glades, when I inform them that when some of the wagons arrived in the forenoon at where we halted the night previous, they had each from twelve to twenty horses attached to them, and the axle-trees, were sweeping or shoving the mud and water before them as they moved onwards. None but regular wagoners could have navigated these mud swamps, and none but regular teamsters or men acquainted with bad roads, or roads in their worst state, can conceive the impassable state of the roads through the glades in the year 1794. Those wagoners who drove the two mile lane near Pittsburg from 1806 to 1815 or 16, can form some conception as to the state of the glade roads during the fall of '94.

Upon the arrival of our baggage wagons, we were ordered to "beat up the Troop." This done, all the soldiers fell into line, the rolls were called, we stacked our arms, and were then dismissed.

The Quarter Master in our regiment then dealt out the provisions to each company. The meat which fell to our lot was the poorest we had drawn from the time we had started from Harrisburg. It was that of a cow,

which he had procured, and which, in all probability, had but dropped her calf. This idea was strengthened by that of her having been a milch cow. This meat was so poor and claminy that, (in the language of soldiers respecting poor meat,) if it had been thrown against a board fence, it would have stuck fast. Poor as it was, we had to hurry and cook it, and poor indeed was that drawn by other companies, if poorer than that drawn by ours. After we had prepared and ate our breakfast (which was not until nearly or altogether twelve o'clock, A. M.) we placed the balance in our haversacks, and then beat up the long-roll. The line of march was soon formed, the word 'forward' was given, and we then resumed our march towards the Laurel Hill.

Owing to the late rain, the road was still very bad, and we were unable to proceed very far that day before night was setting in upon us. A halt was called, and our baggage wagons not being far behind us, we were not long

before we had our tents pitched, and in the enjoyment of all the comforts that our circumstances could afford us. Not having had any comfort or sleep the night previous, we were in a condition each, to make full hands at the business of sleeping. We laid down early, and enjoyed a tolerable night's rest.

As soon as we partook of breakfast next morning, we beat up the long-roll, and marched off in better spirits than we had the day previous. We continued our march until we arrived on the top of Laurel Hill mountain.— Here a halt was ordered, and each soldier seated himself and partook of a bite of cold victuals.

After we had finished our repast, an officer called out to me, requesting me to bring my Drummer along with me, and play him a few good tunes. Warriour and I then went to where this officer and others were seated taking their cold bite and "good stuff." They invited us to take a little of the creature with them, which we did without making any wry faces about it. They then asked us to give them some of our best tunes. We did so, and in doing it, we of course done our best. As we were thus engaged, some of them joined in a dance, and began to skip about, and trip it as orderly, lively and airy as if they had been in a ball room. These officers had their horses tied up to the bushes and trees near to where they then were. Among the horses, there was one that I had frequently noticed on the way. The of ficer that owned and rode him, would often jump him over large logs and limbs of trees. He would clear them always, and in doing so, would leap like a deer. Whilst we were playing and the officers dancing, this horse was prancing to the music with seeming delight. I heard the officers talking with each other about him. One said he was old, and another said he was not.They then asked the officer that owned him if he knew how old he was. He replied that he did. He said that his father had raised him from a colt, and that he was thirty-three years old the last spring season then past. I believed then that this horse was the handsomest, most active and showy one in the whole army.

After the officers had done dancing, we were ordered to beat up the long-roll, upon which the men formed, -and we moved onwards. We next made a halt at Greensburg in Westmoreland county, and the next halt that we made was not far from the "Bullock Plains," known by many as Braddock's Fields. When we arrived at Braddock's Fields, we formed our camp, and laid there a few days. Whilst there, the soldiers, many of them, amused themselves by climbing up into the trees for the purpose of cutting out leaden bullets, which had been lodged there in 1755, when General Braddock was defeated by the Indians in the campaign of that year.

From Braddock's Fields we moved on to Fort Pitt, (now Pittsburg) and encamped within a mile of the

town.

