THE REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA. DEVOTED TO THE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KIND OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE That the legislature of New Jersey, by an act passed December 30th, 1824, incorporated a company, who are authorised to make a canal from the Delaware to the Raritan, and to supply the canal with water from the river Delaware, by means of a navigable feeder, not to be less than 30 feet wide and 4 feet deep, to be located near the bank of the Delaware, and to be about 25 miles in length; provided that the consent of the legislature of Pennsylvania should be previously obtained. An application is now formally made by the Governor of the state of New Jersey, for the concurrence of Pennsylvania, in the proposed plan of improvement. The committee deem it superfluous to dilate upon the general utility of canal navigation, as a salutary spirit in its favour now pervades every portion of the country; nor do they conceive it necessary to seek for convincing arguments, to show that a canal from the tide of the Delaware, to the tide of the Raritan, deserves the countenance of Pennsylvania. It is universally conceded that its completion is demanded by a liberal and enlightened policy. It will be "a great national artery," forming an important section of an interior water communication, destined to be the greatest on the globe, as it will extend from Maine to Florida, and penetrate to the shores of the western and northern lakes, and before the lapse of many years, through the heart of Pennsylvania to the Ohio, and from thence to the Mississippi, and the Gulf of Mexico. The wisdom of the legislature of our sister state, who has the sovereignty of the soil over which the canal will pass, has decided upon the practicability, and prescribed the manner of its construction: but as a part of the Delaware is required for a supply of water, and as this river is subject, in part, to the jurisdiction of Pennsylvania, and the free use of all its waters, is of high importance to her best interests, it becomes the duty of the legislature to consider the project in all its bearings; and the chief point appears to be, the extent to which the navigation may be injured, and whether the advantages which are likely to accrue to our own state and to the nation, will not more than counterbalance the injury. NO. 49. 5,280 ft. Seconds, 3,600 )21,120( 6 ft. pr. second, nearly. 21,600 Lock chamber, 120 ft. area of opening. 6 720 cub. feet in one sec. In regard to the probable effect upon the use of the By this result, it appears that not more than one fornatural channel of the river, the committee think it prop-tieth part of the water of the river will be required to er to submit the opinions of some eminent engineers, as feed the Delaware and Raritan canal. furnishing the best lights for the guidance of the legislature. The opinions are here stated at length, as forming a part of the explanations upon this interesting subject alluded to by the Governor of New Jersey, in his letter to the Governor of Pennsylvania. "The amount of water in the river Delaware, at the junction of the Lehigh, as estimated by Mr. White, in the dry season or lowest stage of the river, would pass through an opening 40 feet in width, by 3 feet in height, at the rate of 4 miles per hour. VOL. II. 41 WM. STRICKLAND. of water afforded by the Delaware river, during its lowest stage, as also the quantity required for lockage in the contemplated canal. The deduction of Mr. S. viz. "that not more than one fortieth part of the water of the river will be required to feed the Delaware and Raritan canal," is no doubt correct so far as it relates to the quantity required for lockage. But the deduction ought, I conceive, to embrace the expense of water by evaporation, leakage and absorption, on that portion of the canal depending exclusively on the Delaware for its supply of water. On the supposition that the portion thus to be supplied, embraces an extent of twenty five miles, I would accordingly substitute the following estimate and deduction, instead of that alluded to, viz. "The river yields in 24 hours, at the lowest time," 62,208,000 FLOYD S. BAILEY, Esq. Troy, Jan. 29th, 1825. Dear Sir, Yours of the 24th, from Philadelphia, came safe to hand this day. I have not time nor data to answer your queries, but presume I can give such information as will be satisfactory. The Erie canal from Alexander's bridge to Albany, was filled from the Mohawk, in the fall of 1822, the length of this part of the canal is about 25 miles, and has 24 locks, from 7 to 11 feet lift, the canal being new, required much more water than after being a short time in operation. No diminution in the river was perceptible at the point where the water was taken out. A mill owner, located about the middle of the canal, made particular observations at this time on his mill pond, he thinks that his pond was lowered about half an inch when the water was first let into the canal, but is not positive that the quantity of water taken from the Mohawk has made any perceptible difference in the quantity which generally flows in that stream. I mention this circumstance because the mill owner was apprehensive that a large quantity of water would be taken from the river, and of course was more particular in his observations. My own observations corroborate the above statement. My impression is, that the Delaware is much larger