A. Bosworth, M.D., New York; Diseases of the Trachea and Bronchial Tubes, by Sir Thomas Grainger Stewart, M.D., and George Alexander Gibson, M.D., Edinburg; Diseases of the Lungs, by Winslow Anderson, M. D., San Francisco.

These treatises follow the high standard already set by the preceding numbers of this admirable work, and will therefore fully meet the expectations of the subscribers. Under diseases of the nose, rhinitis, rhinoscopy, epistaxis, tumors, anosmia, foreign bodies and nasal syphilis are the principal diseases treated. Diseases of the accessory nasal passages are in their order of frequency maxillary, ethmoidal, frontal, spenoidal. In the first the preferable site for opening the antrum seems to be in the canine fossa just above the alveolar border, and in all cases the use of the probe, curette and syringe is the best and surest treatment. Catarrh, fibrous polypi, syphilis, abscesses, tumors and malformations are discussed under diseases of the pharynx. In the diseases of the ear Dr. Buck recommends nitrate of silver as preëminently the first of all aural remedies with chromic and nitric acids and peroxide of hydrogen as the remedies of secondary value. The many and various diseases of the larnyx are concisely dealt with by the author of this section of the work; the principles of the laryngoscope are clearly shown, and the various instruments with methods of operation are accurately described. Diseases of the trachea and bronchial tubes are thoroughly treated with a particularly large chapter devoted to asthma. Of all internal remedies for the latter, potassium iodide has proved to be the most serviceable. Diseases of the lungs excluding croupous pneumonia and tuberculosis, is the last subject considered and is like the rest of the volume-clear, brief and to the point.

Urinary Surgery. An Epitome of Modern Surgical Progress. By E. Henry Fenwick, F.R.C.S. Eng. John Wright & Co., Publishers, Bristol, England.

This book follows the excellent plan of publishing simply an epitome of the most recent literature upon the department of surgery it treats upon. This includes complete statistics of all operations upon the urinary organs. These statistics show with reference to stone in the bladder that the operation of litholopaxy in children is by far the most successful operation, and only in cases of large stones is supra-pubic cystotomy found to be necessary; in middle life ordinary cases also follow litholopaxy with best results, and only in cases of foreign bodies-glass, pins, pencils or large stones-is the knife either by the perineal or supra-pubic route demanded; in old age the more radical cut

ting method is to be preferred usually. Technique of modern operations is thoroughly discussed and the use of the cystoscope earnestly recommended to supercede digital exploration as a means of diagnosis. In diseases of the urethra cocaine is not recommended on account of the frequent fatal character of the sensory irritations, producing convulsions and death.

Text Book of General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy. By Richard Thoma, Professor of General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy in the University of Dorpat. Translated by Alexander Bruce, M.A., M.D., etc., Lecturer on Pathology, Surgeons' Hall, Edinburgh, etc. London: Adam and Charles

Black. 1896.

This work, which was published two years ago in Germany, is now obtainable in England by means of Dr. Bruce's excellent translation. It is the result of the author's study for more than twenty years upon the branches treated. And added to the usual description of pathological conditions and their causes there are the results of the author's own investigations. Thus the mechanical conditions which govern pathological processes are much more fully described than is usually the case and the disturbances in the circulation of the blood is minutely entered into. Under Infections not only are the bacteria of various kinds. described but also the yeast fungi, the protozoa, etc., briefly. Malformations are more fully entered into than is usually the The whole work is well illustrated and includes 620 pages. It is pronounced by Dr. White, Professor of Pathology in the Yale Medical School, as one of the best works on General Pathology which he has seen.

case.

Voice Building and Tone Placing. By H. Holbrook Curtis, Ph. B., M.D. New York: D. Appleton & Co.

We cannot say too much in praise of this little work. It is clear, concise and thoroughly scientific in all its details. The work is the result of the author's experience as a specialist to most of our leading artists, and its pages contain points valuable on account of this. The action of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the larynx in the production of the voice are elaborately shown, some of the theories being propounded for the first time. In respiration the author recommends for singers what is known as the inferior intercostal with a high fixed chest and retracted abdomen, the mode employed generally by the best singers. The difficult subject of tones and overtones is rendered clear and comprehensible by profuse diagrams. The

chapter on Voice Building is extensive and contains many exercises designated to build the voice or relieve strained vocal apparatus.

Genito-urinary Diseases. By Ogilvie Will, M.D., C.M., T.R.S.E. Published by the Scientific Press, London, England.

This book is a compilation of the author's lectures on this subject, delivered in the Aberdeen Royal Infirmary. It is plain and practical throughout, but there are no new methods of diagnosis or treatment. The lecture on Gleet is especially good. Otherwise the book is no better than hundreds of others written on the same subject. It is small, neatly gotten up and well illustrated.

