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Grain Planter and Ash Sowing Machine.-P. Seymour, East Bloomfield, Ontario county, $5.

Sowing Machine.-W. H. Jones, Bridgeport, Conn., Diploma.
Flar Pulling Machine.-H. Hill, Diploma.
Bells.-A.. Mencely, West Troy, Diploma.

Door Locks and Bell Pulls-Dana & Price, Utica, $5. Rockaway Buggies.-Allen & Carpenter, Groton, Tompkins county, $5.

Buggy Wagons and Sleighs.-James Gould & Co., Albany, Dip. Double Acting Force Pump.-1st, Phelps & Messenger, Oneida, $3; 2d, H. G. Madison, Syracuse, Diploma.

Fire Engine.-Calvin Young (16 years old), Auburn, $5. Balance Slide Farm Gate-1st, 1. White, Kirkland, Oneida county. $3; 2, S. Benham, Camillus, Onondaga county, Dip. Portable Bedstead.-James Hazlett, Utica, $3.

Refrigerator and a Shower Bath.-E. Taylor, Rochester, $5. Horse Yoke -E. II. Danforth, Busti, Chautauque county, $3. Leather-Creasing Machine.-S. Wilson, Dansville, Livingston County, $3.

Imitation Graining.-F. Van Doorn, Rochester, $3.
Smut Machine.-Wilson & McCullogh, Syracuse, Diploma.
Buckwheat Cleaner.-Daniel Pease, Jr., Diploma.

Mill for Sawing Siding-Nelson Peck, Lyons, Wayne county, Diploma.

Portable Grist Mill.-J. H. Bristol (Fitzgerald's Patent), Dip. Hay Scales.-J. F. Kecler, Cazenovia, $5.

Or Yoke.-Elon Sheldon, Sennett, Cayuga county, Diploma. Buggy Wagons and Chariotees.-John W. Bates, Utica, Dip. Wagon Wheel.-J. S. Royce, Cuylerville, Livingston co., Dip. Compound Carriage Wheel.-Norman Rude, Onondaga, $3. Self-Acting Cheese Press.-W. C. Pratt, Weedsport, Cayuga county, Diploma.

Seraphines.-Upton & Miller, Rochester, Diploma.
Whips.-W. R. Strong, Rochester, Diploma.

Sofa and Card Tubles.-Charles Rust & Son, Syracuse, Dip. Portable Hunting and Fishing Case.-William Gardner, Geneva, Diploma.

Stove Pattern Carving.-J. F. Seymour, Utica, Diploma.

Boot Crimping Machine.-J. H. Ladne, Cato, Cayuga county. Mustard and Puste Blacking.-D. Murdock & Co., Albany, Diploma.

Saddlery Hardware.-Kasson Fraser, Syracuse, $3. Harness and Bridles.-1st, P. Williamson, Skaneateles, Diplo ma; 2d, F. A. Keeler, Albany, Diploma; 3d, C. H. Wheaton, Homer, Cortland county.

Butter Firkins.-Abram Sherman, Summer Hill, Cay, co. $2. Model Steam Engine.-D. D. R. Ormsby, Homer, Cortland co., Diploma.

Card Printing Press. -F. A. Marsh, Diploma. Hand-Power Planing Machine.-Andrew Parker, Auburn, Dip. Morticing Machine.-Benjamin H. Otis, Syracuse, Dip. Revolving Bellows.-Jerome Darling, Adrian, Michigan, Dip. Drill Sawing Machine.-Pennock & Pierce, Chester county, Penn., Diploma.

Sculpture in Wood (very interesting), and showing great promise.-J. Sangster, Buffalo, a boy 14 years of age, $5. Sash Lock.-James Jones, Rochester, Diploma.

MISCELLANEOUS FANCY ARTICLES.

Shell Work.-Miss L. C. Morris, Auburn, $3.

Wax Work.-Miss L. C. Morris, Auburn, $5, and Diploma; Miss Mary F. Snow, $3.

Needlework-Fire Screens.-Delia M. Colvin, Syracuse, $5; Lydia S. Russell, $5.

Ottoman Covers.-Delia M. Colvin, $3; F. E. Thornton, Fleming, $3; Mrs. N. M. Stephens, Elbridge, $3, and Diploma. Tuble Covers.-Mrs. Geo. W. Patterson, Chautauque county, $4, and Diploma.