than the Mohawk, and am therefore of opinion, that no injury would be done to the navigation of the Delaware, in consequence of taking a supply of water to feed the contemplated canal. Yours respectfully, CANVASS WHITE. Easton-and we have no other way of coming at results, but by comparison with our experience upon the Mohawk river. From our observations of a comparison between the waters of the Delaware and the Mohawk, at and below Schenectady, we come to the conclusion, that they are as 4 to 3 in favour of the Delaware. At a point 4 miles below Schenectady, in 1823 in the month of August, we attempted to fill the canal about 20 miles, when the banks were new and very leaky, and for that purpose we took the water from the river, at the place above designated. Much speculation existed among mill owners on the river, 15 miles below the point where we took water out. After the most critical and particular examination, there are none of the mill owners, who pretended any variation in the water of the river exceeding half an inch, and some think no variation was perceivable. From this data the result can be applied to the Delaware river, and the conclusion is, that at no time can the waters of the Delaware river be seriously or injuriously affected, by taking a sufficient quantity of water out of canal, as the quantity taken can never exceed a fiftiet the river, to supply the proposed Delaware and Raritan part of the volume passing in the river in its lowest state. We are, dear sir, very respectfully, your obedient servants, F. S. BAILEY, Esq. BENJAMIN WRIGHT, CANVASS WHITE Trenton, February 1, 1825. Dear Sir-1 received yours of 26th ult. A press of business has prevented my attending to your request as soon as I otherwise should have done. The report of the committee on the subject of the Delaware and Raritan canal, appendix B, (a copy of which I herewith transmit,) contains so much of the results of my level of the Delaware, as was deemed necessary for the purpose of ascertaining the practicability of obtaining a feeder from that source. I have not, as yet, made any map or profile of the river or level. There has been no survey or level made with a view to ascertain the most practicable route for the feeder. I can only say, generally, (not however professing to any practical science on the subject, that excepting the rocky base of the mountain extending along part of Wells' falls, say half a mile, the route will be very favourable. The most eligible place for taking out the water, I conceive will be at the end of Howell's falls, provided the summit level of the main canal can be cut down to admit of it, or if that be deemed impracticable, then the mill dam at Bull's island. But in that case, it may be deemed necessary to commence at the Tumbling-Dam Rock, in order to obtain sufficient elevation to pass two creeks, which put in between Howell's falls and Bull's island.estimate upon this extreme point. But if the first place The commissioners you will observe, have founded their can be adopted, the expense will be much less, as well on account of the decreased difficulty of passing the ra vines and valleys as the length of the feeder in the main canal. I should suppose the saving of lockage would go far to compensate the cutting down the summit le vel. As to the question, how much will the water in the Delaware be reduced by the feeder?-It is contemplated, I understand, to make the feeder the same size as the main canal, say 16 feet in the bottom, and 32 feet on the water line, and 4 feet water, allowing 6 inches descent per mile. The river is about 800 feet wide at common low water, and in this section falls at the average rate of nearly 4 feet per mile. This will reduce the river nearly half un inch. But if any objection be made on account of the navigation, it can only exist at the falls, where the the water descends at the rate of about 10 feet to the mile; this then will here reduce the water about three-feeder and canal shall be approved of by a majority of tenths or one-third of an inch. I am, sir, your friend, &c. THOS. GORDON. In addition to the information contained in the above documents, the committee will quote the opinion of the United States engineers, contained in a letter to the canal commissioners of the state of New Jersey, dated October 13, 1824. "In this country, (says Messrs. Bernard, Totten, and Sullivan) we have the experience of the Erie canal, as a better guide to the quantity of water consumed or employed, than the experience of European canals can be considered in this climate; whence we conclude, that a feeder will be necessary from the Delaware. And we are happy to find that this will be practicable without encountering any very great difficulty and without any ultimate disadvantage to the natural navigation of that river, as a branch canal from the feeder may even enter the river at Trenton or Lamberton." From the foregoing calculations, it appears that there is a material difference of opinion, with regard to the portion of the waters of the Delaware, which will be required for the contemplated canal; and in order to guard the interests of Pennsylvania, the committee submit to the consideration of the house, a bill which after assenting to the request of New Jersey, contains beside other provisions, an express condition, that if at any time hereafter, it shall appear to the Legislature of Pennsylvania that in consequence of the construction of the feeder or canal, there