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guage is rather more encouraging than that of
many writers. As preliminary to any thera-
peutic course, he lays stress upon the discovery C

of the exciting cause in each individual case.
In those which depend upon the presence of
tape-worms brilliant results have been secured
by the expulsion of the parasite. Runeberg
writes that prior to our knowledge of the
relation between the tape-worm and pernicious
anæmia all his cases perished, whereas after-
ward out of nineteen treated with anthelmintics
only one proved fatal.

Habershon is authority for the statement that many patients at an early stage recover completely under bracing air, good diet, and iron. A great drawback to success is the fact that patients are often in an advanced stage of anæmia and debility before applying for advice. Stockman believes that it is always advisable to give iron in the form of a nonirritant preparation, and thinks the reason why it so often proves inefficient is that, owing to the frequent hæmorrhages, blood-manufacture does not keep pace with blood loss. Arsenic and phosphorus, especially the former,

are sometimes of service. "The mode of action of both is little understood, but neither of them can replace iron in the blood-corpus cles, and hence, as they both have a powerfullystimulant and alterative effect on bone, it is probably not far from correct to assume that they may stimulate the bone-marrow and thus increase the number of blood-corpuscles produced by it."

Referring to bone-marrow, introduced by Professor Fraser, and the use of which in his hands and those of Barrs, Danforth, and others produced results which excelled those of any other method of treatment, Stockman saw no advantage from it in one case, and, from the small amount of iron contained even in red marrow, he concludes that any benefit which it may produce cannot be due to that element.

DICKINSON COLLEGE, Carlisle, Pa, at the one hundred and twelfth annual commencement conferred the degree of LL.D. upon Dr. John V. Shoemaker, the editor of this journal and an alumnus of the institution of the class of 1872.

NASOPHARYNGEAL CATARRH. HRONIC naso-pharyngeal catarrh is so common and annoying a complaint that it has been the subject of much special study. In many treatises and many monographs its pathology and therapeutics have been discussed. One of the latest publications upon the subject is from the pen of Dr. Moure, of Bordeaux, whose writings we always read with pleasure and profit.* As an introduction the writer refers to the remark of Troeltsch that if, in the cadaver, the upper part of the pharynx be examined, one must be astonished at the glandular and vascular richness of that region. The mucous membrane is often the seat of ulcerations the presence of which had not been suspected during life. It is a difficult part to explore, indeed, and, even since the introduction of the laryngoscope and rhinoscope, now thirty-five years ago, it is only within the last few years that the pathology of the retronasal cavity has been gradually elucidated. Much has been written concerning the influence of climate and atmospheric conditions in the production of disease of the naso pharynx. Certain individual conditions, as age and occupation, also favor its development. Moreover, it may arise through propagation and extension from the mucous membrane of the mouth, nasal fossæ, or accessory cavities. In this manner pharyngeal catarrh often accompanies chronic coryza, lateral granular pharyngitis, or simple chromic pharyngitis, and empyema of the various sinuses of the face. The abuse of tobacco, -particularly among cigarette smokers who expel the smoke through the nose,-alcoholism, · the immoderate use of spiced condiments, etc., are likewise capable of exciting the malady.

naso

The symptoms vary greatly in intensity. In some cases there are modifications of sensi

bility. At times there is a feeling of dryness and, again, a sensation as if a mucous discharge dropped from the posterior nares into the throat. The effort to dislodge the mucus gives rise to disagreeable and uncomfortable acts of hawking, especially in the morning.

"Du Catarrhe Naso-pharyngien." Par Dr. E. J. Moure. Extrait des Archives Cliniques de Bordeaux.

The hawking not infrequently produces vomiting, after which some viscid, grayish, blackish, or blood-streaked mucus may be expectorated. Sometimes the secretion is very liquid and abundant. When the catarrh is very marked a sense of heaviness is often experienced in the head, especially in the occipital region. In other cases neuralgia and veritable migraine may occur. Dyspeptic manifestations may, at the same time, be present; the tongue may be heavily coated, the breath strong, and the appetite feeble.

of the catarrh restores the voice, and it is not necessary to apply any treatment to the larynx. Furthermore, a lesion, apparently insignificant, of the nasal mucous membrane is capable of producing reflex disorder of the respiratory passages, in the absence of any inflammation or implication of nerve-fibres in the morbid process. In fact, Hack and Hering have published cases of lateral granular pharyngitis in which the simple contact of a stylet with the wall of the pharynx provoked attacks of spasmodic cough.

