before some magistrate, having jurisdiction in the premises, and be weighed before him within twenty-four hours after the same is baked, sold or exposed to sale; and so as such bread complained of in any hundred or place, be brought before some justice of peace of such hundred or place, and be weighed before such justice within three days after the same is baked, sold or exposed to sale, unless it be made out to the satisfaction of such ma gistrate, on behalf of the party against whom such complaint is made, that such deficiency in weight wholly arose from some unavoidable accident in baking or otherwise, or was occasioned by some confederacy. 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. s. 21. But by 39 and 40 Geo. 3. c. 74, it shall be lawful for any magistrate or justice of the peace, or for any wardmote inquest of the city of London, or the master or wardeys of the bakers' company, or the major part of them, or other persons authorized by any act, to weigh bread made for sale, although the same shall not have been exposed to sale, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the same is wanting in weight, at any time within 48 hours after the baking thereof. s. 4. But every justice in weighing such bread shall have regard to the time when it was baked, and the period elapsed between the baking and weighing, and shall on proof by the baker of the time of baking, make such allowance for loss in weight, not exceeding the proportion of allowances in the last act mentioned, as shall be just, so as to ascertain that such bread was originally made and baked of due weight. 39 and 40 Geo. 3. c. 74. s. 4. search shops in The several wardmote inquests, in the day-time, may enter Power given to into any shop, bakehouse, or other place, belonging to any the wardmote baker, to weigh and try the loaves of bread exposed for sale, inquests to and if any of them shall be found wanting, either in the good- London and the ness of the stuff, or deficient in the due baking or working liberties for thereof, or shall be wanting in the due weight, (such weight to bread wanting be ascertained within twenty-four hours after such bread shall weight. have been baked,) or shall not be truly marked according to the directions of the act of 3 Geo. III. (see Head II. hereafter) such wardmote inquest, or any four of them, may seize such bread, and after seizure shall, with all convenient speed, cause the same to be carried to a magistrate, who may dispose thereof as he thinks fit. 37 Geo, 3. c. 98. s. 22. And if any person shall obstruct any search or the seizure of Penalty on ob any bread, he shall, on being convicted in manner aforesaid, for structing such feit a sum not exceeding 5. nor less than 20s. 37 Geo. 3. search. c. 98. s. 23. Every person who makes for sale, or sells, exposes or sends Mark. out for sale any bread, shall cause to be marked on every loaf the Roman letters after-mentioned, viz. upon wheaten bread a large Roman W; and upon household or brown bread a large Roman H; aud every person who makes for sale, or seils or exposes to sale any loaf of any sort of bread allowed to be Penalty for selling for a greater price than set by the assize. Bread inferior to wheaten not to be sold high er than household. Houses may be entered to search for bread. made in pursuance of this act, not marked pursuant to this act, so as the same may on view be ascertained, under what denomi nation such loaf was made, and ought to be weighed (except as to loaves rasped after the bespeaking or purchasing, by the desire of any person who orders the same) shall forfeit not exceeding 20s. nor less than 5s. for every loaf not marked. 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. s. 25. But if the offence is committed within London or the liberties thereof, or the weekly bills of mortality, or within ten miles of the Royal Exchange but not further, the offender shall forfeit not exceeding five shillings nor less than one. 38 Geo. 3. c. ir. s. 10. No baker or other person shall ask or take, for any bread which he sells or exposes to sale, any greater price than such bread shall be ascertained to be sold for by the court, magistrate or justices, authorized to set the price and assize of bread; and no baker or other person, who makes any bread for sale, shall refuse to sell any loaf of any sort of bread in pursuance of this act allowed to be made, to any person who shall tender ready money for the same, at the price such bread by the assize is fixed at, when such baker has any loaf of such bread in his possession, to be sold, more than is requisite for the imme. diate necessary use of his own family or customers; and which it shall be incumbent on such baker or other person complained of, to prove before the magistrate to whom such complaint is made, if required by the party who makes such complaint; upon pain that every person convicted of such offence shall forfeit not exceeding 40s. nor less than 10s. 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. s. 26. 