ported by other testimony, and ought therefore to be received with a reasonable distrust.

A comparison of Jones' account of the civil war in Wexford with Mr. Hays, will illustrate the necessity of a caution applicable to both. It is sometimes asserted in Jones's Narrative, that great carnage was made of the Insurgents in engagements, when only one or two were killed or wounded on the part of government. When so little regard is paid to probability we are obliged to refuse our assent.

In the appendix to Hays account, will be found curious and interesting informationfrom it the American reader will derive a compleat view of the state of the kingdom of Ireland, immediately anterior, and at the unhappy period of the Insurrection.

THE recent revolt conducted by Emmett, and the extracts from the pamphlet on Irish affairs, and the detection of Coigley, will no doubt, be all thought worthy of perusal.

INTRODUCTION,

BY THE AMERICAN EDITOR.

REVOLUTIONS, and civil wars, have always been esteemed the most interesting parts of history in the eye of mankind.

IN the latter ages of the world, history presents a bloody page, stained with sanguinary wars, but little dignified by important and consequential events. The imperial and regal rulers of the day have been sufficiently prodigal of human victims to indulge caprice-provide for a son or nephew, or satiate ambition.

WE have few examples in modern history of grand atchievements, by which the destiny of nations is decided, or birth given to a new empire.

SINCE the subversion of the Greek Empire Switzerland, Portugal, Holland, &c. have risen into view, and still nominally exist. America has shaken off her chains and grows in power. The only considerable nations which have been blotted from the face of Europe, are Venice and Poland.

AMONGST the events calculated to dazzle, if not astonish, is the French revolution. The

attention of the world was attracted at its commencement, and it continued splendid, but terrible in its progress. Its volcanic eruptions in its latter stages spread general horror and dismay o

To the philanthropist its morn of brightness was the harbinger of a glorious day to suffering humanity. How much is it to be deplored, that an incessant change of rulers and factionswild innovators-bloody proscriptions a plu ral executive, divided and hostile-constitutions, the ephemera of the day prolonged war-all combined to wear out hope, and force a generous people to yield in despair their long wished for liberty to terminate the horrors of anarchy. It is in the obstinacy and unavailing perseverance of Mr. Pitt, we may discover the hand which conducted Bonaparte to an imperial throne. The war of kings and altars against the pride and wishes of a brave and powerful people, has created a gigantic power which threatens the independance of Europe, and the extinction of the British empire.

REVOLUTIONARY France helped to light up the fire of rebellion in Ireland, as subservient to her uniform policy, of reducing the power of a rival. In the American war France would have found an hostile people, defending their shores with bravery against an invader.

In the rebellion of 1798, the French republic was to aid the effort, and to engage for the independance of Ireland. To trace shortly the

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circumstances which presented the Irish people in league with the French nation, (with whom, as connected with Britain, they had contended for ages) may merit attention.

THE English government, beautiful as De L'home, and others had represented it in theory, had in the lapse of time from the workings of corrupt and luxurious manners, together with original imperfect principles of representation which the mutations of trade and commerce rendered still more deformed, had at this time retained little of its democratic vitality and a hideous aristocratic predominancy appeared to reign over the sovereign and his people. ynait her the last century England was except the Spatime in a state of war Walpole was driven by nish war, into y against his own judgment, popular opied hostility arose from inadequate this contifrom commerce-jealousies, or naçausesarrogance.

tion ROM her insular situation and potent

ets, the wars she had carried on were either flearitime, or raged on the soil of her enemies. mhe ambition of her government anxious for Tastant territory, had however caused an undatural protrusion of strength which sapped her energy, and entailed misery and the most odious exaction on the nation.

FRANCE, in her apparent regenerated state, on the first dawnings of the sun of liberty, preented a spectacle captivating and alluring to

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