General treatment is directed to the cause of the disorder, if it can be discovered. It is upon local applications, however, that we must principally depend. The mucous membrane must first be cleansed, after which it is proper to make use of insufflation of astringent powders or pulverizations of solutions of carbolic

The lesions upon which naso-pharyngeal Inflammation of the naso pharyngeal cavity catarrh depends are visible only upon direct is essentially chronic, for it shows no tendency examination. The walls of the retropharynx of its own to recovery. Indeed, even under are covered with mucus; they may exhibit energetic treatment, it exhibits a pertinacity granulations; sometimes dilated blood-vessels which is discouraging to both patient and are perceived beneath the mucous membrane, physician. If left to itself it extends to adjaand in other cases small ecchymoses. Super-cent parts. ficial erosions may also be present. In old cases the mucosa may be rather atrophied than hypertrophied, and secretion may be diminished. It is generally easy enough to recognize the existence of naso-pharyngeal catarrh, but it is necessary always to determine whether that constitutes the whole affection or whether it is secondary to disease of the nasal mucous mem-acid, borax, etc., made directly from behind brane, of the sinuses or tumors of the same region. The same symptoms may be caused by adenoid vegetations, though there are other functional signs which may suggest the presence of such tumors, and direct examination will readily dispel any doubts. In rebellious cases of post-nasal catarrh it is always of importance to examine the nasal fosse and their accessory cavities. In this manner we may eliminate suspicion as regards inflammation of the sphenoidal sinuses or ethmoidal MEDICAL NEWS AND MISCELLANY. cells. Auricular troubles are quite often excited by swelling or obstruction of the Eustachian tubes or even inflammation of those conduits. The middle ear may be attacked, and, especially among children, we observe acute otitis, giving rise to more or less severe pain or even the formation of an abscess in the middle ear and, in consequence, perforation of the membrana tympani.

Among rarer complications have been mentioned vocal troubles occurring without alteration of the laryngeal mucous membrane. Cure

the veil of the palate. Another mode in which remedies can be applied directly is touching the affected surface with a pencil or cotton medicated with a preparation of iodine, a properly-graduated solution of nitrate of silver, or chloride of zinc. Vegetations should be removed. If other complications be present they should receive appropriate treatment.

REMOVAL.-Dr. Isaac Barton has removed his offices to 137 North Sixteenth Street, Philadelphia.

DR. J. WOLF has been elected Lecturer on Bacteriology in the University Medical College, Kansas City, Mo.

elected a correspondent of the Academy of PROFESSOR ESMARCH, of Kiel, has been

Medicine of Paris.

THE American Neurological Association held its twenty-first annual meeting in Boston on June 5th, 6th, and 7th.

THE Third International Congress of Physiology will be held at Berne on September 9th and four following days.

THE American Pediatric Society held its seventh annual meeting at the Virginia Hot Springs, May 27, 28, and 29, 1895.

APPOINTMENT.-At a recent meeting of the Board of Managers of the Methodist Episcopal Hospital Dr. Edmund W. Holmes was elected visiting surgeon.

THE International Congress of "Thalassotherapy" (which being interpreted means “treatment at the sea side ") will hold its third meeting at Ostend in August (27th to 31st). The quesPhthisis at the Sea-side. 2. Technique of the tions on the programme are: 1. Pulmonary Sea Cure. An exhibition of hygiene and hydrotherapy will take place in connection with the Congress.

PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL SURGICAL CONGRESS.-At the German Surgical Congress recently held in Berlin, Professor Gussenbauer

DR. PATRIZI, assistant in the physiological laboratory of Turin, has been appointed Pro-announced that a proposal had been received fessor of Physiology and Materia Medica to the University of Ferrara.

THE Twenty-fifth Anniversary Reunion of the Society of the Alumni of the Medical Depart ment of the University of Pennsylvania was held on Wednesday, June 12th.

from some American surgeons that an international surgical congress should be organized, which should meet every five years at different places. The German Congress appeared to be favorably inclined to the proposal.