38 Geo. 3. c. lv. s. 12. No person shall sell or offer to sale any bread of an inferior quality to wheaten bread, at a higher price than household bread is set at by the assize; and if any person offend in the pre. mises, he shall forfeit for every such offence, on being convicted either by confession or by the oath of one witness, before any magistrate, 20s. 81 Geo. 2. c. 29. s. 27. But in London or the liberties thereof, or the weekly bills of mortality, or within ten miles of the Royal Exchange, the penalty is not exceeding 10%. nor less than 40s. 38 Geo. 3. c. lv. s. 13. It shall be lawful for any magistrate or justice, and for any peace officer authorised by warrant of such magistrate, in the day time, to enter into any house, shop, stall, bakehouse, warehouse or out-house, of any baker or seller of bread, to search for, view, weigh and try any bread there found: and if any bread be found wanting either in the goodness, or deficient in the baking or working, or in the due weight, or not truly marked, or of any other sort than allowed by this act; any ma. gistrate or peace officer may seize the same, and such magistrate may dispose thereof as he thinks fit. 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. search for adul terated meal. If information be given on oath to any magistrate that there Mills and other is cause to suspect that any miller who grinds grain for toll or places may he reward, or any person who doth dress, bolt, or in any wise ma- entered to nufacture flour for sale, or any maker of bread for sale, doth mix or put into any flour ground for sale, any mixture, ingre dient or thing, not the genuine produce of the grain such four ought to be, or whereby the purity of any flour in the possession of any such miller, mealman or baker is adulterated; it shall be lawful for such magistrate, and for any peace officer authorised by warrant of any magistrate, in the day, to enter into any house, mill, shop, bakehouse, stall, bolting-house, pastry warehouse or out-house, of any such miller, mealman or baker, and to search whether any mixture, ingredient or thing, not the genuine produce of the grain such flour ought to be, be mixed up with or put into any flour in the possession of any such mil ler, &c. either in the grinding at the mill or in the dressing, bolting or manufacturing, or whereby the purity of any flour is in any wise adulterated: and if it appear that any offence hath been committed in any place allowed to be searched, it shall be lawful for any magistrate or officer authorised as aforesaid, to seize any flour deemed to have been adulterated, and all mixtures and ingredients found and deemed to have been used, or intended to be used in such adulteration: and such as be seized by any peace officer, shall with all speed be carried to some magistrate within whose jurisdiction the same are so seized: and if any magistrate who makes any seizure, or to whom any thing seized under this act is brought, adjudge that any mixture or ingredients, not the genuine produce of the grain any such flour so seized ought to be, is put into such flour, or that the purity of such flour so seized was adulterated, such magistrate is to dis pose of the same as he thinks proper. 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. 8. 29. Every miller, mealman, baker or seller of bread, in whose Penalty on possession any mixture or ingredient is found, which is ad. having in pos judged by any magistrate to have been lodged there, with session unlawintent to have adulterated the purity of flour or bread, ful ingredients. shall on being convicted, either by confession or the oath of one witness, before any magistrate, forfeit not exceed ing 101. nor less than 40s. unless he make it appear to the satisfaction of the magistrate, that such mixture or ingredients were not brought where the same were found, with intent to have been put into any flour, or to have adulterated the purity of any flour, but was in the place where found, for some other lawful purpose; and the magistrate out of the money forfeited, when recovered, may cause the offender's name, place of abode and offence, to be published in some news-paper printed in or near the place where such offence is committed. 31 Geo. 2. e. 29. s. 30. structing search. Penalty on ob- If any person obstract any search herein before authorised, or the seizure of any bread, or of any ingredients found on such search, and deemed to have been lodged with intent to adulterate the purity of flour or bread, or wilfully resist any such search, or the carrying away such ingredients, or bread seized, as not being made pursuant to this act, he shall forfeit not exceeding 57. nor less than 20s, 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. Penalty on s. 31. Within London and the liberties thereof, the bills of mortality, and ten miles of the Royal Exchange, no ba ker nor his journeyman or servant, shall in the making of bread for sale, put any alum, or preparation or mixture in which alum shall be an ingredient, or any other preparation