is any variation at any time in the water of the river, exceeding an inch in depth, and that such variation seriously and injuriously affects the navigation, the Legislature shall have full power to alter or repeal the act, and the privileges granted shall cease and determine. the board of engineers of the United States, who shall certify that the location and dimensions are in their judg ment the best adapted for a canal navigation between the tide waters of the Delaware and Raritan rivers. Another condition of the act is, that New Jersey shall, upon application by the Legislature, authorise Pennsyl vania, or persons acting under her authority, to enter upon the river Delaware, at any part or place, and take as much water as may be required for the construction of canals within any part of the state, provided that the water taken out shall not exceed in quantity that which is taken out by the Delaware and Raritan canal company, but the water to be used by either state, is to be only for purposes of navigation. For the purpose of facilitating the communication between the upper and lower waters of the Delaware, the committee have further provided that the navigable feeder shall terminate and enter the main canal within two miles of the tide water. With the foregoing conditions and restrictions, the passage of the bill will in the opinion of the committee, be the means of creating for our citizens, on the upper waters of the Delaware, a more easy and commodious way of getting to market the productions of their industry, and by augmenting the general prosperity of our country, it will benefit the commercial metropolis of the state, as from her position, Philadelphia, under a wise policy, will ever be a great commercial city, and the real centre of the manufactures and wealth of the Union. The execution of the canal will give employment to many of the labouring poor, who live in and contiguous to our state; it will contribute to maintain the spirit of activity and improvement; it will more immediately advance the pecuniary interests of the middle states; it will accord with the expressed wishes of New Jersey, and promote the harmony subsisting between us and a sister state, and by facilitating the intercourse between the most populous and valuable sections of the republic, it will increase the energies of the The above provisions, in the opinion of the committee, will at all times compel the canal company, in case the navigation is injured, either to improve the natural bed of the river, or pass boats through the feeder, upon such terms as will be satisfactory to the persons who are inter-people, and strengthen the bands of the Union, the best ested. As a further precaution to secure facility and cheapness of transportation, from the beginning of the feeder, which will be near Easton, to tide water, the bill requires that the feeder shall be esteemed a public highway, and not more than one cent per mile, for every ton weight of the ascertained lading of any boat, ark, eraft, or vessel, engaged in the transportation of persons or commodities from the river Delaware, to the river Raritan, shall be at any time demanded. The committee think proper to call the attention of the house to the following part of the report of the United States board of engineers, communicated by Mr. Calhoun, the Secretary of War, to the President on the 12th inst. "The co-operation of the board with the commissioners of the state of New Jersey, resulted in a strong conviction of the practicability of a canal communication between the Delaware and the Raritan, by leading the water of the former from about twenty-six miles above the city of Trenton to the summit ground between Trenton and Brunswick; and that the abundance of the water of the Delaware, will supply a canal of dimensions adapted to the vessels navigating the great rivers and bays of the sea-coast. The board are, however, of opinion, that previous to fixing the exact route of the canal, lines should be run from the vicinity of Bordentown across the summit, to the lowest point on the Raritan, to which a canal can, with due economy, be extended, with a view to avoid as much of the difficult tide navigation of the two rivers as possible." Sensible as the committee are of the importance of the canal as a national work, and of the duty which Pennsylvania owes to the confederacy, they have thought it incumbent on them to introduce into the bill a section requiring that the location and the dimensions of the pledges for general happiness and security. Under these impressions, which are the result of much deliberation, the committee respectfully ask the sanction of the House to the bill annexed to this report, REMINISCENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. The contemplation, occasionally, by your Reminis cent, of the astonishing increase in population, wealth, and splendour, now exhibiting every where throughout our beloved city; its lengthened pavements and splen did buildings, very frequently cause a reversion of the mind, back, upon the period, when, on Monday mornings in particular, he crept lazily to school, stopping here and gazing there, upon the "moving panorama" around him. The images of characters then existing in the city, and the situation of things, are as palpable as was the "air drawn dagger" of Macbeth, but without the horror. They float upon the memory rather as "This tle down moving," or the motes (sometimes mingled and