Laudibus arguitur vini vinosus Homerus ;
Ennius ipse pater nunquam nisi potus ad arma
Prosiluit dicenda. Forum Putealque Libonis
Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis:
Hoc simul edixi, non cessavere poëtæ
Nocturno certare mero, putere diurno.
Quid, si quis vultu torvo ferus et pede nudo
Exiguæque togæ simulet textore Catonem,
Virtutemne repræsentet moresque Catonis ?
Rupit Iarbitam Timagenis æmula lingua,
Dum studet urbanus tenditque disertus haberi.
Decipit exemplar vitiis imitabile; quod si
Pallerem casu, biberent exsangue cuminum.
O imitatores, servum pecus, ut mihi sæpe
Bilem, sæpe jocum vestri movere tumultus!
Libera per vacuum posui vestigia princeps,
Non aliena meo pressi pede. Qui sibi fidit,
Dux regit examen. Parios ego primus iambos
Ostendi Latio, numeros animosque secutus
Archilochi, non res et agentia verba Lycamben.
Ac ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes,

8. Puteal. See Sat. II. vi. 35. (Cp. Ars P. 471., 'bidental.") It was the resort of money changers : Qui Puteal, Janumque timet, celeresque Calendas.

10

15

20

25

some of the bursting of a bloodvessel, followed by death. It may be more naturally taken in the same sense as rumperis, Sat. L. iii. 136., and Cicero's dirupi me pæne,' Ad Fam. vii. 1. (quoted by Orelli), or of bursting with jealousy,' as in VirAl.gil's line. (Cp. Cic. ad F. xii. 2., plausu dirumpitur.')

Ov. R. Am. 561. (See Map of Rome, p. 41.) 10. edixi. Cp. vv. 18, 19. 'edixit,' sc. Ennius.

11. certare mero. Carm. Iv. i. 31. Timagenis. The gen. case is go15. Iarbitam. A name (or nick-verned by æmula, i. e. his rivalry name) denoting one of Moorish de- of Timagenes.'

scent; as if from the Iarbas of Virg. 18. exsangue, making bloodless,' En. iv. 196. The Scholiast gives i. e. pale. (For instances of this Cordus as the real name of the transitive usage in adjectives, see person intended; and this is conjec-note on Carm. II. ix. 3.) Cp. 'palturally identified with the Codrus of lentis grana cumini,' Pers. S. v. 55. Virgil: invidiâ rumpantur ut ilia 21. princeps. Carm. III. xxx. 13.; Codro.'-Ecl. vii. 26. IV. ix. 3. Rupit. This is understood by

25. Lycamben. Epod. vi. 13.

Quod timui mutare modos et carminis artem:
Temperat Archilochi Musam pede mascula Sappho,
Temperat Alcæus, sed rebus et ordine dispar,
Nec socerem quærit, quem versibus oblinat atris,
Nec sponsæ laqueum famosa carmine nectit.
Hunc ego non alio dictum prius ore Latinus
Vulgavi fidicen; juvat immemorata ferentem
Ingenuis oculisque legi manibusque teneri.
Scire velis, mea cur ingratus opuscula lector

30

35

Laudet ametque domi, premat extra limen iniquus?
Non ego ventosæ plebis suffragia venor

Impensis cœnarum et tritæ munere vestis ;
Non ego, nobilium scriptorum auditor et ultor,
Grammaticas ambire tribus et pulpita dignor:
Hinc illæ lacrimæ. Spissis indigna theatris
Scripta pudet recitare et nugis addere pondus,
Si dixi: Rides, ait, et Jovis auribus ista
Servas; fidis enim manare poëtica mella

40

Te solum, tibi pulcher. Ad hæc ego naribus uti
Formido et, luctantis acuto ne secer ungui,

45

Semper ego auditor tantum ? numquamne reponam ?

28. i. e. the later poets, Sappho | pune, Ep. 11. ii. 105., and Juv. i. 1.: and Alcæus, retained the metre of Archilochus, though applying it to other subjects, and with a different order or form of verse.

Orell. cp. Cic. pro Cluent. 51. (141.) A pro41. Hinc ille lacrimæ.

34. Ingenuis. Cp. Sat. I. x. 76., and the enumeration there, vv. 81-verb. Ter. And. 1. i. 99. 42. nugis ad. pondus. Cp. Pers. v. 19.:

87. Compare Milton's

"fit audience find though few."
P. L. vii. 31.

