healthy, being always serene and pleasant, never subject to excessive heat or cold, or sudden changes of weather; the winter is regular and short, and the summer cooled by refreshing breezes it neither feels the cutting north-west wind that the Virginians complain of, nor the intense heats of Spain, Barbary, Italy and Egypt. The soil will produce any thing with very little culture: all sorts of corn yield an amazing increase; one hundred fold is the com. mon estimate, though the husbandry is so slight, that they can only be said to scratch the earth, and merely cover the seed. All the best sort of cattle and fowls are multiplied without number, and therefore without price. Vines are natives here; the woods near Savannah are easily cleared; many of them have no underwood, and the trees do not stand generally thick on the ground, but at considerable distances asunder. When you fall the timber to make tar, or for any other use, the roots will rot in four or five years, and in the G mean time you may pasture the ground; but if you would only destroy the timber, it is done by half a dozen strokes of an axe, surrounding each tree a little above the root; in a year or two the water getting into the wound, rots the timber, and a brisk gust of wind fells many acres for you in an hour; of which you may make one bright bon-fire. Such will be frequently here the fate of the pine, the walnut, the cyprus, the oak and the cedar. Such an air and soil can only be described by a poetical pen, because there is no danger of exceeding the truth; therefore take Wallers description of an island in the neighborhood of Carolina, to give you an idea of this happy climate." "The spring which but salutes us here, "The Indians bring many a mile the whole of a deer's flesh, which they sell to the people who live in the country, for the value of six pence sterling; and a wild turkey of forty pounds weight, for the value of two-pence." The author when recommending the Georgia adventure to gentlemen embarrassed in their pecuniary circumstances, who must labor at home or do worse, states the following objections :-" If people cannot get |