pp. 209-11. For a satisfactory discussion of the duello in general, see W. S. Johnson's edition of The Devil is an Ass, Introduction, pp. liv—lxiii.

3. 3. 54. Boy o' the Sword. According the NED., boy was used in various connections, indicating a member of a fraternity or band; Roaring Boys were riotous fellows of the time of Elizabeth and James I.

3. 3. 57. The first foot is monosyllabic.

As they are | by pres | ent dé | position

3. 3. 61. a Beaver. Beaver hats were very costly and were worn by women as well as men ; cf. The Magnetic Lady 5.2. 18:

You shall have a new, brave, foure-pound Beaver hat,
Set with enamell'd studs, as mire is here.

Pepys (Diary 2. 56) says: This day Mr. Holden sent me a bever, which cost me £4 5s.'-NED.

3.3.83. the huge great Porter. William Evans, the porter to James I; he was seven feet and a half in height; . . . but he was what the Latines call compernis, knocking his knees together, and going out squalling with his feet, but also halted a little, yet made a shift to dance in an Antimasque at court, where he drew little Jeffry (Hudson) out of his pocket, first to the wonder, and then to the laughter of the beholders.'-G. The same person is probably alluded to in A Tale of A Tub (Wks. 6. 179):

I had crack'd all their costards,

As nimbly as a squirrel will crack nuts.
And flourished like to Hercules the porter
Among the pages.

3.3.93. In furnishing your feare with matter first,

If you have any.

In furnishing you honorable grounds for avoiding a fight if you fear to enter it.

3. 3. 118. For metre, see note on 1. 2. 47.

For shadowes have | their fig | ure, mó | tion

3. 3. 127. silken phrase. For the use of silken as 'soft, flattering,' see Loves Labors Lost 5. 2. 406: 'Taffeta phrases, silken terms precise.'-NED.

3.3. 128-9. He'l... Law. 'Jonson alludes to the famous Petition of Right, which was long in agitation, and which, after being eagerly debated in both houses of parliament, received the royal assent in June 1628.'-G.

3. 4. 2. There set him downe. Bow him, yet bow him more. 'In Jonson's time there was great faith placed in this mode of treatment. In Richard Brome's Sparagus Garden (vol. iii, p. 127) we find :

Fris. Oh me! why, mistris, look up, look up, I say.
Reb. Clap her cheek, rub her nose!

Fris. Sprinkle cold water on her face!

Reb. Cut her lace! cut her lace! And bow her forward, so, so, so!

And Beaumont and Fletcher in the Maid's Tragedy:

I've heard if there be any life, but bow
The body thus, and it will shew itself.

Soo, too, Massinger, in the Duke of Milan (vol. i, p. 277), when Marcelia swoons, makes Francisco say:

What have I done?

Madam! for heaven's sake, Madam! O my fate,
I'll bend her body.'-C.

3.4.7. The verse is metrically irregular.

Pinch him in the nape of the neck now: | nip him, | níp him.

3.4.9. The monosyllable, gone, because of emphatic meaning, may be pronounced as a disyllable (Abbott, § 481). Tell him the Cap | taines go | en. Ha! | He's gone Sir.

II.

3. 4. 11. The interjection and short interrogative sentence make metrical arrangement difficult; the following one-verse scansion may be admissible:

O! How doe you feele | your selfe? | Sore, sore. | But where?

3. 4. 17. hee did feele no more Then a great horse. Horse, fig. Applied contemptuously or playfully to a man, with reference to various qualities of the quadruped.' Cf. 1606. Shaks. Troilus and Cressida 3. 3. 126: The unknowne Aiax; Heavens what a man is there? a very Horse, That has he knowes not what.'-NED.

3.4.22-5. Doctors... win. Cf. Chaucer, Prologue 425-8: Ful redy hadde he his apothecaries,

To sende him drogges and his letuaries,
For ech of hem made other for to winne;
Hir frendschipe nas nat newe to beginne.

As Professor Cook observes, now in line 23 should read new, since Jonson is quoting Chaucer. As the folio edition of Chaucer (1602) has the form new, the mistake must have been made by the printers of the first edition of this play.

3.4.23-6. who... bands. Whose friendship is of long standing. They could teach each other how to get gain when they were babies in swaddling clothes.

3. 4. 27. Your Chawcers clouts, and wash your dishes with 'hem. The term clout is suggested by swath bands of the line before. The doctor contrives to dismiss Polish, wittily using terms her quotation suggests.

