Ch. X.

Ir has been observed already, and must needs be obvious to all, that Adjectives, as marking Attributes, can have no sex(c). And yet their having terminations conformable to the sex, number, and case of their Substantive, seems to have led grammarians into that strange absurdity of ranging them with Nouns, and separating them from Verbs, tho' with respect to these they are perfectly homogeneous; with respect to the others, quite contrary. They are homogeneous with respect to Verbs, as both sorts denote Attributes; they are heterogeneous with respect to Nouns, as never properly denoting Substances.But of this we have spoken before.

THE Attributives hitherto treated, that is to say, VERBS, PARTICIPLES,

and

(c) Sup. p. 171.

(4) Sup. C. VI. Note (a). See also C. III. p. 28, &c.

and ADJECTIVES,may be called ATTRI- Ch. X. BUTIVES OF THE FIRST ORDER. The reason of this name will be better understood, when we have more fully discussed ATTRIBUTIVES OF THE SECOND ORDER, to which we now proceed in the following chapter.

CHAP.

CHAP. XI.

Concerning Attributives of the second
Order.

Ch. XI. As the Attributives hitherto mentioned denote the Attributes of Substances, so there is an inferior class of them, which denote the Attributes only of At

tributes.

To explain by examples in either kind-when we say, Cicero and Pliny were both of them eloquent; Statius and Virgil both of them wrote; in these instances the Attributives eloquent, and wrote, are immediately referable to the substantives, Cicero, Virgil, &c. As therefore denoting THE ATTRIBUTES OF SUBSTANCES, we call them ATTRIBUTIVES OF THE FIRST ORDER. But when we say Pliny was moderately eloquent, but Cicero exceedingly eloquent; Statius wrote indifferently, but Virgil

wrote

!

wrote admirably; in these instances, the Ch. XI. Attributives, Moderately, Exceedingly, Indifferently, Admirably, are not referable to Substantives, but to other Attributives, that is, to the words, Eloquent and Wrote. As therefore denoting Attributes of Attributes, we call them ATTRIBU

TIVES OF THE SECOND ORDER.

、,

GRAMMARIANS have given them the Name of 'Exippuτα, ADVERBIA,, ADVERBS. And indeed if we take the word 'Pua, or Verb, in its most comprehensive Signification, as including not only Verbs properly so called, but also Participles and Adjectives [an usage, which may be justified by the best authorities we shall find the name, Exippyμce,

(a) Thus Aristotle in his Treatise de Interpretatione, instances "Avegwños as a Noun, and Axxos as a Verb. So Ammonius κατὰ τῦτο τὸ σημαινόμενον, τὸ μὲν ΚΑΛΟΣ κα ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα—ῬΗΜΑΤΑ λέγεσθαι καὶ ἐκ ΟΝΟMATA. According to this Signification (that is of denoting the Attributes of Substance and the Predicate

Ch. XI. that Intention and Remission are among

the Attributes of such Attributes.Hence then one copious Source of secondary Attributives, or Adverbs, to denote these two, that is, Intension and Remission. The Greeks have their 9xvμαςῶς μάλιςα, πάνυ, ἥκιςα; the Latins their valdè, vehementer, maximè, satis, mediocriter; the English their greatly, vastly, extremely, sufficiently, moderately, tolerably, indifferently, &c.

FARTHER than this, where there are different Intensions of the same Attribute, they may be compared together. Thus if the Garment A be EXCEEDINGLY White, and the Garment B be мoDERATELY White, we may say, the Garment A is MORE white than the Garment B.

IN these Instances the Adverb MORE not only denotes Intension, but relative Intension. Nay we stop not here. We not only denote Intension merely rela

tive