Group of Flowers in Worsted.-Mrs. John Porter, Auburn, $3. Lamp Mats.-Mrs. W. G. Pierce, Auburn, $3; Mrs. Brockway, Brockport, Monroe county, for variety of Worsted work, Dip. Worsted Rugs.-Mrs. Lucas, Auburn, $4; Mrs. Roxana Cottle Hurston, Buffalo, $2, and Diploma; Mrs. Cornelius Walcott, Elbridge (uncnt), $3.

Fancy Chairs.-Mrs. Sarah Harbottle, Auburn, $1; Mrs. Joseph Sabin, Syracuse, Diploma; Ladies of Utica Female Academy, $3 and Diploma.

Handkerchiefs, Caps, &c.-Mrs. V. R. Voorhees, Amsterdam, $3; Miss Abby Allin, Camden, Oneida, $2; Miss Green (child's dress), Jordan, Cayuga county, $1.

Fancy Painting and Needlework.-Mrs. Wm A. Dutcher, Milo, $3, and Diploma.

Embroidered Shawls.-Mrs. Alanson Benson, Skaneateles, $3; Mrs. John G. Wheeler (Thibet cloth), Sennett, $3.

PLOWING MATCH.

1st, David Cossit, Onondaga, $15; 2d, Azariah Letts, Ulysses, Tompkins, $12; 3d, Henry Willard, Cayuga, $10; 4th, L. C. Pratt, Salina, Onondaga, Vol. Tr.; 5th, J. B. Gaylord, Auburn, Cayuga, county, Col Tour.

Notice.-Persons entitled to Cash Premiums, can draw on J. M. D. McIntyre, Esq., Treasurer, Albany, or apply personally; and for Medals, Books, or Diplomas, on Joel B. Nott, Esq., Corresponding Secretary, Albany.

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PREMIUMS AWARDED

AT THE

Nineteenth Fair of the American Institute.

NATIVE STOCK.

For the best Native Cow, Whitson Jarvis, Brooklyn, Silver Cup, $10; Second best, Le Grand Bradley, Hamden, Ct., Silver Medal, $5. Best Native Heifer, Josiah Purdy, Jr., Rye, Westchester co., Silver Medal, $5.

IMPROVED STOCK.

Best Durham Bull, over 2 years old, Bell & Morris, Westchester county, Silver Cup, $15.

Best Devon bull, 2 years old and over, Roswell L. Colt, Paterson, N. J., Silver Cup, $15.

Best Ayrshire bull, 2 years old and over, Roswell L. Colt, Silver Cup, $15.

Best Durham bull calf, Bell & Morris, Silver Medal, $5. Best Ayrshire bull calf, Roswell L. Colt, Silver Medal, $5. Best Durham cow, John A. Pool, New Brunswick, Silver Cup, $15.

Best Devon cow, R. L. Colt, Paterson, Silver Cup, $15. Best Ayrshire cow, Thomas Ellison, New Windsor, Silver Cup, $15.

Best Alderney cow, R. L. Colt, Silver Cup, $15.

Best Durham heifer, over 1 year, Thomas Addis Emmet, New York, Silver Cup, $8.

Best Devon heifer, over 1 year, J. N. Blakeslee, Watertown, Conn., Silver Cup, 88.

Best Durham heifer calf (bred by George Vail, Troy), Samuel Allen, New York, Silver Medal, $5.

Best bull, over 1 year, Wm. Whitney, Morristown, N. J., Silver Cup, $8.

Best Devon bull, over 1 year, R. L. Colt, Silver Cup, $8.

Best grade bull, over 2 years old, Lewis G. Morris, Fordham, Silver Cup, $10.

Best grade bull, over 1 year old, Jas. Bathgate, Fordham, Silver Cup, $6.

Best grade bull calf, James Weeden, Newtown, L. L., Silver Medal, $5.

Best grade cow, Charles Bathgate, Westchester county, Silver Cup, $10.

Best grade heifer, over 1 year, Lewis G. Morris, Fordham, Silver Cup, $6.

Best grade heifer calf, James Bathgate, Fordham, Silv. Med. $5.

WORKING OXEN.

Best yoke working cattle, Curtis Bacon, Middletown, Ct., Silver Cup, $15; Second best ditto, John B. Davis, Derby, Ct., Silver Medal, $5.

FAT CATTLE.

Best pair fat oxen, S. Strong, Milford, Ct., Silver Cup, $15. Fat steer, Joseph F. French, Silver Medal, $5.

SHEEP.