OHIO STATE PEDIATRIC SOCIETY.-At the

first annual meeting of the Ohio State Pediatric Society the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President, S. W. Kelley, of Cleveland; Vice President, J. P. West, of Bel

THE Congress of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Pediatrics, which was to have been held at Bordeaux on August 12th, is to take place four days earlier, namely, on August 8th. The Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Bor-laire; Secretary and Treasurer, G. M. Clouse, deaux, in organizing a Congress on the occasion of the Exposition, has elected Dr. Robert Barnes "President d'Honneur" of the Congress.

THE CONNECTICUT MEDICAL SOCIETY.-The one hundred and third annual meeting was held in Hartford on May 22d and 23d, under the presidency of Dr. Francis N. Braman.

THE Association of American Physicians held its tenth annual meeting in Washington, D. C., on May 30th and 31st, and June 1st, under the presidency of Dr. William Osler, of Baltimore.

THE New Hampshire Medical Society held its one hundred and fourth anniversary meeting in Concord on June 3d and 4th, under the presidency of Dr. David P. Goodhue, of Springfield.

of Columbus; Council, J. M. Dunham, J. E. Beery, G. S. Stein, D. L. Moore, all of Columbus, and H. S. Straight, of Cleveland. Time and place of next meeting is Columbus, May 27, 1896.

A SANATORIUM IN BErlin for CONSUMPTIVES.-Herr von Bleichröder, the wealthy

banker who died recently, has bequeathed a million of marks (£50,000) to the city of Berlin for the foundation of a sanatorium for consumptive patients. The authorities have decided that this sanatorium shall be in connection with the new (fourth) Municipal Hospital, which is now in course of erection. The sanatorium will accommodate fifty patients. Cases certified to be incurable will not be admitted.

RENAL COMPLICATIONS OF TYPHOID FEver.

THE RESIGNATION OF DR. HARRISON ALLEN. -At a meeting of the Trustees of the Uni-Roth cites a number of statistics in relation versity, the resignation of Dr. Harrison Allen, as Professor of Comparative Anatomy and Zoology was accepted.

THE MISSISSIPPi Valley MedicaL ASSOCIA. TION.-The twenty-first annual meeting will be held in Detroit on September 3d, 4th, 5th, and 6th. Dr. William Pepper, of Philadelphia, is to deliver the annual address in medicine.

A PORTRAIT of the late Dr. William Goodell, painted by Vonnoh in oil, was presented to the Medical Department of the University at the commencement held on June 13th. The presentation address in behalf of the donors, Dr. Goodell's family, was made by Dr. John Ashhurst, Jr.

to the frequency of nephritis as a complication of typhoid fever. He mentions the observations of Mygge, who, systematically examining the urine of seventy-two typhoid-fever patients, found albumin present in fifty-two. In half of these cases it was due to nephritis, in the other half to pyelitis or to cystitis. He refers particularly to cases in which the renal symptoms may be much more marked than those referable to the gastro intestinal tract, and cites a case of a boy taken very suddenly ill with headache, thirst, fever, and pain in the right loin. On ad. mission, fourth day of disease, the urine was scanty, dark red, cloudy, contained albumin, epithelial cells, numerous white blood-corpuscles; no casts. On the eighth day roseola was

found; on the ninth day the spleen was palpable; the urine contained albumin and epithelial cells from the pelvis of the kidney; no casts. The disease thus began as a pyelitis, it being on the eighth day that the diagnosis of typhoid fever could be made. The constant absence of casts argued against nepritis. The patient recovered. Careful examinations will prevent the overlooking of pyelitis occurring during the course of tybhoid fever, but in cases beginning as pyelitis the diagnosis may be obscured. Unless absolutely necessary in such cases, the cold bath should not be used. During convalescence great care must be exercised regarding the diet, especially in the use of albuminous foods.-University Medical Maga

zine.

TER DIE. It is not always good to be too curious, especially if you happen to be a hospital patient. One such was greatly concerned about what the physician wrote on the card which hung at the top of his bed. While the nurse was not watching he took down the card, and immediately set up a great hullabaloo, groaning and sobbing in a dreadful manner. The nurse came to him asking what was the matter. "Oh dear, oh dear!" was his response, "I've got to die!" " What is it? Do you feel worse?" asked the nurse, in tender tones. lar, mum, but I've got to die. The doctor has wrote it on my ticket." The poor fellow had so interpreted" ter die," and it was difficult to calm his fears.-North American Medical Review.

