A SHORT RULE. NOTE. The value of 100 lbs. of any article will be just as many dollars as the article is cents a pound. For 100 lb. at 1 cent per lb. 100 cents 1 dollar. 100 lb. of beef at 4 cents a lb. comes to 400 cents=:4 dollars, &c. DIVISION OF WHOLE NUMBERS. SIMPLE DIVISION teaches to find how many times one whole number is contained in another; and also what remains; and is a concise way of performing several subtractions. Four principal parts are to be noticed in Division : 1. The Dividend, or number given to be divided. 2. The Divisor, or number given to divide by. 3. The Quotient, or answer to the question, which shows how many times the divisor is contained in the dividend. 4. The Remainder, which is always less than the divisor, and of the same name with the Dividend. RULE. First, seek how many times the divisor is contained in as many of the left hand figures of the dividend as are just necessary, (that is, find the greatest figure that the divisor can be multiplied by, so as to produce a product that shall not exceed the part of the dividend used) when found, place the figure in the quotient; multiply the divisor by this quotient figure; place the product under that part of the dividend used; then subtract it therefrom, and bring down the next figure of the dividend to the right hand of the remainder; after which, you must seek, multiply and subtract, till you have brought down. every figure of the dividend. Phoor. Multiply the divisor and quotient together and add the remainder if there be any to the product ; if the work be right, the sum will be equal to the dividend.* *Another method which some make use of to prove division is as follows: viz. Add the reraainder and all the products of the several quotient figures multiplied by the divisor together, according to the order in which they stand in the work; and this sum, when the work is right will be equal to the dividend. A third method of proof by excess of nines is as follows, viz. 1. Cast the nines out of the divisor and place the excess on the left band. 2. Do the same with the quotient and place it on the right pand. 3. Multiply these two figures together, and add their product to the remainder, and reject the nines and place the excess at top. 4. Cast the nines out of the dividend and place the excess at bottom. NOTE. If the sum is right the top and bottom figures will be alike Divisor, Div. Quotient. 95)85595(901 736)863256(1172) there remains 664 9. Divide 1893312 by 912. 10. Divide 1893312 by 2076. 11. Divide 47254149 by 4674. Ans. 2076. Ans. 912. Ans. 1011074 12. What is the quotient of 330098048 divided by 4207 ? Ans. 78464. 13. What is the quotient of 761858465 divided by 8465 ? Ans. 90001. 14. How often does 761858465 contain 90001 ? 15. How many times 38473 can you Ans. 8465. have in 1191846:13 P Ans. 3097318. 16. Divide 280208122081 by 912314. Quotient 307140121 MORE EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE. Remainder. 9182 0 234063)590624922(Quotient)83973 987654)988641654( CASE II. When there are cyphers at the right hand of the divisor; cut off the cyphers in the divisor, and the same number of figures from the right hand of the dividend then divide the remaining ones as usual, and to the remainder (if any) annex those figures cut off from the dividend, and will have the true remainder. you EXAMPLES. 1. Divide 4673625 by 21400. 214(00)46756)25(218,8425 true quotient by Restitution. 428.. 393 214 1796 1710 8425 true rem. CASE III. 89000 17642 720000)987654000 Short Division is when the divisor does not exceed 12.1 RULE. Consider how many times the divisor is contained in the first figure or figures of the dividend, put the result under, and carry as many tens to the next figure as there are ones over. Divide every figure in the same manner till the whole is finished. Divisor. Dividend. 2)113415 EXAMPLES. Contractions in Division. When the divisor is such a number, that any two figures in the Table, being multiplied together will produce it, divide the given dividend by one of those figures; the quotient thence arising by the other; and the last quotient will be the answer. NOTE. The total remainder is found by multiplying the last remainder by the first divisor, and adding in the frst remainder. Cut off as many figures from the right hand of the dividend as there are cyphers in the divisor, and these figures so cut off are the remainder; and the other figures of the dividend are the quotient. 2. Divide 5762 by 100. Ans. 36 and 5 remains - - 62 rem. 3. Divide 763753 by 1000. Ans. 763 — 753 rem. SUPPLEMENT TO MULTIPLICATION. To multiply by a mixt number; that is a whole num per joined with a fraction, as 84, 51, 61, &c. RULE. Multiply by the whole number, and take 1, 1, 3, &c. of the Multiplicand, and add it to the product. |