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Specification of the Patent granted to JOHN MABERLY, of Bedford Row, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman ; for making and constructing Tents, Poles, and other Machinery, so as to expel and carry off noxious and contaminated Air by a readier and more effectual Ventilation than can be accomplished by the Tents in com→ mon Use. Dated March 7, 1807.

With Engravings.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c.

Now KNOW YE, that I the said John Maberly, in pursuance of the said proviso in the said letters patent, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as follows; that is to say: In the annexed drawings the same letters denote the same things throughout.

A (Plate II.) represents a cap or piece (made in preference of wood), of the form of a vase, or of any other suitable figure, of which Fig. 1 represents an upright section, and all the horizontal sections are circular.

Fig. 4. represents the largest horizontal section which is at or near the bottom of the vase. At D D, &c. are perforations which communicate obliquely with another central perforation E E, which is open at bottom, but does not proceed through the said vase at top. At B B and CC are certain sloped or conical surfaces surrounding the neck of the vase.

Fig. 2. represents, in a vertical section, the manner in which I fill up my tent poles. The external dark line represents an hollow pipe or cylinder of plate-iron, or other suitable metal; and the internal faintly shaded part represents a wooden tube or pipe, bored not quite through VOL. XI-SECOND SERIES. C

at

at the bottom, near N, where it is secured in the said pipe or cylinder by a pin, or by any pin, or by any other proper fastening. At H H are holes which pass through both the wood and metal, and communicate with the interior space G. And the lower part I of the metallic cylinder (where there is no lining of wood) is fastened by pins, or otherwise, upon the part K of the tent-pole K L, Fig. 3.

Fig. 5. shews the upper part of a tent of the usual conical figure. The canvas of the same is securely fastened upon the conical surface B C (Fig. 1.) of the neck of the vase, and a piece of leather M is firmly fixed below the projecting part C, in order to cover and defend the place of junction from the weather. The tent-pole L being fixed in the socket I, is introduced by its upper part G, into the cavity E (which is lined with metal), where it bears against the shoulder F F, and supports the tent. QQ represents part of the canvas which may be supposed to be continued to complete the tent. In the situation here described it will be easily understood that the heated air within the tent will rise to the vertex, or most elevated part of the said tent, where it will pass out through the holes H H, and through Ę and D D into the open air, and that by these means the ventilation will be promoted and kept up with more or less rapidity in proportion to the elevation of temperature; that is to say, in proportion to the necessity which there may be that the tent should be ventilated.

And I do hereby further declare, that in some cases I find it desirable to make, and I do accordingly make, my vase with a neck proceeding only to CC, and that I do in such cases fasten the tent-cloth to a separate piece or ring by itself; and the vase is not then attached or fixed to the cloth, as before; and I do also fix or make a shoulder or pin, or protuberance, at or near P, upon

the

the metallic pipe or cylinder, for the purpose of supporting the tent by the said ring, instead of against the face or shoulder F F, as herein before first described.

And in the last described method of constructing and fitting up tents, according to my said invention, the tentpole or poles is or are passed through the said ring; and the vase or vases A A is or are put on afterwards.

And farther, that in the construction of officers tents, or such as are not conical, I do pass the tent-poles, fitted up as aforesaid, and provided with the said shoulder-pin, or protuberance, at P, through two metallic rings, which are severally fixed and secured at the ends of the ridgepole.

In witness whereof, &c.

Specification of the Patent granted to THOMAS PATY, of St. Thomas's Watering, Kent Road, in the parish of St. Giles's, Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, Manufac turer; for a Method of spinning. dyeing, weaving, and manufacturing East India Sun-hemp into Carpets and Carpet Rugs. Dated April 11, 1807.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c,

Now KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso in the said letters patent contained, and the purport and true intent and meaning thereof, and of his Majesty's most gracious intentions, I the said Thomas Paty do by this instrument in writing, under my hand and seal duly executed, particularly describe the nature and process of the said method of dyeing, spinning, and manufacturing East India sun-hemp, which is done in the following manner. The sun-hemp must be taken from the bale as C 2

imported

The second is in dyed and used for The third sort is

And I

imported from India, and dressed into three sorts on a cág and clearer the first or longest sort is used for the purpose of being made and spun into yarn for the chain or warp of the carpet and carpet rugs. like manner spun into yarn, which is the pile of the carpets or carpet rugs. spun into a coarser yarn for the shoot or weft. The yarn spun of the sun-hemp, for the purpose of being employed for the pile of the carpets or carpet rugs, is dyed in the skain various colours, such as blue, green, yellow, black, brown, purple, buff, red, mulberry, naroon, wood-green, and the various shades of these and other colours. particularly claim as my invention the application of the art of dyeing towards imparting the said colours and shades of colours to the sun-hemp of India, for which purpose I use the following drugs, dyeing stuffs, and materials, viz. cochineal, argol, old and young fustic, peach-wood, sumach, indigo, orchal, solution of tin, chamber-ley, alum, oil of vitriol, and copperas. The materials having been thus properly dyed and prepared, they are made in carpets or carpet-rug's in a loom, of whose component parts, and of the manner of using them, the following is a description. The outer frame consists of four posts, six feet six inches high, and four rails, five feet six inches long; but the length and breadth of the frame and loom may vary according to circumstances, and the size of the carpet or rug to be woven. The internal parts of the loom are, a breast-beam, a cloth-beam, and a yarn-beam; a harness made of twine' with steel eyes, equal to thirty-two score of threads or yarn, which is sufficient for weaving a carpet three feet in width; for carpets of a greater width the harness must vary in proportion The reed is made of steel so as to

take

take two threads to a dent, equal to sixteen score of dents for carpets or carpet-rugs three feet in width. The hand-shuttle nine inches in length by four and a half in breadth, one pair of battens, bobbins for the different sorts of yarn, a sitting-bench, and two treadles, with a roller for the upper part of the harness, and pullies to be fixed higher or lower as occasion requires, are made in the usual manner. The warp of chain is in general dressed with starch made of flour and water, and in the beaming of it, is received through a raddle with iron. teeth. The shuttle is worked by hand. The harness consisting of four wings when at work, two wings being up and two down, parts two chains in half every time the shuttle passes through the centre. The pile is raised by means of a rod of iron, copper, or brass, with a sunk-in groove of about three-eights of an inch. The rod varies from one and one-fourth of an inch to two inches in circumference, according to the length of pile required. The sun-yarn dyed and prepared for the pile is wound round the rod by hand, being threaded through every two threads of the chain or warp, and when struck up by the batten is cut with a sharp instrument down the groove of the rod; by which means the rod is immediately extricated from the dyed sun-yarn, the cut ends of which form the pile on the upper side of the carpet or carpetrug. The shoot forms the ground or back. The rug or carpet is finished by chipping and trimming the pile with a pair of shears.

In witness whereof, &c.

Specification