in BOYS' BRIGADES-FOREIGN MONEYS. BOYS' BRIGADES. The Boys' Brigade. Companies are formed connection with churches, missions, and Sunday-schools, and the boys are trained largely by means of military drill and discipline. The total number of boys enrolled in the United Kingdom is 65,000, and their ages vary from 12 to 17. The officers number 6500, and 2200 staff-sergeants. of the Brigade throughout the world is 110,000. The strength Brigade Secretary, Sir Wm. A. Smith, 30, George Square, Glasgow. London Secretary, Mr. Roger S. Peacock, 34, Paternoster Row, E.C. in English (at date of going to press). Revised Foreign Moneys, and Approximate Value by Thos. Cook & Son, Bankers, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. Country. Argentine Austria-Hungary Belgium. Brazil Canada and United Ceylon Cuba " Boy Scouts. A movement initiated and organised by Lieut.-Gen. Sir Robert Baden-Powell, who has given the following description of its objects: "To help the boys of whatever class to become 'all-round' 'character,' and to make them capable of lookmen, to give them ing after themselves in whatever circumstances they are placed. The method of the movement is the education of the boys by means which really appeal to them-namely, scoutcraft, or backwoodsmanship, and its manly attributes. Chili The administration is based on decentralisation China of authority and responsibility-each district conducting its own affairs, under the administrative guidance of the Headquarters." The movement has been subjected to some criticism, principally on the ground of its tendency to militarism. On this point Sir R. Baden-Powell says: "I can only repeat what is fully explained in our handbook-viz. 'Scouting has not, necessarily, anything to do with soldiering.' Under our principle of decentralisation it is permissible for scoutmasters to specialise in any particular aspects of scouting that they may select, such as ambulance, woodcraft, seamanship, marksmanship, or any other item. But this must not lead people to suppose that the aim of the movement is solely to make boys proficient in any one particular subject, or that one branch should be taken up to the exclusion of all the others, or that that branch is soldiering. As regards religion, the movement is purely undenominational, and is not connected with any one church or school of thought. Its general intention is to endeavour, without interfering with the spiritual training or form of religious observance already given to the boys by their parents or pastors, to make them good citizens and upright men, and to teach them to put their religion, of whatever form it may be, into practice in their everyday life." Secretary, J. Archibald Kyle. Headquarters, 112-118, Victoria Street, S.W. The Church Lads' Brigade. Founded in 1891, in order to promote a spirit of discipline and respect among the elder lads of a parish. It combines strict discipline with systematic religious education. Sec., W. M. Gee, Aldwych House, Catherine Street, Aldwych, W.C. Church Scout Patrols, incorporated. It has frankly borrowed what seemed to be the best features of the Boy Scouts. But the I.C.S.P. stands from the start as a definitely Church organisation, under the control of the accredited authorities of the Church. It does hesitate to avow as its objects the teaching of boys the habit of prayer and public worship with participation in the Sacraments, as well as the lessons of discipline and self-content. Vice-Presidents, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, Commandant, Field-Marshal Lord Grenfell, G.C.B., GC.M.G., Aldwych House, Catherine Street, Aldwych, London, W.C. not Finland Germany " Greece I Straits Settlements (Local currency) Dollar (gold). Piastre 50 Piastre (gold piastres) Markka (100 Mark (100 pfennig) o 11 20 Mark (gold) leptá) (100 1 Gulden of cents. 