to produce revenue enough to pay for enlargements, extensions and betterments of the works, in addition to the running expenses, the interest on all bonds issued or hereafter issued and outstanding for water works purposes, and costs of all repairs of the works. It shall not be lawful to either charge or collect for water furnished or used for City purposes or to or by any department or official of the City in discharge of their official duties, and such departments and officials shall have the right to take and use such water without cost at all times, subject only to such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by ordinance or by the Board of Public Works.

ARTICLE XIII.

Light, Heat, Gas and Electric Works-Construction and Operation of.

SECTION I. The city shall have power to construct and operate gas works or electric light works, or any other kind of works for the purpose of lighting streets and public buildings and premises and property of private persons, and for the purpose of heating public buildings and premises, and premises and property of private persons, and also to purchase any kind of such works heretofore or hereafter erected, and to operate the same for such purposes.

SEC. 2. Whenever the city may become the owner, in any way, of works specified in the preceding section, or engage in the construction or operation thereof, the same, except the collection of revenue therefrom, shall be under the control and management of the Board of Public Works. Said Board shall establish a department of lighting and heating and shall appoint a superintendent of lighting and heating, who shall be the head thereof and shall have the sole executive control of said department, subject to the rules and regulations prescribed by the Board, and shall hold his position at the pleasure of the Board, who shall fix his compensation. He shall perform such duties in connection with all of the work of said department, except the collection of the revenue derived therefrom, not inconsistent with the provisions of this charter, as may be prescribed by ordinance. He shall appoint and discharge such persons as may be necessary for the conduct and efficient operation of such work, and the number and compensation of such persons. shall be provided by ordinance, and subject to the civil service rules and regulations contained in or provided for by this charter. He shall possess such knowledge of the science of lighting and heating and the management of light and heat works, and of the construction, operation and management thereof and of business affairs as shall fully qualify him for the discharge of his duties.

SEC. 3. Whenever the city shall become the owner of works specified in the first section of this article, the Board of Public Works shall take charge of the same and all appurtenances thereto belonging, and shall cause the superintendent of light and heat to enforce performance of all contracts to do work in that regard, and said Board shall have the custody and charge of all books, property and assets belonging and appertaining to any and all such works.

SEC. 4. The doing of all work and the furnishing of all materials and supplies for any such work shall be let out by the Board of Public Works in the same manner as any other public work, except in cases where it is not practicable to do such work or furnish such material by contract; and all contracts shall be submitted to the lower house of the common council for approval.

SEC. 5.

The city may by ordinance prescribe the manner of using gas or other means of lighting, and the manner of using heat, and the rates and prices to be paid therefor, and may, from time to time, make alterations in such rates or prices, which shall always be fixed on the principle or consideration of producing revenue, and shall be, as nearly as practicable, uniform; and all exceptional discriminations in rates or prices are forbidden. All revenue and income from any works specified in the first section of this article, owned and operated by the city, shall be used only to pay for such works and extensions, enlargements and repairs thereof, and to pay debt, if any, contracted on account thereof, including interest, and to pay all running expenses and salaries of subordinates connected with such works. If any revenue remain after paying such running expenses, interest and cost of repair, enlargement and extension, the same shall constitute a sinking fund to meet the principal of any debt on account of any such works.

SEC. 6. The collection of rates for lighting and heating as hereinbefore contemplated shall be under the control and supervision of the city treasurer and he shall collect said rates pursuant to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by ordinance not inconsistent with the provisions of this charter, and shall be responsible for the money so collected, in the same manner and to the same extent as in the collection of other revenue of the city. He shall have authority to appoint such clerks and assistants to enable him properly to discharge said duties as may be authorized by ordinance, and said appointments shall

be made by him subject to the civil service laws contained in this charter and the rules and regulations made pursuant thereto. It shall be his duty to collect the revenue due or becoming due to the city for light and heat or accruing to the city on account of any such works, in virtue of any law or ordinance. He shall, within the first six days of each month, furnish the comptroller a full and complete statement of all collections made by him during the preceding month. The council shall have power to pass all ordinances necessary to carry into effect the provisions of this article.

SEC. 7. The city shall not purchase nor construct any works specified in the first section of this article without the assent of two-thirds of the voters of the city voting at an election to be held for that purpose. The city shall not become indebted for any such works by purchase or construction thereof, beyond the amount of money actually collected and in the city treasury and appropriated for such purpose, by the issue of bonds or in any other manner, without the assent of two-thirds of the voters of the city voting at an election to be held for that purpose; and provided further, that in the event of the incurring of any such indebtedness the city shall levy and collect a tax sufficient to pay the interest on such indebtedness as it falls due, and also to constitute a sinking fund for the payment of the principal thereof within twenty years from the time of contracting the same; and provided further, that all such bonds and evidences of indebtedness shall be made payable within twenty years from the time of contracting the indebtedness, and shall bear interest at a rate not exceeding six per cent. per annum, which may be payable annually or semi-annually. Such bonds may be used to pay the indebtedness on account of which the same may be issued at not less than par, or to borrow or raise the money for the purpose of making such payment, but shall, in no event, be sold or disposed of at less than par. Propositions to purchase or construct any works specified in the first section of this article and to issue bonds to enable the city to make such purchase or construct any such works, may be submitted at the same time and at the same election to the voters of the city. The form of submitting any such proposition and voting thereon, the holding of an election, and the ascertaining and declaring of the result of the same, the issue and disposal of such bonds, and the levy and collection of the annual. tax to pay interest on such indebtedness, and to constitute a sinking fund for payment thereof, and the handling and use of such sinking fund, shall all be done, under the provisions of this

charter, as may be provided by ordinance, and subject to all laws of the state.

SEC. 8: All the bonds issued by the city under or pursuant to this article shall be in denominations of not less than one hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars each payable to bearer in not less than five, nor more than twenty years, from the date thereof, with interest from date, not exceeding five per cent per annum, payable semi-annually, and shall have interest coupons attached to conform to the face of the bonds, and such bonds shall be under the seal of the city, signed by the mayor, attested by the city clerk, countersigned by the city comptroller, and in all respects shall be in such form, and issued and sold in such manner as may be prescribed by ordinance.

The city shall, before or at the time of issuing such bonds, provide for the collection of an annual tax sufficient to pay the interest on the bonds as it falls due, and also to constitute a sinking fund for the payment of the principal thereof at maturity.

SEC. 9. The city may grant to any person or corporation the right or franchise to conduct the material or means for lighting or heating, or both lighting and heating, from any kind of works specified in the first section of this article, under or along or over any of the streets, avenues, alleys or public highways, or public grounds of the city for the purpose of lighting streets, avenues, alleys and public highways of the city and public buildings and private premises; and for heating such buildings and premises; but no franchise or grant for any such purpose shall confer an exclusive right; nor be made for a longer period than thirty years, nor be renewed nor extended except within the last two years of such term, and then not beyond thirty years; Provided, that no such person or corporation shall in any event charge more for light or heat for the city or private parties than the price specified from time to time by ordinance of the city, and that the city shall also have power to regulate and fix from time to time the prices such person or company may charge for the renting of meters or apparatus for ascertaining the quantity of material or means consumed for lighting and heating, or both; and, Provided, further, that the city shall not, in making the original grant, nor in any manner subsequent thereto, ever agree or bind itself to pay any fixed price for lighting streets, avenues, public highways, alleys, public grounds or public buildings of the city or for heating such buildings for a longer period than one year at a time. In case of any such grant to a person or corporation the