BiogeographyBiogeography, Second Edition combines ecological and historical perspectives to show how contemporary environments, earth history, and evolutionary processes have shaped the distributions of species and the patterns of biodiversity. It illustrates general patterns and processes using examples from different groups of plants and animals from diverse habitats and geographic regions. Written primarily for use in undergraduate and graduate courses in plant and/or animal geography, the book serves as a general synthesis and reference as well. |
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Page 269
... Area cladogram Taxon 1 2 3 Region A Dispersal hypothesis A B B A Vicariance hypothesis A + B + C A B B + C Figure 9.9 Figure 9.9 shows a hypothetical example . Three taxa are distributed in three disjunct areas . The arrangement of the ...
... Area cladogram Taxon 1 2 3 Region A Dispersal hypothesis A B B A Vicariance hypothesis A + B + C A B B + C Figure 9.9 Figure 9.9 shows a hypothetical example . Three taxa are distributed in three disjunct areas . The arrangement of the ...
Page 270
... area and have not experienced extinction in those areas , exhibit similar area cladograms . Of course , there is some probability that area cla- dograms will or will not be congruent by chance alone . However , these probabilities can ...
... area and have not experienced extinction in those areas , exhibit similar area cladograms . Of course , there is some probability that area cla- dograms will or will not be congruent by chance alone . However , these probabilities can ...
Page 443
... area sampled is so small that some of the rarest species in the commu- nity are not observed . It is just this effect that produces the species - area curve . As progres- sively larger areas of the same kind of habitat are sampled , one ...
... area sampled is so small that some of the rarest species in the commu- nity are not observed . It is just this effect that produces the species - area curve . As progres- sively larger areas of the same kind of habitat are sampled , one ...
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Common terms and phrases
adapted adaptive radiation Africa angiosperms animals aquatic areas Australasia Australia barriers biogeographic biotas biotic Cenozoic changes Chapter cies cladistic cladogram climate colonization communities competition continental continental drift continents Cretaceous desert disjunctions distributions drift eastern ecological elevation endemic environment Eocene Eurasia evolution evolutionary example extinction families fauna Figure fishes forms fossil record freshwater genera geographic ranges geologic Gondwanaland groups Guinea habitats inhabiting insects insular interactions isolated lakes land bridge landmasses latitudes limited living long-distance dispersal MacArthur Madagascar mainland major mammals marine Mesozoic migration million years BP mountain Neotropics niches North Northern Hemisphere number of species occur oceanic islands organisms origin Pacific Paleocene patterns phylogenetic plants plate Pleistocene polyploidy populations predators present radiation rain forest reconstructions regions relationships relatively Simberloff similar soil South America southern speciation species richness taxa taxon taxonomic temperate temperature terrestrial tion tropical vegetation vicariance World zone