100 British Dollar (sil ver) Rupee (silver) esimi). 100 Sen-1 Yen 19 0240 20 ONO Dinar (100 paras) 0 92 Peseta (100 cente- 2 4 Franc (100 cents). Piastre. Turkish piastres) Peso (gold) 4 2 where gold is at a premium and silver and Exchange fluctuates considerably in countries paper form the currency in general circulation. Royal Humane Society. Secretary, Major F. A. C. Claughton, 4, Trafalgar Square, W.Č, PRINCIPAL POST-OFFICE CHARGES. Inland Letter Post. Not exceeding 4 oz., id.; for every additional 2 oz., d. Halfpenny Post (Inland). Limit of weight, 2 oz. Foreign and Colonial. Letters to British Possessions generally to Egypt, the United States of America, British Postal Agencies in Morocco, and to H.M. ships of war serving abroad, id. oz. To all other places, 24d. for the first oz., and ind. for each additional oz. Printed and Commercial Papers, and Samples. Per 2 oz., d.; minimum for Commercial Papers, 2d., and for Samples, id. Parcel Post (Inland). Poundage. d. Telegrams (Inland): 6d. for first 12 words, and d. for each additional word. Postal Orders. Amount of Order. 6d., 18., 18. 6d., 25., or 2s. 6d. 38., 38. Ed., 48., 48. 6d., 55., 5s. 6d., 6s., 6s. 6d., 75., 75. 6d., 8s., 8s. 6d., 9s., 9s. 6d., 10s., 10s. 6d., 11., 118. 6d., 125, 128. 6d., 138., 139.6d., 145., 14s. 6d., or 15s. 15s. 6d., 165., 16s. 6d., 178., 178. 6d., id. Inland Ordinary: For sums not over £1, 2d.; £3, 3d.; £10, 4d.; £20, 6d. ; £30, 8d.; £40, 10d. Inland Telegraph: Poundage at the same rate as for Ordinary Inland Money Orders, plus supplementary fee of ad. and cost of official Telegram of Advice. Foreign and Colonial Ordinary: For sums not over 1, 3d.; £2, 6d. ; £4, 9d.; £6, 1s.; £8, 15. 3d. 10, 18. 6d.; and, for countries on which Orders may be issued for more than £10, 3d. for every additional £2 or portion of £2. Foreign Telegraph: Poundage at same rate as for Ordinary Foreign Money Orders, plus supplementary fee of 6d. and cost of official Telegram of Advice. Canadian Magazine Post. Newspapers and magazines registered for the purpose, and posted in covers open at both ends, id. a lb. Wireless telegrams may be despatched from any postal telegraph office via Caistor-on-Sea, North Foreland, Niton, Bolt Head, Lizard, Seaforth, Rosslare, Crookhaven, or Malin Head, to any vessel fitted with the necessary receiving apparatus when within a distance of about 100 miles from the radio-station. The inclusive charge is 8d. a word via Bolt Head, and 10d. a word via the other stations. Long distance communication can be established with certain ships by the Marconi stations at Clifden and Poldhau, but all long-distance messages must be sent through the offices of the Marconi Company, Watergate House, York Buildings, Adelphi, W.C. From a report by Dr. Rose on the life and wear of the country's silver coins, it appears that sixpences live the shortest life and return to the Mint in the worst condition. The ages at which the silver coins reach the stage of illegibility are shown in the following table: Half-crowns Florins Shillings Sixpences Threepences 64 66 years. 45'41 41.61 28.22 32 76 39 Rt. Hon. W. Ellison Macartney. Great Britain, Spain, Bel {Great S Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Cape Colony, Transvaal, Japan, Philippines. South Australia. Victoria, Queensland, New New Zealand. The United States and Canada since 1883 have been divided into five territories by meridians 6710, 8240, 971°, 1121°, in which the times are 4h, sh, 6h, 7h, and 8h, slow on Greenwich, and are known respectively as maritime, New York, central, mountain, and Pacific. France objects to Greenwich time merely because it is Green. wich. However, a bill has passed the Chamber of Deputies, but not yet the Senate, to legalise "Paris time diminished by 9m. 21sec."