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Consequent on Purulent Diseases of the Ear," introduced by Dr. Thomas Barr, of Glasgow. 2. 'General Treatment in Diseases of the Ear," introduced by Dr. Gellé, of Paris. 3. "General Treatment in Diseases of the Internal Ear," introduced by Professor Gradluigo, of Turin. 4. The Present State of Our Knowledge of the Pathology of the Labyrinth," introduced by Professor Politzer, of Vienna. 5. "On the Physiology of the Middle Ear," introduced by Dr. Charles Secchi, of Bologna.

OBSTETRICIAN AT THE PHILADELPHIA HOSPITAL-At the last meeting of the Directors of the Department of Charities and Corrections Dr. W. Frank Haehnlen, Professor of Obstetrics at the Medico Chirurgical College, was elected Obstetrician to the Philadelphia Hospital, vice Dr. W. Easterly Ashton, resigned. Dr. Ashton is Professor of Gynecology in the Medico. Chirurgical College, and Dr. Haehnlen, who succeeds him, will represent the same institution on the obstetrical staff.

THE Association of German Alienists will hold its annual meeting this year in Hamburg, on September 13th and 14th. The following are the principal questions on the programme: “The Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of the Knee Phenomenon in Mental Diseases," to be "Not particu-introduced by Dr. A. Cramer, of Göttingen. "Action-bringing Insanity in its Nosological and Forensic Relations," to be introduced by Dr. Koppen, of Berlin. Transitory Mental Dis. orders of Epileptics in their Medico-Legal Relations," to be introduced by Professor Siemerling, of Tübingen.

College of MEDICINE FOR CHINESE. -The Hong Kong correspondent of the British Medical Journal says: "At a meeting of the Court of the College of Medicine for Chinese, four students had the diploma of the college conferred upon them. Of these Wong I. Ek passed with distinction. All the graduates have obtained immediate employment. Wong I. Ek has been appointed Demonstrator of Aatomy; W. I. Kai is employed by the Hong Kong gov. ernment in the civil hospital; and the other two graduates, Wong Sai Yan and Law Go Fuh, have been appointed to the native hospital in Selanga in the Straits Settlement. Ten students are at present studying in the college, and the number of applications for admission which have come to hand lately seem to indicate that the Chinese are beginning to benefit by the lesson Japan has taught them, and that western methods may now obtain a hearing."

THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF OTOLOGY.-The above meeting will be held in Florence, under the presidency of Professor Grazzi, from September 23d to 26th next. following are the subjects selected for discussion: The Treatment of Intra-cranial Abscesses

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THE Medical Society of Virginia will meet in Wytheville, Va., Tuesday night, September 3, 1895.

THE addresses at the Forty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association will be delivered by Nicholas Senn, M.D., Chicago, on Surgery; William Osler, M.D., Baltimore, on Medicine; George H. Rohé, M.D., Baltimore, on State Medicine.

A CONSTANT SIGN OF COMMENCING MENINGITIS. This consists in the inharmonious movements of the chest and diaphragm. It exists from the beginning and may serve to reveal it even in insidious cases. It requires careful searching. The chest and abdomen must be bared, but not suddenly, or the hyperesthetic

skin will take on accidental movements from the action of the air. In the first period of meningitis we see irregularity of rhythm and then remark the inequality of the amplitude or development of the chest. Another sign is the irregular type of respiration and dissonation of the movements of chest and diaphragm. The respiration is effected by the lower respiratory

muscles of the chest. Looking at the umbilical | ington, was "Diseases of Pregnancy and Parregion, instead of the normal elevation with each inspiration there is either immobility or depression. These movements are not connected with the Cheyne-Stokes type of respiration. Times and Register.

AT the annual meeting of the Obstetrical Society of Cincinnati the following officers were elected: President, Dr. A. W. Johnstone; VicePresident, Dr. Sigmar Stark; Secretary, Dr. E. S. McKee; Corresponding Secretary, Dr. W. D. Porter; Treasurer, Dr. George E. Jones.

THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF PHILADELPHIA.-A Section on Gynecology has been organized in the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Dr. Charles B. Penrose was elected Chairman, and Dr. John B. Shober, Clerk, for the ensuing year.