Merino buck, J. N. Blakeslee, Watertown, Ct., Silver Cup, $8. 3 best Merino ewes, J. N. Blakeslee, Silver Cup, $8. Saxon Merino buck, Hiram Whitlock, Watertown, Ct., Silver Cup, $8.

Saxon Merino ewes, the same, Silver Cup, $8.

Best Leicester buck, Chas. Bathgate, Morrisania, Silv. Cup, $8. 3 best Leicester ewes, Benj. Florence, Mamaroneck, N. Y., Silver Cup. $8.

3 Best Leicester lambs, Bell & Norris, Morrisania, Silver Medal, $5. Best Southdown buck, R. Bolton, Jr., East Chester, Silver Cup, $8. Best Southdown lambs, R. Bolton, Jr., Silver Cup, $8. Improved Bakewell Sheep, Charles Blackbourne, Prospect Hill, $6.

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REVIEW OF THE MARKET.

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REMARKS.-On reference to our Price Current it will be seen that Ashes, Cotton, Flour, Wheat, Barley, Oats, Corn, Indian Meal, Hay, Naval Stores, Lard, Provisions, and Tallow, have ad. vanced, the late European advices per Caledonia being in favor of these articles. We almost regret to see such advance, as it may have a tendency to prevent shipments to that extent which would take place if prices were kept lower. The United States grow such large quantities of produce, it is a great object to sell at moderate rates, and thus prevent other nations competing with us in the English market.

Money continues abundant at legal rates, for all private pur poses. The Government is somewhat pinched for funds, which may ultimately affect private affairs, unless the people continue very prudent in the conduct of their business. Credits should be avoided as much as possible.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.-Cato, A Young Fariner, Wm. R. Prince, Reviewer, M. W. Philips, L. T. Talbot, J. H. Beale, E. M. C., and Westchester, are received. The last will be good enough to send us samples of his African maize, as we suspect it is Egyptian millet, such as has long been cultivated here.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.-The Northern Galaxy, containing the List of Premiums of the Addison County, Vt., Ag. Society Show and Fair; the same of the Cortland County Ág. Society.

DUTCHESS AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE. Located twelve miles east of the village of Poughkeepsie, on the "Wilkinson Premium Farm," in the Western Valley of Union Vale, Dutchess County.

The Winter Session of this Institution commences the 1st Thurs. day of October; the Summer Session the first Thursday of April. The Course of Studies in this Institution is such as to give the student every facility for acquiring a most thorough knowledge of Scientific and Practical Agriculture, with the use of the best modern improved Implements; a select Farmer's Library, with numerous Agricultural Periodicals, and instruction in all the collateral branches.

There will be Regular Lectures, of which the students will make abstracts, to serve both as examinations and as exercises in composition, delivered on

Technical Mineralogy-applied to Rural Economy, Commerce. Chemistry, Mining, and Architecture-illustrated by Mineralogical Cabinet and excursions for observation.

Practical Botany-applied to Horticulture, Veterinary Medicine, Rural and Domestic Economy--illustrated by living specimens and excursions for observation.

Zoology-applied to Rural Economy, Commerce, and Manufactures-illustrated by living subjects, skeletons, &c. Zoonic course will commence with the Horse.

The

Natural Philosophy and Agricultural Chemistry-illustrated by efficient Experiments, by Prof. S. E. Haskel, late of the Van Rennselaer Institute, of Troy.

Mathematics, in all their branches, are thoroughly taught.

A practical knowledge of the Modern Languages is ensured by Weekly Lectures, Discussions, Orations, Essays, and Conversations in them.

The soil of the Farin embraces a great variety, and is well adapted to Experimental Farming. Its location is pleasant and healthful-the building extensive and commodious.

Fee for the Year $200, payable semi-annually, in advancewhich includes Tuition, Board, with beds and bedding, Toilet Furniture, Washing, Mending, Fuel, and Lights.

Farmers. Pupils from other Schools, or other citizens desirous of attending each or any Course of Lectures, can obtain Admission Tickets by applying to the Principal; for a Single Course $5, or $3 per Course where they attend two or morepayable in advance. Extensive accommodations for Horses are provided.

This Institution is under the patronage of the Am. Ag. Association, the Farmers' Club of the American Institute, and the Dutchess Ag. Society.

Address JOHN WILKINSON, Principal Dutchess Ag. Institute, Poughkeepsie, Dutchess Co., N. Y. References. -Board of Ag. of the American Institute. Board of the American Agricultural Association, N. Y. Rev. L. M. Vincent, New York.