-i.e. Greenwich time. Ireland again uses Dublin time, or 25m. slow on Greenwich time; but the telegraph service and the villages in Kerry, where the Atlantic cables land, use Greenwich time. I decigramme (% gramme) = 15432 grains. I decagramme (10 grammes) = 0°3527 o1nce. I myriagramme (10,000 grammes) pounds. = I quintal (100,000 grammes) = 220'46 pounds. I millier or tonneau (1,000,000 grammes= 2,204'6 pounds. Liquid Measure. 4 gills = 1 pint. 2 pints=1 quart. 4 quarts = 1 gallon. 36 gallons = 1 barrel. 1 barrels = 1 hogshead. 2 hogsheads (108 gallons) Millilitre (robo litre) = 0'27 fluid dram. = 1 butt. Centilitre (a litre) = 0'338 fluid ounce. Decilitre (litre) = 0.845 gill. Litre 1'0567 quarts. Decalitre (10 litres) = 2 6417 gallons. Hectolitre (10 litres) = 26°417 gallons. Kilolitre (1,000 litres) = 264'17 gallons. Apothecaries' Weight. 20 grains = 1 scruple. 3 scruples (60 grains) = 1 drachm. The Apothecaries ounce and pound are obsolete. The use of the scruple and drachm is almost exclusively limited to medical prescriptions. Apothecaries' Liquid Measure. 60 minims = 1 fluid drachm (or “teaspoonful.") Measures of Length. I fathom = 6 feet. I surveyor's chain = 22 yards. I nautical or geographical mile = 6,080 feet. 1 millimetre (os metre) = o'0394 inch. I decametre (10 metres) = 393 7 inches. 1 hectometre (100 metres) = 328 feet 1 inch. 1 kilometre (1,000 metres) = o'62137 mile (3,280 feet 10 inches). I myriametre (10,000 metres) = 6 2137 miles. Surface Measure. 144 square inches = 1 square foot. I square chain = 16 rods. 4 roods = 10 chains = 4,840 yards = 1 acre. I centare (1 square metre)=1,550 square inches. I are (100 square metres) = 119'6 square yards. 1 hectare (10,000 square metres) = 2'471 acres. Miscellaneous Weights and Measures. 3 new pennies 5 new halfpennies weigh 1 ounce. 10 new farthings There are 48 pennies, 80 halfpennies, or 16 farthings to the pound avoirdupois. Five shillings' worth of Imperial silver coinage, as it comes from the mint, weighs 1'2 grains less than an ounce. A sovereign's worth of silver, of any or every denomination, constitutes therefore a safe balance for the penny post. The halfpenny is one inch in diameter. The Metric System. The compulsory adoption throughout the British Empire of the Metric Weights and Measures is advocated by the Decimal Association. At present the use of the metric system is legalised for all purposes. A Weights and Measures (Metric System) Bill was passed by the House of Lords, May 17th, 1904, and a similar Bill was rejected by the House of Commons in March 1907 by the narrow majority of 32 votes. In August 1910 the House of Representative of the Commonwealth of Australia passed a resolution by of the metric system and of a decimal system of 35 votes to 2 pledging the Commonwealth to coinage throughout the Empire, and, failing urge at the Imperial Conference the adoption the favourable consideration of the Imperial the Mother-country. Secretary of the Decimal Government of this request, to promote legislation themselves without further reference to Association, Mr. Edward Johnson. Offices, Finsbury Court, Finsbury Pavement, E.C.The British Weights and Measures Association was established in 1904 for the purpose of opposing the introduction of the metre or any of its derivatives into the British Empire, and for so adjusting and simplifying British Imperial Weights and Measures as to obtain all the advantages the metric system gives and some others not given by it. Secretary, Mr. Geo. Moores, F.S.S. Offices: (International) 98, Cannon Street, London, E.C.; (for United Kingdom) 46A, Market Street, Manchester. The Ordnance Survey is a department under the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries for the preparation of maps and plans of the United Kingdom, which