convolved) discernible only in the sunbeam. Ere they vanish forever, as the curling mist, or the flitting ghost at cock-crow, it is intended in this communication to collect a variety of them hastily together, in one groupe, so that those who have a relish for the modern antique, in by-gone days, may see them "Come like shadows, so depart," An elderly domestic in the Pancoast family, who always named himself Me Mo Michael Hans Muckle We. Ider, although moving in an humble sphere, his person and character was familiar to every inhabitant. When sent on an errand he could hardly proceed a square in an hour, being continually surrounded by all sorts of people, some viewing him, and listening to him, and some asking him over again, the same question which questioned why he did not go and quell the riot there, answered as follows--Bless my soul, gentlemen--bless my soul, wass can I do wid dem. had been asked a thousand times. Whether the question (repeated) came from the child or the man, he was sure to answer them, every one, with an unbroken smile, extending from cheek to cheek, (sans teeth) White sand for floors, being at the time an important with unwearied patience, idiotic simplicity, and an af- article of consumption, the Old Sand Man, for the northfectionate tone of voice. To astonish them, he some- ern part of the city, was looked for the same as the times changed his usual amiable appearance and expres- Milkman. For the amusement of his customers, on sion of countenance, to a hideous frown and an awful being requested so to do, he would send his horse onsquint; his two eyes gazing at each other, and his long ward, the length of the square, then call after him by tongue hissing like the serpent from between his bone- his name, causing the horse, with the load of white sand, less gums, causing the juvenile spectator to shrink away to turn about and come to him--he trolling the song of from the horrid sight, which was but for a moment-White Sand, ho!—a shilling a bush, soft ‘oder' hard mothen resuming his usual benevolent smiling look, he ney. would say, "that's the way to frighten the Indians, so it is." He claimed as sweethearts, all the fashionable unmarried young belles in the city. He had "fifty hundred, twenty hundred and sixteen" of them; and when any of them married, he was sure to go the next day after the wedding, to claim his forfeit, always cheerfully given to him, which was an half crown, and a glass of punch from the lady's own hand, which, said he, was all the same, as though I married her myself. A partially deranged elderly spectre-looking maiden lady, tall and thin, of the Friends persuasion, named Leah, was somewhat remarkable from the circumstance, that she used sometimes to pass the night, wrapped in a blanket, between the graves of the Potter's field, (now Washington Square,) for the benevolent purpose of frightening away "the Doctors." Collector Sharp Delany, in the front part of his family residence, transacted the whole Custom House business of the port of Philadelphia, at the south-east corner of Walnut and Second street, at present occupied by the Delaware Insurance Company. George Baynton, a native of the city, was without controversy, acknowledged to be the most admirable among the fashionable young gentlemen of his daybeing of proper age and height, and of most astonishing beauty. "The beautiful Fatima," as described by Lady Wortley Montague, in her letters from Adrianople, and George Baynton, should have been brother and sister. Boys and men would turn and gaze after his splendid personal appearance-"many a bright eye fell beneath his glance," and followed his receding footsteps with looks of admiration. Fame had assigned to him all the bounties of nature, beyond the reach of art,-and every youthful manly grace, accompanied by the fascination of the serpent, towards the devoted fluttering bird. He deceased in the Fever. The uptown and the downtown boys, at this time, used to have, according to the streets, their regular nightbattles, with sticks and stones, making the panes of glass to jingle on the pavement occasionally-but the appearance of Old Carlisle and the famous West, the Constable, would scatter them into all the hiding places, peeping out from hole and corner, when the coast was clear. Those from the south of Chesnut street, were frequently headed by one, whose naval exploits, (since that time) in the Mediterranean, and on the Atlantic ocean, have secured to him imperishable fame. Also by his faithful friend, and the ardent admirer of the hero until death--well known since throughout the community for his suavity and exquisitely polished manners, unequalled by any of his race. Every one knowing him, beholding his visage only in his mind. They were the Achilles and the Patrocles of the Downtowners. The sign of the Three Jolly Irishmen, a tavern kept at the north-east corner of Race and Water streets, and whose locality ('twas said) was familiar in places across the ocean, used to be notorious throughout the city, as a primary resort of the "New Comers," and at times, one continued scene and sound of daily riot, and night brawl, making it dangerous to meddle with them, even by course of law. A little old German watchman, who stood in his box hard by, his shoulders bending under the pressure of years, and his chin and nose almost in contact--on being foolishly applied to one night, and Turkey carpets were spoken of, and only to be seen upon the floors of the first