or mixture in lieu of alum, into the dough of such bread, or in anywise use alum in the making of such bread, on pain that every such person who shall be convicted, either by his own confession, or by the oath of a credible witness, shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 10l. nor less than 57. or shall, by warrant of the magistrate, be committed to the house of correction, or some prison, to be kept to hard labour for a time not exceeding six months, nor less than two; and the magistrate shall cause the offender's name, place of abode, and offence, to be publish. ed in some newspaper; and defray the expence of publishing the same out of the money to be forfeited, 37 Geo. 3. c. 98. § 21. And it shall be lawful for any magistrate or justice of the peace, within the limits of their jurisdiction within London, the bills of mortality, or ten miles of the Royal Exchange, and also for any peace officer, authorized by any warrant of any such magistrate or justice, at seasonable times in the day, to enter into any house, shop, stall, bakehouse, warehouse, out. house, or ground, of any baker, and to take with him one or more master bakers, and to search-whether any alum or other ingredient shall have been mixed up with any meal, flour, dough, or bread, and also to search for alum, or any other ingre dient intended to be used in such adulteration or mixture; and if on such search it shall appear that any such meal, flour, dough, or bread, so found, shall have been so adulterated, or any alum or other ingredient shall be found, which shall seem to have been deposited there, in order to be used in the adulter, ation, then it shall be lawful for any magistrate, or justice, or officer authorized as aforesaid, to seize any meal, flour, dough, or bread, deemed to have been adulterated; and all alum and other ingredients found, and deemed to have been used,or inten ded to be used in adulteration, and such thereof as shall be seiz ed by any peace officer, shall, with all convenient speed, be car ried to some magistrate or justice; and if any magistrate or jus, tice, who shall make such seizure, or to whom any thing se seized shall be brought, shall adjudge that such meal, flour, dough, or bread, so seized, shall have been adulterated by any unwholesome or improper mixture or ingredient put therein, or shall adjudge that any alum or other ingredient or mixture so found as aforesaid, shall have been deposited or kept where so found, for the purpose of adulterating meal, flour, or bread, then such magistrate or justice of peace is to dispose of the same, as he shall think proper. 38 Geo. 3. c. lv. s. 14. But every baker in whose house, shop, stall, bakehouse, ware house, outhouse, ground, or possession, any alum or other in. gredient or mixture shall be found, which shall be adjudged by any magistrate or justice to have been deposited there for the purpose of being used in adulterating meal, flour, or bread, shall, either on being convicted by his own confession, or the oath of one witness, forfeit not exceeding twenty, nor less than five pounds, or shall be apprehended and committed to the house of correction, or some prison, and be kept to hard labour for not exceeding six calendar months, nor less than one, as such magistrate, or justice, shall order (unless the party shall make it appear, that the same was not lodged where found or seized with any design to have been put into any meal, flour or bread, or to have adulterated therewith the purity of any meal, flour, or bread, but that the same was in the place where found or seized for some other lawful purpose); and the justice shall cause the offender's name, abode and offence, to be published in some newspaper published in or near the city of London or Westminster, and defray the expence of publishing the same out of the money forfeited, if paid or recovered. 38 Geo. 3. c. Iv. s. 15. And if any person shall wilfully obstruct any such search, or seizure, or shall wilfully oppose any such search being made, or the carrying away any such alum or other ingredient or mixture, or any meal, flour, dough, or bread, seized as adulterated, or as not made pursuant to this act, he shall for. feit not exceeding ten, nor less than five pounds, as the magistrate, or justice, shall order. 33 Geo. 3. c. lv. s. 16. No miller, mealman or baker, shall be capable of acting as magistrate or justice of the peace, under this act; and if he so do he shall for every offence forfeit 30l. to any person who will inform or sue, to be recovered in any court of record at Westminster. 31 Geo. 2. c. 29. s. 32. Persons interested not to act as magis trates. If any baker shall make complaint to any magistrate or jus. Journeymen tice, and make appear by the oath of any credible witness, that offending. any offence which such baker has been charged with, and for which he has incurred and paid any penalty under this act, was occasioned by the default of any journeyman or other servant employed by such baker, such magistrate or justice shall issue |