are issued on various scales. The Survey was transferred from Army Funds to Civil Votes by the Survey Act 1870. The survey has always been organised upon a military basis, and carried out under military superintendence by officers selected chased from accredited agents in the chief towns from the Royal Engineers. Maps can be purseller. The offices of the Director-General of of the United Kingdom, and through any bookthe Ordnance Survey are at Southampton, and there are several divisional offices. H.M. KING EDWARD VII., b. Nov. 9, 1841; succeeded to the Throne Abdy, Sir William, and Bart. (Aug. 9), 66 Agnew, Sir William, Bart., head of the firm of Allen, Sir Charles G. H., Chief Secretary to the Amherst, William Archer, 3rd Earl, Crimean Aubrey-Fletcher, Sir Henry, 4th Bart., M.P. (U.) Sussex (Lewes Div.) since '85 (May 19), 74 Avonmore, A. W. V., 6th Viscount (Sept. 5), 43 Baker, George, "father" of the Birmingham Bartley, Sir George C. T., K.C.B., M.P. (C.) Bavaria, Duke Charles Theodore in; after 70 Baxter, Rev. M. P., proprietor and editor of Benham, Rev. William, D.D., Rector of St. Bidewell, S., F.R.S., D.Sc., distinguished Blackwell, Elizabeth, M.D., the first woman Blake, F. W., M.D., Deputy Inspector of Blunt, Right Rev. R. F. L., D.D., Bishop- Bodelschwingh, F. von, founder of labour Bousfield, Sir William, educationist and philan- Bower, Lieut.-Col. J., "the oldest British Boyes, Vice-Admiral Sir George, K.C.B., Boylan, Most Rev. Andrew, Roman Catholic Bright, W. L., 2nd son of John Bright; M.P. Bristow, Very Rev. John, Dean of Connor (Dec. 'og), 78 Britten, Rear-Admiral Richard F. (Feb. 3), 66 Brooke-Hunt, Violet, organiser of soldiers' white Buckley, Sir Edmund, 1st Bart., M.P. (C.) for 75 Bulwer, Brigadier-General W. E. G. L., C.B., Cahill, Right Rev. J. B., Roman Catholic Bishop Cannizaro, Prof. S., eminent Italian chemist OBITUARY. Carden, Lieut.-Col. Sir Frederick W., 2nd Bart. Carteighe, Michael, President Pharmaceutical Chatterton, Right Hon. H. E., Attorney- Cheadle, W. B., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.G.S., Chulalongkorn I., King of Siam since '68 (Oct. Churchill, Vice-Admiral Orford (Dec. 1, '09), 67 Clark, Sir John F., 2nd Bart. (April 13), 88 Clerk-Rattray, Lieut.-Gen. Sir James, K.C.B., Cobbold, F. T., M.P. (L.) Ipswich 1906-9 (Dec. 6, Colam, John, for 45 years secretary of the Colonne, E., well-known French concert-director Colquhoun, Sir Alan J., K.C.B., 6th Bart. (March Condor, Col. C. R., Royal Engineers, well Corbett, T. L., M.P. (U.) for North Down since Cornwall, Hon. C. F., at one time Lieut. Cox, Harry W., electrician; after many years' Curran, Peter Francis (Pete), M.P. (Lab.) for Cusack, Sir Ralph S., Chairman Midland Railway Company of Ireland '66-1904 (March), 87 Darley, Right Hon. Sir Frederick M., P.C., G.C.M.G., Chief Justice of New South Wales (Jan. 4), 79 Davies, Rev. Charles Maurice, D.D., scholar Dawes, the Right Rev. Nathaniel, 1st Bishop of Dawnay, Lieut.-Col. the Hon. L. P., M.P. for Dean, B., Mayor of Walsall 1905; a well-known Decies, William Marcus de la Poer Horsley- Delisle, Leopold, French scholar and bibliophile Des Voeux, Sir William, G.C.M.G., Adminis Dibdin, Charles, secretary of the Royal National Douglas, Lieut.-Col. C. M., V.C., Army surgeon Douglas, Admiral R. G., A.D.C. to Queen Dowden, Right Rev. John, D.D., Bishop of Drew, Rev. H., Rector of Hawarden and Canon Drew, Sir Thomas, architect; President Royal Drummond, Sir George Alexander, K.C.M.G., Dunant, Henri, founder of the International Maori insurrection '63; secretary to Mr. Isaac Dutt, Romesh Chunder, C.I.E., Prime Minister Eames, Sir William, K.C.B., Chief Inspector of Earp, Thomas, M.P. for Newark '74-85 (Feb. 17), 79 Egmont, Sir Augustus A. P., 8th Earl of, at one Eliott, Sir William, 8th Bart. (April 6), 83 |