families for wealth. Parlour floors of very respectable people in business, used to be swept and garnished' every morning with sand sifted through a 'sand sieve,' and sometimes smoothed with a hair broom, into quaint circles and fancy wreaths, agreeably to the 'genius for drawing' possessed by the chambermaid. The Old Loganian Library, a one story brick building, shaped gable end fashion in the front, stood solitary and alone, within a post and rail fence on the west side of Sixth street, midway between Chestnut and Walnut streets. Behind the house, and on the grass, the scholars belonging to the Quaker Academy, in Fourth street, used to have the regular "set to." Sometimes in the grapple, after being "brought to the scratch," the fol lowing exclamation might frequently be heard by one of the combatants-"Dont tear my shirt-tear my skin but dont tear my shirt." The Northern Liberties, about Camptown and Pegg's Run, used to be in agitation almost every Saturday night, by the regular irregular, tavern, rough-and-tumble smash fighting between the ship-carpenters, from Kensington, and the butchers from Spring Garden. The public authority not even attempting to hinder them. A Bank Note at this time, signed by Thomas Willing, President, and countersigned by a long row of hierogly phic, perpendicular hair-strokes, only discoverable by the close inspection of microscopic power, to be the name of Tench Francis, the Cashier, was a kind of 'Caviar to the multitude,' and not to be seen, as now-a-days, in the hands of every one. It used to be viewed as a thing totally different from the continental paper money-as something unfathomable and puzzling to the brains of people, in its very nature-it being considered as so much cash in gold and silver, to be had in a moment. The strength of the paper caused a bet to be made, that in its material, it consisted of either silk or Russia sheeting; and that three of the notes twisted together would lift a fifty-six pound weight from the ground. On trial, the notes broke by the weight; a convulsive laughter ensued among the crowd. A consternation seized the owner of the notes, whether or no, by having torn them, he would be able to recover their amount from the Primitive National Bank. There were three banks in the thirteen United States, at the time, and the banking system was spoken of as a great mystery, known only to the "great Financier" Robert Morris, and the precious few. The number of banks at present distributed throughout the now twenty-four United States, being three hundred and sixty-five, the great mystery has been proportionably unravelled. Persons living towards the Delaware, and speaking of the house, No. 322 Market street, (then standing by itself) by way of designating the distance, would say "away out at Markoe's." Story books for children consisted in Goody Two Shoes, Giles Gingerbread, Tom Thumb, Peter Pippin, and Robinson Crusoe abridged, all printed and published originally in Saint Paul's Church Yard, London, by Carrington Bowles, and re-sold here at six-pence. The people being numbered about this time, the population of the city, in round numbers, was said to be above 50,000; which act of numbering was supposed by [Amer. Daily Adver. statues of England for the city of London only, though abridged, compose a volume. many pious, good people, speaking on the subject, (after it had happened) to be the procuring cause of the judgment of "the Fever" with which the city was af- To justify reasoning by analogy from the instances of terwards afflicted. Even (said they) as was the judg-corporations abroad, in Europe, it must appear that this ment of pestilence upon the Israelites, for numbering country is now in the predicament hat Europe was at the people "in David's time." LANG SYNE. the period of their commencement. On examination it will be found, that there is no one circumstance of similitude-anciently they were exemptions from the domination of the feudal barons, who devoured all the profits of the industrious in the country, and generally gave a degree of legislative power to those who previously had no share in the laws by which they were governed, either personally or representation. As much as the combination of citizens enjoying corporation immunities may be calculated, even at this day, to relieve from the weight of monarchical sway, to the same degree are they contrary to the equal and common liberty which ought to pervade a republic. Several attempts were made to procure an act of incorporation for the city before it was accomplished. On the 4th Sept.1783, the following memorial, signed by upwards of 1400 citizens opposed to it, was presented to the assembly. It was again revived in 1786; but the act did not finally pass until March 1789. To show the grounds of objection to having the city incorporated, we publish the Memorial. To the honourable the Representatives of the Freemen of the State of Pennsylvania, the petition of divers freeholders and inhabitants of the city and liberties of Philadelphia humbly sheweth: To those who are disposed to profit by the example of others, England affords an instructive example of the mischievous effects that are experienced from the practice of incorporating. Their commercial towns have flourished or declined in direct proportion as they have That your petitioners conceive it their greatest hap- power of making bye-laws has been constantly pervertbeen freed from or fettered by incorporations. The piness