3. 4. 32. a Pursinesse, .. or tumor o' the Purse. Cf. Earle's Microcosmography (pub. 1628), A Mere Dull Physician, in Morley's Character Writing, p. 162: If he have leisure to be idle (that is to study), he has a smatch at alchemy, and is sick of the philosopher's stone; a disease uncurable, but by an abundant phlebotomy of the purse.'

3.4.41. chiragra, A kind of Crampe, or Hand-Gout. Jonson used this expression in The Devil is an Ass (Wks. 5. 78): But now, sir,

My learned counsel, they must have a feeling,
They'll part, sir, with no books, without the hand-gout
Be oil'd: and I must furnish.

Cf. also Overbury's Characters (ed. Morley, p. 63): 'His liberality can never be said to be gouty-handed.'

3.4.45. Sweat, Purge, and Phlebotomy. These were the chief methods used in the cure of sickness or indisposition. Burton, Anat. of Mel. 1. 271-2, enumerates the conditions which are benefited by these means. For a humorous satire on the excess to which the practise of phlebotomy was carried at one time by physicians, see Le Sage's Gil Blas, Bk. 2, chaps. 3—5.

3.4.57. the tother. This is a survival of the early ME. form; the t of the first word being added to the second; thet other becomes the tother.

The reader will be

3. 4. 60. From the King's-head. pleased to learn that this tavern stood in New-Fish street: it was, as our old writers affirm, "haunted by roysters," so that the wine drank there was unquestionably of the very first quality.-G. 'Kings' Head Court, Fish Street Hill, to Pudding Lane, marks the site of the famous old King's Head Tavern, "where Roysters did range."'-Wheatley and Cunningham, London Past and Present 2. 344.

3. 4. 62. E mute may be pronounced (Abbott, § 487). That is my course | with all | my Pá | tients.

3.4.63. Secundum Artem. According to the rules of art. 3. 4. 64. pro captu recipientis. For the pleasing of the recipient.

3. 4. 64. R often softens a preceding unaccented vowel (Abbott, § 464).

And very safe | pro captu | recip | ien tis

3.4.66-9. I... malady. The rabbi was no more serious, apparently, than Dr. Rut; his main concern, we may infer, was to drink the sweetened white wine.

3. 4. 68. For metre, see notes on 3. 4. 64; 1. 1. 81. With sugar and by | the resi | dence i' | the bot tome,

3.5. 21. the Politiques. See Glossary. In 1602, the combined remonstrances of the church and the magistrates

M

extorted from the king of France an edict condemning to death whoever should give or accept a challenge or act as second. But public opinion was revolted by such rigour, and the statute remained a dead letter. During the reign of James I duels appear to have been frequent, and were resorted to, not only by the upper classes, but amongst the lower orders. This appears from a speech of Bacon, when attorney-general, in the case of a challenge brought before the Star Chamber Court. Bacon therein attributes the frequency of the practice to the rooted prejudice of the times, and hopes that the great would think it time to leave off the custom, when they find it adopted by barber-surgeons and butchers. ..." I will prosecute," he says, if any man appoint the field, though no fight takes place; if any man send a challenge in writing or verbally; if any man accept a challenge, or consent to be a second; if any man depart the realm in order to fight; if any man revive a quarrel after the late proclamation."-Millingen, History of Duelling, 2.9.

3.5. 26-37. In... thing. The duel of honor flourished in France. 'Duelling is a special development of chivalry, and chivalry is one of the phases of the protective spirit which was predominant in France up to the time of the Revolution. Add to this the keen sense of personal honour, the susceptibility and the pugnacity which distinguish the French race. Montaigne, when touching on this subject in his essays, says, "Put three Frenchmen together on the plains of Libya, and they will not be a month in company without scratching one another's eyes out." The third chapter of d'Audiguier's Ancien usage des duels is headed, "Pourquoi les seuls Français se battent en duel." English literature abounds with allusions to this characteristic of the French nation. Lord Herbert of Cherbury, who was ambassador at the court of Louis XIII., says, “There is scarce a Frenchman worth looking on who has not killed his man in a duel."'-Encycl. Brit., For full information about the vogue of dueling in France, see Millingen, The History of Duelling, Vol. 1.

3.5. 36. For metre, see notes on 3. 4. 64; 3. 3. 43.