Whilst we laid at Fort Pitt I obtained permission to visit the town every day or two. The old Fort (Du Quesne,) which had been built for the protection of this post, I do not recollect whether it was occupied by any of our troops, but believe it was not. It was so built as to command the Alleghany and Monongahela rivers, above, and at their junction, as also the Ohio river below. The hills around Pittsburg, particularly those on the opposite sides of both rivers were very high. The hills above Pittsburg and between the two rivers were (some of them) quite high and were called by different names, as Grant's Hill, Scotch Hill, Forbe's Fields, &c.

Instead of being met as was threatened by a formidable foe, we saw nothing in the form of enemies. The disaffected, (those that organized themselves) had disbanded and gone quietly to their homes.

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The insurrectionary spirit was every day growing weaker and weaker, and in proportion as this had manifested itself the insurgent force had diminished. Mustering from 7 to 10,000 men only, and they promiscuously and hastily drawn from their homes, young and old without proper leaders, proper discipline, military stores, &c. &c., they had thought it altogether futile to attempt

to resist (or cope with) a well disciplined army of upwards of 15,000 strong.

After a number of the more active leaders were captured and handed over to the proper authorities to be dealt with according to the laws of the land, the expedition was considered at an end.

Governor Lee, believing that it was altogether necessary and loudly called for, left General Morgan with a strong detachment in the centre of "this disaffected country."

The main body of the army was then withdrawn from Pittsburg and the surrounding country, and were marched on their way homewards. Many who sought discharges obtained them, some of these enlisted in the United States regular service and marched on to join General Wayne who was then engaged in a war with the Indians on the Miamis, in Ohio. A journeyman shoemaker whom I had had in my employ and who was with us, enlisted then and I never saw or heard tell of him afterwards.

Others deserted and remained in the West, and a great many died and lie buried at different places within the country surrounding Pittsburg.

Whilst at Fort Pitt, my attention was attracted one day by a great crowd of soldiers and citizens. I drew near for the purpose of learning the cause of such a concourse of people. I perceived that the crowd was viewing a tavern sign. The tavern keeper had commenced the business but a short time before, and had put up a sign, upon which was painted "St. Clair's Defeat," which had occurred on the 4th of November, 1791.The sign-board upon which this bloody massacre was painted was full twenty feet in length. On both its sides, whites and Indians were painted. Some of the -whites were represented as bearing up against the tide of savage ferocity. Others, both whites and Indians, were represented as falling in death. Indians were represented as firing, scalping and tomahawking the whites. General Butler, (under whose command I had

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been at York, Pa., during the Revolutionary war,) was represented as wounded and leaning against a tree, and an Indian before him with a tomahawk in one hand, and a scalping-knife in the other, springing towards him to complete the work of death. Indians were represented also as taking aim, and firing from behind trees and logs. Whites were also shown as falling, some one way and some another. On each side of this sign-board, I suppose there were two or three hundred whites and Indians represented. This sign must have cost the landlord a great sum of money, but I suppose our soldiers alone more than paid for it, for there were crowds of them to look at it whilst we were encamped at Pittsburg, and most of them spent their money pretty freely in patronizing his house.

CHAPTER XXII.

The weather had been very bad much of the time during our stay at Pittsburg. Rain and snow, with clear weather, would be seen twice or three times in one day; portions of the time, and the weather, I may state, continued bad for the most part until we arrived at home. I suffered more from exposure to cold, cold rains, chilling damps, wet and deep roads during this expedition, than I had at any time during the Revolutionary war. I was very unwell when we arrived at Greensburg, on our return homewards. At this place a horse was put into my possession, to be delivered at Strawsburg, situated at the eastern base of the mountains in Cumberland valley. After this good fortune attended me, I obtained permission to travel on ahead of the army. I started from Greensburg in fine spirits. Indeed, I went on my way rejoicing greatly. The thoughts of home, wife, kindred and friends, are of themselves sufficient to animate and buoy up the way-worn traveller's spirits under the most distressing fatigues.