Manual of Jurisprudence and Toxicology. By Henry C. Chapman, M.D. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, Publisher.

The second edition of this work thoroughly revised is at hand. The work contains material interesting to every practitioner and is intended as a general guide for such. The department of Toxicology is abreast of the latest scientific developments.

BOOKS, ETC., RECEIVED.

Twentieth Century Practice. An international encyclopedia of modern medical science. By leading authorities of Europe and America. Edited by Thomas L. Stedman, M.D., New York City. In twenty volumes. Volume V. "Diseases of the Skin." New York: William Wood & Company. 1896.

Manual of Gynecology. By Henry T. Byford, M.D., Professor of Gynecology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Chicago, Ill., Illustrated. Philadelphia; P. Blakiston, Son & Company,

Publishers. 1895.

1869.

ALUMNI AND SCHOOL NOTES.

Dr. John Morgan, a specialist in diseases of the eye,

is located at 39 Huntington avenue, Boston, Mass.

1880. Dr. J. W. Seaver had a very interesting article on "The Greater Need To-day in Physical Culture," in the March. issue of Werner's Magazine.

1887. Dr. J. H. Townsend has removed to 39 College Street, New Haven, Conn.

1894. Herman B. Arnold, M.D., of the New Haven Turn Verein, gave a gymnastic exhibition of his classes at the Hyperion Theatre, April 14th.

1895. Dr. H. B. Rising has removed from Whitingham, Vt., to South Glastonbury, Conn.

1896. H. F. Smith has received the appointment of Assistant House Physician of the Hartford Hospital, his services beginning July 1st.

1896. T. L. Ellis and J. A. Cooke have received appointments to the staff of the Lying-in-Hospital, New York City, their services to begin on July 1st and September 1st, respectively.

1896. S. H. Wadhams and M. H. R. Gill have been appointed to the house staff of the Backus Memorial Hospital, Norwich, Conn. Their terms of service will begin on July 1st and November 1st, 1896, respectively.

1897. A. E. Loveland has received the degree of Master of Arts from the trustees of Wesleyan University, as the result of examinations recently taken in completion of a course for such a degree.

1897. R. S. Graves substituted recently for two weeks at the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City.

1898. E. F. Hamlin went South with the Law School baseball team as pitcher during the Easter recess. He has also been taken to the Freshman training table this spring term.

1898. H. G. Watson will teach gymnastics and have charge of the athletics at the Silver Lake Summer School, N. Y., during the coming summer.

1898. Raymond Delmas has a French poem in the April number of the Canadian Review.

1898. Arshag Der Margosian, a native Armenian, has furnished some of the papers with articles upon the recent invasion of Armenia by the Turks.

Chas. J. Bartlett, M.D., Assistant in Pathology, has been granted a leave of absence by the Faculty in order to pursue a course of study in Pathology and Bacteriology at the Boston City Hospital.

Colonel Geo. E. Waring, Jr., C. E., Commissioner of the Street Cleaning Department of New York City, has been selected to deliver the address in Medicine before the Yale Medical School at the Commencement exercises in June. Col. Waring is widely known as an author and constructor in the field of sanitary science, and his work on Sewerage and Land Drainage is an authority upon that subject. The Waring System of Sewerage is used in many of the large cities of this country, and it was under his reconstructive plans after the depopulation of the city of Memphis by the yellow fever in 1878, that this city, previously excessively unhealthy, was made the healthy city that it is to-day. His connection with the New York City commission has made him still more widely known to both medical men and the world at large.

CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR IN Medicine, MedICAL DEPARTMENT, YALE UNIVERSITY, NEW HAVEN, Conn.

The subject assigned me by the question committee is cancer of the head and neck. This involves a discussion of the etiology, pathology, diagnosis, prognosis, clinical history and medical and surgical treatment of cutaneous cancer, superficial and deep, of cancer of the lips, tongue and larynx and of cancers of the brain with a discussion of cerebral surgery. This is a large subject, rather larger than I should care to cover in one paper and I have therefore decided to limit myself to the question of the etiology and pathology of cancer.

I cannot hope to state anything new or original and can only try tout before those of you who have not had the leisure to look the matter up how pathologists are at present regarding the etiology of cancer.

Five chief theories have been advanced to explain the etiology of cancer and may be enumerated as follows: First, Cohnheim's theory of the origin of tumors in inclusions of embryonic tissue; second, a specific bacterium as a cause of cancer; third, protozoa as a cause of cancer; fourth, yeasts; fifth, a vegetative cell. While Cohnheim's theory explains some points in the origin and development of tumors it leaves many things in

*Read at the meeting of the New Haven County Medical Association, April 16th, 1896.