List of Patents for Inventions, &c. (Continued from Vol. X. Page 464) RUDOLPHE CABANEL, of Lambeth, Surrey, Engineer ; for improvements in the construction of wheels and axletrees, by which will be obtained the following and other advantages: the carriage will be less liable to overturn; and, in consequence of the friction being almost wholly done away, will move with much less power or labour of the horses; the necessary oil or grease being supplied without separating the wheel from the axle, are so securely attached as to obviate the frequent accident of the wheels coming off, and should they be injured, any other wheel, whether cart, coach, or waggon, may be substituted as a temporary resource, and a wheel or wheels may be shifted at pleasure. Dated May 5, 1807. JAMES WOODS, of Ormskirk, Lancashire, Chair-maker; for a machine for churning milk and cream, and which may be used as a pump. Dated Máy 9, 1807. WILLIAM CUBITT, of Walsham, Norfolk, Engineer; for a method of equalizing the motion of the sails of windmills. Dated May 9, 1807. FRANCIS FROME, of Spring-Gardens, Westminster, Middlesex, Gentleman; for an improved portable bootjack, with a guard to prevent the possibility of any aceident to the legs or ankles in pulling off the boots. Dated May 11, 1807. WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE, of Holborn, London, Musical Instrument-maker; for improvements on the flageolet or English flute. Dated May 14, 1807. JOHN ROEBUCK, of Warren-street, St. Pancras, Middlesex, Civil Engineer; for improvements in a machine called The Caledonian Balance. Dated May 14, 1807. CHESTER GOULD, of Walworth, Surrey, Gent.; for improvements on a machine for mangling linen and other articles required to be mangled. Dated May 26, 1807. Specification of the Patent granted to WILLIAM CUBItt, of Bacton Wood Mills, North Walsham, in the County of Norfolk, Engineer; for a Method of equalizing the Motion of the Sails of Windmills. Dated May 9, 1807. With a Plate. To all to whom these presents shall come, &c. NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I the said William Cubitt de hereby describe my new method of equalizing the motion of windmill sails in manner following; that is to say: My invention consists in applying to windmills an apparatus or contrivance which shall cause the vanes, constructed or formed in a new and peculiar manner, to regulate themselves, so as to preserve an uniform velocity under those circumstances in which the wind would otherwise irregularly impel them, as is the case with the sails or vanes of mills of the present construction. I accomplish this object by forming the vanes (for the sake of lightness) with fewer VOL. XI.--SECOND SERIES. M cross cross bars or shrouds than in the common method, and filling up the remaining open space with small flat surfaces, formed either of boards or sheet iron painted, or any other fit substance (though I prefer and recommend them to be made of a framing of wood, covered over with canvas). I hang or suspend the same on their ends by gudgeons, pivots, centres, or any other convenient method, so as to open and shut like valves (for which reason I shall hereafter so call them ;) preferring always to have the centre of motion as near the upper longitudinal edge of the valve as possible, as shewn in the drawing bb, Fig. 1, (Plate IV.) which exhibits a valve detached. I apply these valves to vanes of the present construction, by suspending them to the cross bars or shrouds of the vane by their longitudinal edges, fastened thereto by joints or otherwise, as may be preferred. These vanes constructed of valves as above described, and which are represented in the drawing Fig. 2, present a greater or less surface to the wind, according as it acts with more or less force on them; and if the wind be very strong or high, the valves by its impulse would turn their edges to it, and their surfaces parallel to the direction of the wind. The vanes would consequently remain stationary, or at least have but little motion; but to obviate this circumstance taking place, I apply an apparatus which shall cause the valves always to present their flat surfaces to the wind, or such portion of their surfaces as may be de sirable. The apparatus which I have usually applied is exhibited in the drawings Figs. 3 and 4, which last figure shews two modes of performing this object; though it must be evident that various other ineans may be ap. plied to produce the same effect on the valves, and I therefore do not mean to confine myself to those precise modes of effecting it, but consider it unnecessary here to detail others, as the examples exhibited in the drawings fully ascertain the sort of apparatus requisite. DESCRIPTION of the DRAWINGS. (Plate IV.) Fig. 2 represents a set of vanes, in which A A shew the valves turned to the wind, and their surfaces all exposed at right angles with the direction of the wind. BB exhibit the vanes as close reefed, or the valves with their edges to the wind, so that it can have no effect upon them except on their edges, which must be trifling. In the drawing the vanes are exhibited as having the whip down the middle, with valves on both sides; but it is evident that the vanes may be constructed with the whip placed in the usual way, and have valves on one side only, which is the method I usually adopt in apply. ing them to vanes of the present forin. Fig. 3 represents a side view of the apparatus for regulating the valves; and Fig. 4 is a section of the same, exhibiting two methods of performing this operation. A represents the shaft, which is bored through its centre to admit an iron rod B to pass freely through it one end of this rod is made to turn in a box C, which is fastened to a toothed rack D, whose teeth take into those of a pinion E, upon the axis of which is a sheave F, with a groove on its circumference to receive a rope G, to which is hung a weight, shewn at H, Fig. 3, and which must be sufficient to regulate the force of the wind upon the valves, though no precise quantity of weight can be herein specified, as the same must be adjusted by experiment, or by the quantity of work to be performed by the mill. On the top of the rack D is a roller I, which serves to keep the rack and pinion in the proper depth of gear. The end of the rod B, which turns in the box C, M 2 has a knob or onion on it, by which it can be moved endwise while it is turning in the box C. In the other end of the rod is fixed a boss or plate of iron K, with a gudgeon projecting from each side, on which are the bridles or leaders L L, which permit the levers M M to describe a curve with their ends while the iron rod B moves in a straight line. N N are two studs or props fixed to the stock O of the sail; on the ends of which props the levers MM move, and communicate their motion to the racks PP, the teeth of which take into the pinions QQ, on thẹ axis of which (according to one method herein exhibited, Fig. 5,) is fixed a strong iron stud R, which is attached to a rack or slider S. Iron studs or levers are fixed at one end in this slider S by a pin or gudgeon, and at the other made fast to the valves a, which move on gudgeons as before described, The other method of regulating the valves is shewn at Fig. 6, where, instead of the studs or levers, the valves may be moved by having pinious fixed to them, and working with teeth in a rack or slider, as at T. V V are rollers to keep the racks P in their gear. The operation of this apparatus will be clearly comprehended by imagining that if the hook 4 on the rope G be pulled down to 5, the sheave F with the pinion E will turn at the same time, putting in motion the rack D with the rod B ̧ which will bring the levers M M into the position represented by the dotted lines: the racks P will have turned the pinions Q till the sliders S and T with the studs or levers, or racks, (according to whichever method may be used,) bring the valves into the position of the dotted lines, in which position they are represented as having all their surfaces to the wind; therefore, if a sufficient weight be hung to the hook 4, the weight will decend to 5, and keep the valves in the situation of the dotted |