37. non ego. i.e.' I flatter neither plebs nor nobiles.'

ventosæ. Cp. Cic. ad Fam. ii. 6.: 'ventorum (i. e. the fickle elements) quos proposui moderator . . .' suffragia. Ep. II. ii. 103.

38. Impensis. Ars P. 420, sqq. Cp. Pers. i. 53.

39. ultor. i. e. 'revenging myself by reciting in my turn.' Cp. im

bullatis ut mihi nugis Pagina turgescat dare pondus idonea

fumo.

Displicet iste locus, clamo, et diludia posco.
Ludus enim genuit trepidum certamen et iram,
Ira truces inimicitias et funebre bellum.

EPISTOLA XX.

AD LIBRUM SUUM.

VERTUMNUM Janumque, liber, spectare videris,
Scilicet ut prostes Sosiorum pumice mundus.
Odisti claves et grata sigilla pudico;
Paucis ostendi gemis et communia laudas,

Non ita nutritus. Fuge, quo descendere gestis.
Non erit emisso reditus tibi. Quid miser egi?
Quid volui? dices, ubi quis te læserit; et scis
In breve te cogi, cum plenus languet amator.
Quod si non odio peccantis desipit augur,
Carus eris Romæ, donec te deserat ætas ;
Contrectatus ubi manibus sordescere vulgi
Cœperis, aut tineas pasces taciturnus inertes,
Aut fugies Uticam aut vinctus mitteris Ilerdam.
Ridebit monitor non exauditus, ut ille,
Qui male parentem in rupes protrusit asellum
Iratus quis enim invitum servare laboret ?

Hoc quoque te manet, ut pueros elementa docentem
Occupet extremis in vicis balba senectus.

Cum tibi sol tepidus plures admoverit aures,

EP. XX.

1. Cp. Ov. Trist. 1. 1. sqq.:
Parve, nec invideo, sine me, liber,
ibis in urbem.

Vertumnum Janumque. i. e. one of the bookselling vicinities.

2. ut prostes, that you may be exposed for sale.'

Sosiorum. The booksellers. Ars

5

10

15

4. Paucis ostendi. See above, on Ep. xix. 34.

7. quis. Al. quid.
13. Carm. II. xx. 19.:

me peritus discet Iber.
16. Ars P. 467.

19. i. e. 'When the evening sun has collected an audience for you.' It is implied that evening was the time for poetic readings. Orelli com

168 Q. HORATII FLACCI EPISTOLARUM

LIB. I. 20.

Me libertino natum patre et in tenui re
Majores pennas nido extendisse loqueris,
Ut, quantum generi demas, virtutibus addas:
Me primis Urbis belli placuisse domique ;
Corporis exigui, præcanum, solibus aptum,
Irasci celerem, tamen ut placabilis essem.
Forte meum si quis te percontabitur ævum,
Me quater undenos sciat implevisse Decembres,
Collegam Lepidum quo duxit Lollius anno.

20. Sat. 1. vi. 6. 45, 46.

23. Sat. II. i. 76.; Ep. 1. xvii. 35.

24. exigui. Sat. II. iii. 309.
solibus aptum. i. e. 'chilly.'

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25

Q. HORATII FLACCI EPISTOLARUM

LIBER SECUNDUS.

THE opening address is to Augustus, who is said by Suetonius to have complained that he was not mentioned in the Satires.

He is classed with heroes, benefactors of antiquity, and contrasted with them in having his merits rightly judged and in receiving homage due, even in his lifetime. This introduces the proper subject of the epistle, in which complaint is made of the unreasoning eulogies passed on ancient poets, and of the neglect of cotemporary and modern authors (v. 21. sqq.)

These old favourites are enumerated, and the fashionable opinion of them severally is cited (vv. 50-62.); the depreciation of the new generation is reasoned on and traced to jealousy (vv. 63-89.).

The love of novelty is then examined as a principle (vv. 90-113.); the turn it has taken at Rome in favour of literary habits is described; its harmlessness (v. 119. sqq.), and its services to education (vv. 126-130.), and to religion (vv. 132-138.), are set forth, and then an outline of the rise of satiric and scenic composition (v. 139. sqq.).

Next in scanning the defects of Roman authorship, these are traced not to a want of spirit or invention, but