DEATH OF PROFESSOR NÖGGERATH.-Profes

sor Nöggerath, the well-known gynecologist, died in Wiesbaden on May 5th. Although a German by birth, he spent the greater part of

his life in America. Born in Bonn in 1807, he

became assistant at the Hospital for Women in his native town, and in 1856 he was called to New York, where he became Professor of Gynecology. He made valuable researches on the etiology of endometritis, leucorrhoea, and the inflammatory diseases of the sexual organs. In 1889 he left New York for Wiesbaden, where he resided until his death. His last work, entitled "Contributions to the Structure and Origin of Carcinoma," appeared in 1892.-Lancet.

THE PREPARATION OF ASEPTIC CATGUT BY MEANS OF FORMALIN.—Cunningham, in a paper read before the Section in General Surgery of the New York Academy of Medicine, advises the following method of preparing aseptic catgut: The catgut is soaked for two days in a mixture of absolute alcohol and ether It is then placed for several days in a mixture of equal parts of formalın, alcohol, and distilled water. After this treatment the . formalin is removed from the gut by boiling it for a half. hour in a normal saline solution. It is then preserved in alcohol and is ready for use. For this method the author claims the following advantages: The gut is absolutely sterile, as formalin is an active germicide; the sutures are less quickly absorbed, since formalin unites with albumins to form fairly insoluble compounds; the catgut is not brittle, and may be boiled in normal saline solution without losing its strength. -University Medical Magazine.

turition." A paper was read by Dr. J. W. Stickler on "Some Original Investigations showing the Antagonism between Morphine and Cocaine." A general discussion was held upon the subject presented at the last annual meeting: "Comparative Advantages of Water, Hot or Cold, versus Germicidal Solutions, in Modern Surgery." The reading of various other papers and reports of committees fully occupied the remainder of the time.

A NEW Special hospital for diseases of women has been opened at Montreal, Can., under the patronage of the Countess of Aberdeen, wife of The staff includes Sir the Governor-General. James Grant, M.D., K. C.M.G, consulting physician; William H. Hingston, M.D., LL.D., consulting surgeon; A. Lapthorn Smith, B.A., M.D, M.R.C.S.Eng., surgeon in chief; Wilson, C.M., M.D., assistant surgeon and Lionel Reddy, C.M., M.D., surgeon; S. F. registrar; Dr. Sylvester, assistant surgeon; and

H.

Dr. Letellier de St. Just, assistant surgeon. The

hospital is absolutely free to women who are poor and sick and who are residents of the city. Patients from outside the city will be admitted on payment of a nominal charge.- Fournal of the American Medical Association.

UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO.-The University has added a new department,—namely, the department of pedagogy. A faculty has already been chosen in part and Mr. B. B. Glenny made a member of the council of the university to represent this department.

ASSOCIATION OF ACTING ASSISTANT SURGEONS -The recently elected officers of the association are: Dr. D. S. Lamb, of Washington, president. Dr. J. L. Ord, of California; Dr. A. L. Comfort, of Wisconsin; Dr. John P. Pratt. of Massachusetts, vice-presidents. Dr. W. Thornton Parker, of Massachusetts, recorder; Dr. J. S. McLain, of Washington, registrar; Drs. H. M. Deeble, C. W. Gumpers, Samuel C. Benedict, W. C. Dixon, H. R. Porter, G. L. M. Gillicuddy, W. J. Hoffman, and A. F. Pattee, executive council.

MITCHELL DISTRICT MEDICAL SOCIETY.—

The forty-seventh semi-annual meeting of the Mitchell District Medical Society was held at West Baden Mineral Springs Hotel, West Baden, Orange County, Indiana, on July 5 and 6, 1895. Papers were presented by Drs. Edmund Andrews, of Chicago; A. C. Bernays, of St. Louis; A. M. Cartledge, of Louisville; N. P. Dandridge, MEDICAL SOCIETY OF NEW JERSEY.-The of Cincinnati; Frank C. Ferguson, of IndianOne Hundred and Twenty-ninth Annual Meet- apolis; F. Hensotin, of Chicago; J. A. Larraing of this Society was held at Cape May, June bee, of Louisville; Hanau W. Loeb, of St. 25 and 26, 1895. The subject of the presi- Louis; L. S. McMurtry, of Louisville; Joseph dent's address, by Dr. O. H. Sproul, of Flem- | Ransohoff, of Cincinnati; William L Rodman,

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