GEOGRAPHIC ADMINISTRATION BUILDINGS

SIXTEENTH AND M Streets northwWEST, WASHINGTON, D. C.

ORGANIZED FOR "THE INCREASE AND DIFFUSION OF GEOGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE”
To carry out the purpose for which it was founded thirty-two years ago, the National Geographic So-
ciety publishes this Magazine. All receipts from the publication are invested in the Magazine itself or ex-
pended directly to promote geographic knowledge and the study of geography. Articles or photographs
from members of the Society, or other friends, are desired. For material that the Magazine can use, gener-
ous remuneration is made. Contributions should be accompanied by an addressed return envelope and post-
age, and be addressed: Editor, National Geographic Magazine, 16th and M Streets, Washington, D. C.

In

Important contributions to geographic science are constantly being made through expeditions financed
by funds set aside from the Society's income. For example, immediately after the terrific eruption of the
world's largest crater, Mt. Katmai, in Alaska, a National Geographic Society expedition was sent to make
observations of this remarkable phenomenon. So important was the completion of this work considered
that four expeditions have followed and the extraordinary scientific data resultant given to the world.
this vicinity an eighth wonder of the world was discovered and explored-"The Valley of Ten Thousand
Smokes," a vast area of steaming, spouting fissures, evidently formed by nature as a huge safety-valve for
erupting Katmai. By proclamation of the President of the United States, this area has been created a
National Monument. The Society organized and supported a large party, which made a three-year study
of Alaskan glacial fields, the most remarkable in existence. At an expense of over $50,000 it has sent a
notable series of expeditions into Peru to investigate the traces of the Inca race. The discoveries of these
expeditions form a large share of the world's knowledge of a civilization which was waning when Pizarro
first set foot in Peru. Trained geologists were sent to Mt. Pelee, La Soufriere, and Messina following the
eruptions and earthquakes. The Society also had the honor of subscribing a substantial sum to the historic
expedition of Admiral Peary, who discovered the North Pole April 6, 1909. Not long ago the Society
granted $20,000 to the Federal Government when the congressional appropriation for the purchase was
insufficient, and the finest of the giant sequoia trees of California were thereby saved for the American
people and incorporated into a National Park.

Copyright, 1920, by National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C. All rights reserved.

CONTENTS

PAGE

....

Around the World with the Salvation Army. By EVANGELINE BOOTH, Commander

Salvation Army

346

Asia Minor in the Time of the Seven Wise Men. By MARY MILLS PATRICK, President

of the American College for Girls, Constantinople.

47

By Motor Through the East Coast and Batak Highlands of Sumatra. By Melvin A.

HALL...

Common Mushrooms of the United States. By Louis C. C. KRIEGER.....

68

387

Crow, Bird Citizen of Every Land, The: A Feathered Rogue Who Has Many Fascinat-

ing Traits and Many Admirable Qualities Despite His Marauding Propensities. By

E. R. KALMBACH, Assistant Biologist, U. S. Biological Survey....

Formosa the Beautiful. By ALICE BALLANTINE KIRJASSOFF..

322

National Geographic Society's Notable Year, The....

Hurdle Racing in Canoes: A Thrilling and Spectacular Sport Among the Maoris of

New Zealand. By WALTER BURKE.............

Last Israelitish Blood Sacrifice, The: How the Vanishing Samaritans Celebrate the

Passover on Sacred Mount Gerizim. By JOHN D. WHITING.....

Malta: The Halting Place of Nations: First Account of Remarkable Prehistoric Tombs
and Temples Recently Unearthed on the Island. By WILLIAM ARTHUR GRIFFITHS..

Massachusetts-Beehive of Business. By WILLIAM JOSEPH SHOWALTER.

Mind's-Eye Map of America, A. By FRANKLIN K. LANE.

Mushrooms, United States. Color insert. XVI plates..

Our National Parks. Color insert. VIII plates.

246

440

I

445

203

479

423

338

511

Peary as a Leader: Incidents from the Life of the Discoverer of the North Pole Told

by One of His Lieutenants on the Expedition Which Reached the Goal. By

DONALD B. MACMILLAN...

293

Peary's Explorations in the Far North. By GILBERT GROSVENOR, President of the

National Geographic Society..

319

Peru's Wealth-Producing Birds: Vast Riches in the Guano Deposits of Cormorants,
Pelicans, and Petrels Which Nest on Her Barren, Rainless Coast. By R. E. COKER. 537
Removal of the North Sea Mine Barrage, The. By Lieutenant-Commander NOEL
DAVIS, U. S. Navy....

103

Saving the Redwoods. By MADISON GRANT.

Skiing Over the New Hampshire Hills: A Thrilling and Picturesque Sport Which Has
a Thousand Devotees in the Dartmouth Outing Club. By FRED H. HARRIS........

When the Father of Waters Goes on a Rampage: An Account of the Salvaging of

Food-Fishes from the Overflowed Lands of the Mississippi River. By HUGH M.

SMITH, United States Commissioner of Fisheries......

Where the World Gets Its Oil: But Where Will Our Children Get it When American

Wells Cease to Flow? By George Otis SmITH, Director United States Geological

Survey

Winter Rambles in Thoreau's Country. By HERBERT W. GLEASON.