Professor Cyrus Mason,

Zebedee Cook, Esq.,

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Dr. C. H. P. McLellan, Principal of the Poughkeepsie Female Academy.

Chas. Bartlett, A.M., Principal Collegiate School, Po'keepsie. Wm. A. Davies, Esq., President of the Farmers' and Manufacturers' Bank.

Matthew J. Myers, Esq., President of the Merchants' Bank. Rev. Abm. Polhemus, Hopewell, Dutchess County.

H. G. Ludlow, Poughkeepsie,

S. Mandeville, La Grange,

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John Van Wyck, Esq., New Hamburgh.

LUDLAM'S SAUSAGE CUTTER.

This machine is very simple in its construction, and easily kept in order. It will cut 100 lbs. of meat per hour, in the most perfect manner. It is operated by hand. Price $6.

A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water St

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RARE AND VALUABLE WORKS

ON

Natural History, Agriculture, &c., for Sale. Michaux's Flora Boreali-Americana, 2 vols. quarto, with Plates. Price $14.

Burmann's Plantarum Americanarum, 1 vol. large folio, with 262 Plates. Very rare. $18.

Browne's Natural History of Jamaica, 1 vol. folio, with numerous plates. $7.50.

Aublet's Histoire des Plantes de Gaiane Françoise, 4 vols. quarto, with plates. $22.

Humboldt's New Spain, Zoology, &c., 3 vols. folio, with plates. $20.

Kalm's Travels into North America, in 1751, containing its
Natural History, &c., 3 vols. 8vo. $6.50.

Bartram's Travels in Florida, 1 vol. 8vo. $4 50.
Garcilasso's Description of Florida (in Spanish), 1 vol. folio.
Very rare. $8.

Garcilasso's Royal Commentaries of Peru, Translated by Rycaut, 1 vol. folio, with plates. Rare. $10.

Pliny's Natural History of the World, Translated by Holland, 1 vol. folio. Rare. $17.

Tusser's 500 Points of Good Husbandry, quarto edition of 100. Printed in Red and Black. 35. Very rare and curious.

Inquire of A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y.

THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST.
Published Monthly, by SAXTON & MILES, 205 Broadway, New
York, containing 32 pages, royal octavo.

TERMS-One Dollar per year in advance; three copies for Two
Dollars; eight copies for Five Dollars.

When Agricultural Societies order the work for distribution, among the members, the price will be only FIFTY CENTS a year, for the Monthly Numbers, and SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS per copy for bound volumes. It will be expected that these orders come officially, and be signed by the President or Secretary of the Society. The object in putting our periodical at this very low rate is, to benefit the farming community more extensively than it could otherwise be done. We hope, henceforth, to see the Agriculturist in the hands of every Farmer and Planter in the country.

Each number of the Agriculturist contains but One sheet, and is transported by mail under the same regulations as newspapers, viz.: free any distance not over 30 miles from its place of publication; over this and within 100 miles, or to any town in the State of New York, one cent postage on each number, and one and a half I cents if over 100 miles, without the State.

Back Volumes of THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, with tables of contents complete, for sale at $1.00 each; elegantly and uniformly bound in cloth, $1.25. These are handsome, tasteful books, and make very desirable premiums for distribution with Agricultural Societies, and should also find place in all our District School Libraries. They constitute the best and THE TREES OF AMERICA, most complete treatise on American Farming, Stock-Breeding, NATIVE AND FOREIGN, Pictorially and Botanically Delineated, and Horticulture, extant. When several copies are ordered, and Scientifically and Popularly Described; being considered liberal discount will be made. principally with Reference to their Geography and Historyly, or advertising it, will be furnished a copy gratis upon sending Editors of newspapers noticing the numbers of this work monthSoil and Situation; Propagation and Culture; Accidents and such notice to this office. Diseases; Properties and Uses; Economy in the Arts; Introduction into Commerce; and their Application in Useful and Ornamental Plantations; illustrated by Numerous Engravings. By D. J. BROWNE, Author of the "Sylva Americana." Large 8vo. pp. 532. Price-Superbly bound in gilt morocco, $6-In muslin extra, $5. For sale by SAXTON & MILES, 205 Broadway, N. Y.