that they cannot be affected in their right of per-ed to illiberal purposes, though restricted by statutes, sonal security, personal liberty, and private property, but by the laws and regulations of their representatives in general assembly; this privilege they consider as the characteristic of freemen, the object of the present revolution, and without which even Pennsylvania would be no eligible place of residence. The attachment to this mode of government, which reason and reflection first suggested, habit and experience has enforced and increased; it is therefore with the most unaffected concern that we have observed a bill, published in June last, by order of your honorable house, entitled "An act to incorporate the inhabitants of the city of Philadelphia," which, if enacted into a law, would in our apprehension subject us to an aristocratic police, in a manner repugnant to the genious and spirit of our constitution, and to the manifest abridgement of what we estimate as the most invaluable of our rights and possessions. We beg leave, with all due respect, but with becoming freedom, to present to your honourable house our sentiments upon a measure that so nearly concerns us in our most essential interests, and the reasons which induce us to be of opinion, that such a law is unnecessary, inadequate to the design proposed, that the circumstances which gave rise to corporations in Europe do not exist here, and that the history of the present state of England, exemplifies the pernicious consequences which we may reasonably expect, should such an institution be established. The incorporation is unnecessary, because the legislature, in which several gentlemen from the city are a part, will always be possessed of sufficient informations with respect to the provisions necessary to be made for the convenience and order of the city, the periods of assembling sufficiently frequent to accommodate the laws to any incidental matters, and to vary as situation alters.The eastern states of this continent afford examples of the best regulated towns in the world, who never yet entertained an idea that they suffered inconvenience for want of an incorporation. An incorporation is equally inadequate to the design proposed-advert to the statutes of Great Britain-every incorporated city and borough, while in the full exercise of the power of making by-laws, apply to parliament for the establishment of every charge on its citizens, for a sanction to every improvement in its police; even in relation to those particulars which are generally deemed to be the more immediate objects of the circumscribed legislation of a corporation, paving and lighting the streets, care of the poor, assize of bread, supply of water, and every other business of the same nature. The and frequently corrected by the decisions of Westminster Hall. Towns previously inconsiderable, left to the common government of the counties, have grown to an unexpected magnitude; ancient cities, with every advantage of situation, have dwindled, under the weight of their corporations, to absolute insignificance-the corporate powers have been employed, for some time past, in little else than regulating a city feast, or the parade of a holyday show, and once in seven years prosti tuting their votes to the minion of some court favourite. But if your petitioners could be reconciled for a moment, to the principle of incorporations, they have many objections against the published bill, some of the most weighty they beg leave to mention: This bill introduced on the petition, as we find, of a very few of our fellow inhabitants, proposes to alter the constitutional mode of appointing justices of the peace for the city of Philadelphia, without the previous application of the major part of the freeholders of the same, or of any ward therein, contrary to the express words of the thirtieth article of the frame of government, and when scarcely a year is wanted till the electors of justices of the peace will be called to a new exercise of their privilege herein. Your petitioners cannot conceive that under the power you possess of granting charters of incorporation, and of constituting towns, boroughs and cities, and counties, you can take away the rights of the freeholders in this particular, nor that of the supreme executive branch of its alternative upon their choice, once in seven years. For if this could be, then under colour of incorporating any city or county, the council and the people might, with equal facility, be divested of their right to constitute the sheriff, as this last officer is essential to a city corporate, which justices of the peace are not; Westminster, Winchester, Salisbnry, and divers other incorporated cities and towns in England, have no justices of peace belonging to the municipal body. Lord Holt has observed, that a mayor is not therefore a justice of the peace, this requiring a special grant in the charter. We object to the large powers of oyer and terminer, unrestrained to offences not capital, in the proposed magistracy of the city, denied to the justices of the counties. We wish not the peculiar grant of the public fines and amerciaments in the city court, creating an invidious distinction seemingly in favour of the citizens, but payable to a body who would not be accountable for their public funds. We fear the precedent would be soon productive of similar applications from every county within the state; and we the rather object to this, as |