A FARM FOR SALE IN ILLINOIS. A choice, rich tract of land, of 640 acres, part of which is rolling prairie, and part well timbered, within half a mile of Albion, the county town of Edwards county, Illinois, is offered for sale or exchange for good property in this State. It is within ten miles of navigable waters, and a very healthy situation. For further particulars inquire (post-paid) of

A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y.

FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS.

The Subscriber has been so often requested to add Garden Seeds to his assortment of Field Seeds, that he has at length consented to do so, and now offers for sale a great variety, grown by responsible persons, and put up expressly for him. They are fresh, and he confidently thinks may be relied upon. A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y.

TO GARDENERS AND NURSERYMEN. Cast-iron Tallies or Naming Sticks for Sale.-This is a recent invention, and is so constructed as to receive the name of any seed, plant, or tree, under a glass cover, thus keeping it safe and always distinct to be seen. They will last half a century, and are very cheap, costing only 50 cents to $1.50 per dozen.

CONTENTS OF NOVEMBER NUMBER.

AGRICULTURAL WAREHOUSE & SEED STORE,

F. TROWBRIDGE,

138 CHAPEL STREET, NEW HAVEN, CT.

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Show of the Queens County Agricultural Society
The Proper Time for Cutting Timber
The Alpaca, No. 6; Sausage Stuffer.........
British and Irish Flax Culture, No. 1...........
The Moss Rose.....

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336

337

--338

...... ... 339 340

Preservation of Potatoes; Burrall's Corn-Sheller...
Popular Errors, No. 2; Comparative Value of Irish and
Virginian Tobacco

Dealer in Agricultural Implements and Machines, Grass, Field Treatment of Mules, M. W. Philips
Grain, Herb, and Flower Seeds, Trees, Plants, &c.

AMERICAN AGRICULTURE.

Being a condensed Encyclopædia of Northern and Southern Farming, embracing Soils, Manures, Draining, Irrigation, and all staple productions, as the grasses, grain, roots, and miscellaneous articles; cattle, the dairy, horses, sheep, mules, swine, and poultry; their treatment, food, diseases, &c., &c. Price $1 retail. A liberal discount to the trade. For sale by

SAXTON & MILES, 205 Broadway.
A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street.
MATCH HORSES.

One pair of very fine dark bay horses, six years old, long tails, 15 hands high. One pair light bay, seven years old, square tails, 16 hands high. One pair grey ponies, five years old, and several young single horses. For sale cheap.

Address C. JOHNSON, care of A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water St.

PROUTY AND MEARS' PLOWS.

Quite a variety of the above plows can be had at the New
York Agricultural Warehouse, together with the most complete
assortment of all kinds to be found in the United States.
A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y.

Irish Mode of Boiling Potatoes
Gardening, No. 9, L. T. Talbot
How to Increase the Fruitfulness of Orchards...
Destruction of the Cotton Crop by Insects, Thomas Affleck.. 341
Management of Honey Bees, No. 5, T. B. Miner... 343
Saxon Sheep....
....... 344
345

Insects that prey upon Locust-trees....
Advantages of Cooking Food for Animals; Experiments)
with Guano, E. K. Collins; Plowing in Green Crops, 346
A Traveller; Westphalia Plan of Smoking Hams
Review of August No. of the Agriculturist, Reviewer.......
A Ready Rule for Farmers
Prevention of the Ravages of the Clothes Moth
Proposed Safety Lamp, M. W. Philips
The Cotton Crop, J. W. Ruff & Co.
American Wine; The Potato Disease..
Entomology, No. 1, L. T. Talbot...
LADIES' DEPARTMENT: Hints to Housekeepers, Old
Lady's Diary: Mode of Removing Sperm,
Tallow, &c., from Cloth

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362

LETTERS FROM THE SOUTH.No. 1.

LETTERS FROM THE SOUTH.-No. 1.

of his countrymen," sought in the pursuits of a diligent and enlightened agriculture, his highest AFTER leaving Baltimore, there is soon visible a individual enjoyment, and the best welfare of his striking deficiency in the cultivation, in comparison country. It may be doubted, however, whether with that of the north; though this difference is Washington, so extensively engaged in public less apparent in Maryland than farther south, as the affairs during a great part of his life, made his agrimanufacturing spirit already developed in that culture so productive as has been frequently claimed. State is manifest in new and thriving villages occa- His home estate partakes of that barrenness of soil sionally springing up. The increased demand and which characterizes a great part of Eastern Virvalue of agricultural products, necessarily induces ginnia; and the want of good markets, and the inattention to the cultivation of the soil; and more different cultivation which characterized the land is inclosed, old fences are repaired or removed, operations of good farmers in his day, could not, and new fields are taken in, and all is better culti-without the greatest economy, have resulted in the vated. The farmer soon finds from his increasing accumulation of a large estate, even on a virgin receipts that his prosperity is identified with that soil. The most rigid and enlightened system of the mechanic and manufacturer; and that if he which the intelligence of his time enabled him to has to pay a trifle more, which he seldom does, or adopt, while it might have failed to secure great even 50 per cent., which has never been the case, wealth, is still an illustrious example to the present for the few domestic manufactured articles which and future generation of farmers; and the considerhe consumes, he is yet vastly better off for sustainable wealth he secured from the partiality of his ing the useful arts of his own country in preference early friend, Lord Fairfax, and his judicious selecto buying abroad, at even lower rates, for which his tions of choice lands at nominal prices, while enmeans of payment would be soon exhausted from gaged in the laborious duties of a stripling surhis inability to secure any fairly remunerating veyor, enabled him in after life to refuse all commarket for his products.

pensation for his seven years' service as Commander-in-Chief during our Revolution, and afterwards maintain that munificent liberality, which, though conspicuous above most others, was among the least of his resplendent virtues.

The neighborhood of Washington, proverbially sterile, has latterly felt the influence of a domestic market for its productions, and many emigrants from New York and New Jersey have sold their farms at $40 to $60 per acre, and purchased here For a short distance on the banks of the Potomac of a quality originally as good, at from $5 to $10; where the railroad commences, the soil yields a and by the use of proper fertilizers, lime, gypsum, natural growth of a variety of trees and shrubs; manures, and a rotation of crops, they are fast bring- and many a large clustering vine gave evidence ing them into a productive state, while receiving an of its capacity to rear the grape to advantage. adequate return for their cultivation. It needs But on emerging from the bank, we soon entered strong inducements, however, to lead the best class upon a soil, which, whether of the lightest sand, of northern farmers to abandon their social privi- an indifferent gravel, or even when inclining to clay, leges at home, in which they have been born and with but slight exceptions, gave support to a natural nurtured, and in which they feel that they have growth of uninterrupted stunted pine and oak; and inherited a right in fee simple, for the privations with little variation, this dwarf pine and oak folto which they are subject here. The only way in lowed us from Acquia Creek to Wilmington. The which these disabilities can at present be measura-bottoms of the Rappahanock, the James, and the bly remedied, is by emigrating in masses, bringing their schools, society, and mechanics with them, as many of the best early emigrants in northern Ohio, and other western settlements, have done. Extensive changes of opinion, as to the future social and industrial relations of the inhabitants of the Southern Middle States, which are evidently in progress, and which, if not arrested by any untoward event, will, ere long, produce such modifications in the present system of labor, as will secure future emigration, and greatly increased prosperity and augmented value to their land.

Appomatox rivers, and for some little distance on either side, were an exception. The two former especially, below Fredericksburg and Richmond, give wide bottoms and some uplands of great fertility; and the inexhaustible beds of marl in their vicinity, owing particularly to the unwearied efforts of that able friend of agriculture, Edmund Ruffin, one of Virginia's best and most useful sons, have of late years been instrumental in resuscitating many of the worn-out lands, and almost invariably increasing fertility wherever it has been applied. Farming, intelligently pursued under this system, As our boat approached Mount Vernon, the is generally profitable. Wheat, corn, tobacco, bell gave token, as if by instinct, that the soil potatoes, and the grasses, are raised in profusion, which occupied the happiest hours of one of earth's and with decided advantage. But in general, the greatest sons, now holds his remains in her bosom. country has a barren aspect, indicating too plainly That inbred nobility of soul which led him to the to admit of dispute, that a soil, originally lean, has achievement of deeds in his social, military, and been exhausted by a careless sy stem of husbandry, civil career, which will commend his name to hal- which has taken everything off without giving back lowed remembrance while civilized man inherits anything in return. If I am asked what is the this globe, equally taught him to regard the culti-remedy, the certain means of restoration and imvation of the earth as the noblest and most useful provement for that broad belt of indifferent land that, occupation of man. And as long as the farmers with few exceptions, lines the seaboard from Maine of the United States continue to read the history to Florida inclusive, I would say, use lime, marl of their country, they will learn that Washington, (another form of lime), and gypsum, wherever they "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts prove useful, and can be procured at such prices as

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